Crustacean Research

Complete larval development of a scyllarine lobster, Galearctus kitanoviriosus (Harada, 1962) (Decapoda: Scyllaridae: Scyllarinae), reared under laboratory conditions

Takeshi Higa, Yoshihisa Fujita, Shigemitsu Shokita

Article type: Article
2005 Volume 34 Pages 1-26
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: May 15, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_1

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Complete larval development of a scyllarine lobster, Galearctus kitanoviriosus (Harada, 1962), is described and illustrated from laboratory-reared material. The development comprises nine phyllosoma stages and one nisto stage. Nistos appeared 52-59 days and first stage juveniles 65-77 days after hatching, under rearing conditions with 24.3-25.5℃ water temperature and a salinity of 34.0-35.0‰. The morphological characteristics of phyllosoma and nisto stages were compared with those of other scyllarine larvae, which were also described from laboratory-reared materials. Galearctus kitanoviriosus phyllosomas can be differentiated from other species by characteristics of the cephalon, maxillule, and pereiopods. The nistos of G. kitanoviriosus can also be distinguished from those of Chelarctus cultrifer (Ortmann, 1897) and Petrarctus demani (Holthuis, 1946) by the armature and setation of the antenna, maxillule, and abdominal segments.

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Life history and utilization of the beach face slope by the sandy beach isopod Excirolana chiltoni in Sendai Bay, northern Japan

Kenji Kaneko, Michio Omori

Article type: Article
2005 Volume 34 Pages 27-39
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: May 15, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_27

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The life history of a cirolanid isopod, Excirolana chiltoni Richardson, 1905, was studied on a sandy beach in Sendai Bay, northern Japan, during the period October 1996 to March 1998. Cohort analyses indicated two or three age groups in each sample with a life span estimated at 2 years. The growth rate was high in the warm season and low in winter. The breeding season lasted from early April through to late September. Two-year-old females began to carry embryos earlier, followed by the smaller 1-year-olds. Excirolana chiltoni showed spatial segregation during the breeding season. Namely, ovigerous females occurred on the high shore and juveniles were closest to sea. Thus, E. chiltoni utilize environmental gradients along the beach face slope on sandy beaches throughout their life history.

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Description of Coutieralpheus setirostris, new genus, new species, an infaunal alpheid shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda) from Florida, U.S.A.

Arthur Anker, Darryl L. Felder

Article type: Article
2005 Volume 34 Pages 40-52
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: May 15, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_40

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Coutieralpheus, new genus, is established for C. setirostris, new species, on the basis of two specimens, a complete male and an incomplete female, collected from burrows on the tidal flats bordering Fort Pierce Inlet on the Atlantic coast of Florida, U.S.A. The new genus belongs to a large group of alpheid genera characterized by the presence of a posteroventral articulated plate on the sixth abdominal pleuron. The holotype male bears robust, subsymmetrical and equal-sized chelipeds. The mesial side of the cheliped carpus bears several rows of short setae, which are present in only three other, non-related alpheid genera. The two thickened terminal setae on the rostrum are also diagnostic. Coutieralpheus appears to combine primitive and highly evolved features and is presumably related to the monotypic genus Deioneus Dworschak, Anker & Abed-Navandi from the Eastern Atlantic. However, in some characters the new genus also resembles the genera Salmoneus Holthuis, Alpheopsis Coutiere and Parabetaeus Coutiere. The host of C. setirostris remains unknown, although both the holotype and paratype were collected from substrates richly burrowed by thalassinidean shrimp, stomatopods, and large polychaetes.

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New record and supplemental description of Alainopaguroides andamanensis McLaughlin (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguridae) from Japan and Indonesia

Tomoyuki Komai, Patsy A. McLaughlin

Article type: Article
2005 Volume 34 Pages 53-64
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: May 15, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_53

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A poorly known pagurid hermit crab, Alainopaguroides andamanensis McLaughlin, 2002, is recorded from Japanese and Indonesian waters for the first time. This species was only recently described from the Andaman Sea near Phuket, Thailand. The original description of the species was based on small, damaged specimens, and therefore a supplemental description based on the newly obtained specimens is provided. A sufficient comparison with the other congeneric species, A. lemaitrei McLaughlin, 1997, is now possible. Alainopaguroides andamanensis was found to use halves of bivalve shells as protective coverings.

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Alongshore configuration and size of local populations of the callianassid shrimp Nihonotrypaea harmandi (Bouvier, 1901) (Decapoda: Thalassinidea) in the Ariake-Sound estuarine system, Kyushu, Japan

Akio Tamaki, Kazuyuki Harada

Article type: Article
2005 Volume 34 Pages 65-86
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: May 15, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_65

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In the Ariake-Sound estuarine system, intertidal sandflats or sandy beaches inhabited by Nihonotrypaea harmandi are distributed along the western half of the coastline. In these habitats, the ghost shrimp occupies zones or patches mostly composed of moderately (well) sorted fine sand. A previous study has identified 38 local shrimp populations along the coastline. Of these, 26 main populations were surveyed to estimate their sizes prior to the breeding season in 1998. For each location, the shrimp-inhabited zones/patches were mapped, and density was assessed by counting the number of burrow openings at a number of stations. The total number of shrimps at each zone/patch was estimated by multiplying the mean shrimp density by its area. The entire population size was given as the sum total of those from all zones/patches. Of all local populations, the population size on one sand flat situated at the southwestern periphery of the target waters was by far the largest due to both the highest density and the largest area, accounting for 70% of the total number of shrimps in the estuarine system. This sand flat is closest to the largest larval retention ground in the waters lying 10 to 20km offshore.

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A morphometric study of the burrowing mud shrimp Laomedia astacina (Decapoda: Thalassinidea: Laomediidae)

Gyo Itani, Takashi Uchino

Article type: Article
2005 Volume 34 Pages 87-94
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: May 15, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_87

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Relative growth of cheliped and abdomen was studied in the thalassinidean shrimp Laomedia astacina de Haan, 1841 based on samples taken from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. A total of 108 individuals was collected and analysed. The sex ratio did not differ from 1:1 and sexual size dimorphism was not evident. Laomedia astacina was heterochelous, with the major claw slightly larger and stouter than the minor claw. The proportions of right and left major claws did not differ significantly from 1:1 and did not change with shrimp size. Both sexes exhibited a positive allometry in both cheliped types. Sexual dimorphism was observed in the width of the abdomen, but not observed in the chelipeds.

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Duration of larval development of the Japanese mitten crab Eriocheir japonica (De Haan)

Satoshi Kobayashi

Article type: Article
2005 Volume 34 Pages 95-103
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: May 15, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_95

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The five zoeal stages and megalopa larvae of the Japanese mitten crab Eriocheir japonica were reared using natural sea water in the laboratory at Tsuyazaki, Fukuoka Prefecture from September 1990 to July 1991. The timetable of larval development in the natural population was estimated from the results of incubation under ambient temperature. Duration of development increased as the water temperature decreased from autumn to winter, and all larvae were dead in 1st or 2nd zoea stage from December to April when water temperature was lower than 15℃. The duration of development of zoea larvae and megalopa larvae varied from 15 (hatched in June) to 89 days (November) and from 5 (emerged in June or July) to 13 days (October), respectively. Larval development is completed from autumn to winter by broods hatched from the early maturing group which spawned three times from September to December, and from spring to early summer from later maturing group which spawned three times after December. The settlement of a large number of larvae spawned by the later maturing group in early summer is expected. This estimation agrees closely with the observed settlement pattern of megalopa larvae in the upper tidal river.

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The taxonomic identity of Alpheus gracilipes Stimpson, 1860 (Decapoda: Caridea: Alpheidae), with description of five new cryptic species, from Japan

Keiichi Nomura, Arthur Anker

Article type: Article
2005 Volume 34 Pages 104-139
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: May 15, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_104

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The taxonomic identity of Alpheus gracilipes is established on the basis of a newly designated neotype from Tahiti. All specimens referred to A. gracilipes complex from Japan and some other localities were thoroughly reexamined. As a result, A. gracilipes and five new cryptic species, A. angustilineatus, n. sp., A. fujitai, n. sp., A. kuroshimensis, n. sp., A. parvimaculatus, n. sp. and A. roseodigitalis, n. sp., are recognized and described. Two keys to the seven presently known species of the A. gracilipes complex, based on morphological characters and color patterns, respectively, are provided.

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Genitalic changes related to oviposition in the terrestrial isopod Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille, 1804)

Sachiko Suzuki

Article type: Article
2005 Volume 34 Pages 140-148
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: May 15, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_140

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Females of the terrestrial isopod Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille, 1804) possess a pair of cuticular genitalia in the oviducts, which are renewed at each non-parturial molt. The genitalia consist of a distal segment surrounding the gonopore, and a cuticular tube lining the lumen of the oviduct. At parturial molt, however, adult females do not produce new genitalia. Their genitalia are only modified. Moreover, egg-carrying females possess new genitalia after each parturial molt. The timing of formation of new genitalia after the parturial molt is still indistinct. The process was investigated morphologically around the time of oviposition. After the parturial molt, females retain only the cuticular tubes of the old genitalia in the oviducts. Several hours after molting and just before oviposition, these cuticular tubes are cast off from the oviducts and a pair of oopores opens on the coxal plate of the fifth perionite. After oviposition, the oopores become gradually unobservable with time. New genitalia are not present in the oviducts until at least 24 hours after the parturial molt. The reconstruction of new genitalia seems to be associated with the disappearance of the oopores.

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OBITUARY : Toshimitsu Odawara

Hiroshi Suzuki

Article type: Article
2005 Volume 34 Pages 149-
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: May 15, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_149

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 34 Pages 150-
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: May 15, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_150

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