巻号一覧
19 巻 (1954)
- 4 号 p. 255-
- 2-3 号 p. 97-
- 1 号 p. 1-
19 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1～11を表示しています
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Sung Huang Sun, Const. J. Alexopoulos, G. B. Wilson1954 年 19 巻 4 号 p. 255-264
発行日: 1954/12/30
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe cytology of the ascus in Gelasinzospora calospora, G. autosteara, and G. cerealis has been studied; haploid counts of 6, 6, and 7 chromosomes, respectively, have been made; the nucleolus of the first two species is often situated far away from the chromosome groupings whereas in the last species it is closely associated with the chromosomes; a rod-like structure resembling the centriole of Neurospora crassa as described by McClintock and by Singleton is present in all three species. On the basis of morphological characteristics, spore germination studies, ascus cytology, chromosome numbers, and behavior of nucleolus, G. autosteira is reduced to a variety of G. calospora.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2233K) -
VII. A chain-association of the multiple sex-chromosomes found in Otocryptops sexspinosus (Say)Kazuo Ogawa1954 年 19 巻 4 号 p. 265-272
発行日: 1954/12/30
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper describes the multiple sex-chromosomes found in Otocryptops sexspinosus, a species of Chilopoda. It was found that the present species possesses a 4X-5Y mechanism of the sex-chromosomes in the male. They show the chain-like association at the first metaphase. The formula of the chromosomes is 6A+X1-X2-X3-X4+Y1-Y2-Y3-Y4-Y5 in the male, and 6A+2X1-2X2-2X3-2X4 in the female.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1875K) -
V. Gigas-plants in the offspring of nullisomic dwarfs and analysis of their additional chromosome pairSeiji Matsumura1954 年 19 巻 4 号 p. 273-285
発行日: 1954/12/30
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2407K) -
III. On the epidermal system of the pulvinus and leafletHideo Toriyama1954 年 19 巻 4 号 p. 286-298
発行日: 1954/12/30
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーBy means of the “Sump method” and of the ultropaque microscope, the observations of the epidermal system of the pulvinus and the leaflets were investigated in Mimosa pudica L. and other nyctinastic Leguminous plants. Materials which had received a stimulus were mainly observed. The results of our observations and experiments are summarized as follows:
1) On the upper epidermis of the primary pulvinus the hydathodes are distributed 14 per mm2. These apertures are bounded by several guard cells. In vertical view, these hydathodes may be roughly classified into two or three categories. In one type of these hydathodes, internal guard cells are situated under the aperture which leads to the canaliculated intercellular spaces. These canaliculated spaces contain tannin solution which is stained by toluidin blue. Other types of hydathodes have no connection with the canaliculated spaces. On the lower surface, the hydathodes are distributed 12 per mm2. The vertical structure is different from that of the hydathode of the upper side, but, the surface view is the same in both.
2) The primary pulvinus transfers over to the petiole gradually, this transitional zone being inflated a little. The anthocyan is not formed in the epidermis of this zone which may be called ‘transitional zone’ The hydathodes are many in number and are scattered on the surface of this zone. Two or three internal guard cells are situated just under the aperture. A considerable amount of the cytoplasm exists at the periphery of these guard cells.
3) A substance which contain tannin issues from the hydathodes on the lower surface of the petiole adjacent to the ‘transitional zone’
4) On the upper surface of the secondary pulvinus, the hydathodes are distributed 11 per mm2. Furthermore, the stomata and the hydathodes are many in number and are scattered on the petiole, especially on the part adjacent to the secondary pulvinus.
5) The stomata are scattered on the upper surface of the tertiary pul-vinules, but on the lower surface the stomata are not found. The guard cells and the subsidiary cells are somewhat protruded from the surface of the epidermis. Perhaps these epidermal apparatus are employed as the stomata and also as the hydathodes too.
6) On the surface of the pulvinules of Cassia inimosoides, and Albizzia Julibrissin, the stomatal apparatus are scattered as in Mimosa pudica. But on the lower surface the stomatal apparatus are not found.
7) The stomatal apparatus on the leaflets of Mimosa are composed of small guard cells, and the latter again bounded by two large subsidiary cells. The reaction resulting to acetic silver nitrate solution appeared in the guard cells but the tannin reaction did not. Whereas the subsidiary cells and some other epidermal cells contain tannin. According to the kind of these epidermal cells the osmotic concentrations are in various ways.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7255K) -
II. Early division of yolk cells and some related problemsTakeo Takami1954 年 19 巻 4 号 p. 299-305
発行日: 1954/12/30
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリー1. Early divisions of yolk cells in vitro were observed in Bombyx mori.
2. At the beginning of the yolk cell formation, many large multinuclear cells or masses of yolk are seen dividing gradually into smaller ones which contain lesser number of nuclei, and completed yolk cells are for the most part mononuclear accompanied with some multinuclear ones.
3. In the course of these divisions the yolk cells show marked variations in shape which are strange to us as compared with the ordinary roundish or ovalish shape (resting form) of them.
4. The whole of yolk cells is hardly understandable without the recognition that they are variable and living units which can move, divide and make groups in vitro, showing marked variations in shape. These activities may possibly be manifested also, in some degree, in vivo.
5. The plasma connection remaining between separated yolk cells may have some relation to the origin of the peculiar satellitic body of moving yolk cells.
6. The author's opinion was stated about the terminologies of yolk nuclei and yolk cells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2233K) -
Mitsuo Tsujita, Kyozo Watanabe, Seizo Tsuda1954 年 19 巻 4 号 p. 306-316
発行日: 1954/12/30
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーElectron-microscopical studies of the inner structure of Paramecium caudatum have been carried out by means of ultra-thin sections. The results of the observations are summarized as follows.
1. Each cilium is provided with a basal granule (kinetosome), but exceptionally two cilia grow from one kinetosome.
2. The cilium has a fibrillar structure, and consists of a bundle of fibrils extending through its full length.
3. The macronucleus is filled with granular or filamentous bodies, with many more minute granules scattered among them. These granules may be found particularly in abundance near the periphery of the nucleus, and show an appearance to be migrating into the cytoplasm through the nuclear membrane.
4. The micronucleus is filled with small granules or filamentous bodies, but large granules like those observed in the macronucleus are missing.
5. A great number of mitochondria-like granules, spherical, oval or filamentous in appearance, are scattered in the cytoplasm. The ectoplasm immediately beneath the pellicle consists of filamentous bodies forming a fibrous layer.
6. The granules have a kind of limiting membrane and some internal structure.
7. Staining reactions of the granules in the fixed as well as in the living materials are identical with those of mitochondria in the cells of higher organisms. Furthermore, the granules isolated by ultra-centrifuge show their intimate relation to the respiratory enzymes. From these facts it may be safely said that the granules are of the same nature as the mitochondria of higher organism.
8. Two types of food vacuoles are present.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (13326K) -
II. Somatic chromosomes of some speciesTuguo Tateoka1954 年 19 巻 4 号 p. 317-328
発行日: 1954/12/30
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリー1) Somatic chromosomes of fifty three species in Poaceae were reported (Table 1, Figs. 1-53).
2) In Koeleria cristata, supernumerary chromosomes were observed.
3) In Calamagrostis arundinacea var. brachytricha and C. hakonensis, intraspecific polyploidy was found; in the former, hexaploids and octoploids; in the latter, tetraploids and octoploids.
4) The karyotypic differences between two closely related species Poa annua and P. acroleuca were mentioned.
5) The taxonomic problem of the genus Milium was considered.
6) The genera Torreyochloa and Glyceria were discussed from a karyotaxonomic standpoint.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (598K) -
Structure of spermatozoid of Chara BrauniiSyôiti Satô1954 年 19 巻 4 号 p. 329-335
発行日: 1954/12/30
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリー1. The structure of the spermatozoid of Chara Braunii Gmel. is described. The electron microscope, the phase contrast microscope, and some cytochemical methods have been used to supplement the usual cytological techniques.
2. The spermatozoid-nucleus showed the fibrous structure under the electron microscope. In the cytoplasmic portion there are several spherical bodies in which about twenty granules are contained. These granules are considered to have the features of mitochondria.
3. The blepharoplast consists of two parts; one is the connecting portion continued to the spermatozoid-nucleus and the other is the motile portion attached at two flagella. The motile portion easily divides up into many fibrils.
4. The flagellum is accompanied by a plasmic fin material on one side, and the end of flagellum has a fin. The flagellum may consist of many fibrils, but the bundle of fibrils is too firm to be disbundled with the usual technique.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3975K) -
H. Kihara1954 年 19 巻 4 号 p. 336-357
発行日: 1954/12/30
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリー1. Within the genus Aegilops 9 diploid analysers have been established by the author. Their genomes are included in various combinations in the allotetraploid species of the genus.
2. The distribution area of the analysers is very limited. They are found in Asia Minor, Syria, Palestine and the Balkan Peninsula, while the whole area of the genus extends roughly along the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea (including the islands) reaching eastward to Afghanistan and Pakistan.
3. 6 allotetraploids out of 9 occupy a strikingly wider area than their corresponding analysers. For instance, Ae. triuncialis expands almost over the whole area of the genus.
4. The wide distribution of allopolyploids must have taken place at the time when there were connections between South Europe and Africa.
5. The formation of the allotetraploids must have occurred before the connecting bridges have been broken.
6. The distribution center of the 9 analysers should be considered to be the place where the hybridization was occurring.
7. Hybrid vigor seems to be the cause of the wide distribution of polyploids.
8. At present we know 9 diploid, 9 allotetraploid and 3 allohexaploid species in Aegilops. The polyploids contain a larger number of varieties than the diploid analysers. These facts indicate that the hybridization has played directly and indirectly a very important role in the evolution of the Aegilops species.
9. The genome-analysis showed that the genome C, which is included and isolated in Ae. cylindrica and also in Ae. triuncialis has been kept constant for a very long series of years. We could call this kind of crossisolation genome isolation through polyploidy. The constancy of genomes can also be inferred from the existence of the same diploid species in the Archipelago which is supposed to have been included in the mainland in earlier periods. The intra- and intervarietal hybrids between strains obtained from distant localities have definitely shown that the parents had homologous genomes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (8115K) -
Hiroyuki Hirose1954 年 19 巻 4 号 p. 358-370
発行日: 1954/12/30
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーSome new knowledges concerned with reproduction and reproductive cells of a freshwater alga, Chaetonaarpha Okamurai Ueda are summarized as follows:
1) The structure of fertile filaments of the present alga is described.
2) Developmental processes of liberation pore formation are observed. Inner layer of cellwall firstly opens and later opens outer layer. Shedding out processes of swarmers are also described.
3) Shapes and structure of gametes and zoospores are described and their dimensions are measured too.
4) Sexual fusion takes its place not only among those gametes which are ejected from different filaments as commonly encountered as in most of algae, but also among those gametes ejected from a single filament. Moreoverr sometimes even among those gametes which are produced in a same game-tangium of a single filament sexual fusions are observed.
5) Several types concerned with gamete fusions are enumerated: i. Anterior with anterior, ii. Anterior with ventral, iii. Posterior with pos-terior, iv. Posterior with anterior and v. Random-touching.
6) Zygotes always become planozygotes and their motility never be weakened for a comparatively long time.
7) In early autumn gametes often stand still and grow to become sporings parthenogenetically.
8) The present alga is perennial and her method of reproduction is mainly by means of gamete formation through a year only excepting for by means of zoospores in early May and in early September.
9) Phototaxis of swarmers of the present alga is differently characterized by each swarmer, namely positive by gametes and negative by zoospores, planozygotes and parthenogametes.
10) Zygotes, zoospores and parthenogametes were cultured. The germination type of these three sorts of reproductive cells all belong to Inoh's “Immediate Filamentous Type” After 54 days' culture of zygotes and zoospores, their sporings grew to reach up to 665μ in length being composed of two to five much elongated cells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5771K) -
Haruo Kobayashi1954 年 19 巻 4 号 p. 371-376
発行日: 1954/12/30
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリー1. Die Chromosomenzahl von Ostrea ariakensis WAKIYA beträgt 2n=24, bei der Metaphase der Oogonien. Ein Paar der kleinsten Chromosomen stäbchenförmig and andere Paaren V-förming, also ihr Karyotypus wird folgendermassen ausgedrückt. 24=22 V+2 Stäb.
2. Die Chromosomenzahl von gewöhnlichen Ostrea laperousi SCHRENCK an den Baien von Hiroshima, Sendai and Ariake ist 2n=24, wobei darunter 4 die L-förmigen and 20 die V-förmigen darstellen.
3. O. laperousi aus verschiedenen Heimaten stimme bezüglich der Chromosomenzahl und -formen völlig überein, and kein anderer Typus der O. laperousi von karyologischem Standpunkte aus wird bemerkt.
4. Die haploide Zahl von O. laperousi beträgt n=12, bei der Metaphase der ersten Teilung, die nach der künstlichen Befruchtung erkannt wird.
5. Die lange Form der O. laperousi ist bezüglich des Chromosomenbestandes mit der kurzen Form ganz ähnlich.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2055K)
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