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Volume 32, Issue 1
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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Beyoung Hwa Kwack, In-Hwan Kim1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 1-5
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy using pollen from Tradescantia palndosa, it was found that pollen cultural medium containing calcium, magnesium and potassium ions, at a high pH, greatly enhanced growth of the pollen and accelerated the pollen mitosis. The calcium-supplemented medium, unlike conventional pollen growth media, facilitated well aligned mitotic chromosomes in the pollen tubes, resulting in a more distinct appearance of the chromosomes. This allowed the obtaining of more analyzable chromosomes in the pollen tubes.View full abstractDownload PDF (686K) -
M. Macek1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 6-10
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. A simple method of cultivation and chromosomal investigation of shortterm cultures of cells from embyronal liver is described which allows a successful chromosomal investigation already from the 2nd-3rd month of intrauterine life.
2. From the analysis of the time course of the mitotic activity it resulted that its maximum is before the 72nd hour of cultivation. Afterwards the activity decreases significantly and after the 90th hour of cultivation it disappears completely.
3. The chromosomal investigation did not prove a greater amount of chromosomal aberrations, though in the majority of cultures, polyploid cells were in 1-3% of mitoses; endoreduplication was found in one case only.View full abstractDownload PDF (396K) -
I. Study of karyotype and abnormalities in meiosisD. Jagathesan, T. V. Sreenivasan1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 11-18
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMeiosis and pollen mitosis were studied in twenty plants of Narenga poyphyyoconla. Karyotype was analysed and found to be asymmetrical and belong to 2b type according to Stebbin's (1958) system of classification. Meiotic abnormalities such as bridges, laggards and cells with different chromosome numbers were observed. It is suggested that these mosaics have probably arisen due to one pair of homologous chromosomes possessing a weak centromere and abnormalities in postmeiotic cell divisions.View full abstractDownload PDF (579K) -
M. A. Hairstone1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 19-23
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study was made of the fine structure of M. apiospernnmi, the imperfect form of Allescheria boydii. The hyphae, either coeneoytic or discretely cellular demonstrated those organelles previosly described from plant and animal cells. The primitive configuration of the reticular system-golgi complex was noted and its possible role in enzyme storage characterized. In addition, there were described from the cytoplasmic matrix many electron dense bodies composed of repeating subunits. Questions were presented as to the role of these bodies and golgi “secretions” in the proteolytic activity of this fungus form.View full abstractDownload PDF (490K) -
S. S. Bir, P. Shukla1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 24-30
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChromosome numbers in fourteen fern species from North India are reported. Of these, 12 taxa are diploids and 3 tetraploids. The present study brings out the existence in the Himalayas of two sexual cytotypes (2x and 4x) within two well established species, namely, Aspleniunt tyichomanes and Athyrinm setiferum. On the basis of morphological characters the different races do not meirt any taxonomic status. These, however, exhibit a great difference in spore size. The tetraploid individuals always possess large spores as compared to the diploid ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (444K) -
K. D. Wuu, W. F. Grant1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 31-41
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCytological observations on meitotic cells of barley plants (Hordeum vulgare) grown after seed treatment (1000 ppm, 12 hours), or seedling spraying (500 ppm), with one of 15 pesticides (Herbicides: Alanap-3, Atrazine, Banvel-D, Cytrol, Embutox E, Hyvar X, Lorox, Monuron, Simazine; Insecticides: Endrin, Phosphamidon, Sevin; Insect chemosterilants: ENT-50612, Botran) indicated that all of the pesticides were capable of inducing chromosome aberrations and, in certain cases, abnormal cellular behavior, such as cytoplasmic furrowing. The chromosomal aberrations observed included stickiness, extreme clumping or coales-cence (“chromatin bodies”), chromosome bridges and fragments and micronuclei. In addition, asynchronous nuclear and cellular divisions were observed. Chromosome aberrations in meiotic cells of C1 generation plants ranged from 0.26 to 66.50% and in the C2 generation from 0 to 11.34%. Chromosome aberrations in meiotic cells of plants after spraying the seedlings ranged from 0 to 8.70%. Certain pesticide treatments produced chromosome aberrations in the C1 or the C2 generation which exceeded the X-ray (5, 500 R) and ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS, 1000 ppm, 12 hours) treatments used for comparative purposes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1162K) -
H. Masuda1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 42-54
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe cells from the heart, meninges and lung of the chick embryos were cultured in the multipurpose culture chambers completely covered with dialysis cellophane. A prominent phase-gray area, undoubtedly representing the Golgi region, is situated at a paranuclear zone of the cytoplasm. The Golgi region consists of a cluster of phase-gray structures embedded'in a phase-lucent ground substance. The cluster appears either like a ball of intertwined filaments or an assemblage of flecks or small bits. The filaments and flecks are clearly delineated or blurred in outline in different cells in the living condition. In the present work, the cells with a Golgi region containing clearly delineated phase-gray flecks were selected, and the study was centered on the precise structure of the gray flecks in the living condition and the structure during and after the process of silver impregnation by a modified Elftman's method. The flecks in the Golgi region undergo considerable changes in configuration that may depend on the shape and the degree of spreading of the cell. Moreover, individual flecks themselves are supposed to be changeable in their shape. Phase-white spherules, probably secretory droplets, are often emanated from the terminal part of the phase-gray flecks.
The aggregate of the flecks in the living condition is very similar in appearance to the Golgi apparatus impregnated to a moderate degree with silver in the same cell. Moreover, individual flecks and the Golgi fragments coincide in shape and position to a pronounced degree. In the process of silvering, the initial silver deposition occurs in the form of minute grains almost confined on both sides of the flecks. As the silvering goes on, the grains come to be connected with the neighboring ones and completely surround the flecks, leaving a white core or center, often called an argentophobic portion by cytologists. The silvered flecks at this stage are recognized to show the veriatble shapes of the compo.ients of the living Golgi apparatus. At a more advanced stage, silvered fragments of the Golgi apparatus enlarge with further apposition of deposits and, coming into contact with their neighbors, finally form a classical network. Thus, it appears amply evident that the Golgi network is a result of over-impregnation.
In view of the above results of carefully comparing the living and impregnated materials, it seems to be established that the assemblage of phase-gray structures in the Golgi region of the living cell is equivalent to the so-called classical Golgi apparatus.View full abstractDownload PDF (1939K) -
K. Das, B. C. Goswami1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 55-58
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (716K) -
J. Schreiter1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 59-63
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Die mitotischen Metaphasechromosomen von Vicia pannonica wurden gemäß ihrer Länge and morphologischen Struktur in einem Karyogramm geordnet and symbolisiert.
2. Die Aufstellung des Chromosomenschemas erfolgte nach den Vorschlägen der internationalen Vereinbarung üiber Symbolisierung and Nomenklatur.View full abstractDownload PDF (281K) -
Madan Lal Sareen1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 64-71
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The nucleoli in arachnids play an important role in the growth of young oocytes.
2. In Buthus, Hyalomma, Argas, Crossopriza and Melanopa they emit prominent nucleolar extrusions rich in ribonucleoproteins.
3. The nucleolar extrusions disappear before the appearance of yolk globules. However, the indirect participation of nucleolar extrusions in the yolk formation is not ruled out.
4. The nucleoli show intense positive test for RNA and proteins, and in some cases show slightly positive reaction for carbohydrates, phospholipids, DNA and alkaline phosphatase.
5. In Diplotemnus there are two types of nucleoli: i) Feulgen positive (Karyosomes of other authors) and ii) Feulgen negative (plasmosomes of other authors).View full abstractDownload PDF (857K) -
A. Sakai, M. Shigenaga1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 72-86
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe course of formation of the stack of cisternal ER and the tubular ER were studied in successive stages of meiotic divisions in Atractomorpha bedeli.
A very few stacks of cisternal ER or tubular ER are seen in the cytoplasm of gonial cells (Fig. 1). In cells in diplotene and diakinesis stages (Fig. 15), however, the cytoplasm is filled with agranular tubular ER. In some cells in early meiotic prophase (leptotene stage), agglomeration of vesicles is seen in the vicinity of Golgi bodies or between Golgi bodies (Figs. 4 and 5). In this region, near to the Golgi body or between Golgi bodies, a developing stack of granular ER cisternae is seen in cells in the pachytene stage (Figs. 7-13). The elements in the ER stack are continuous with the Golgi vesicles. The Golgi vesicles furthest outside the Golgi cisternae are oblong and semi-granular, suggesting that they are half-formed ER cisteranae. In these stages, tubular ER are also seen which are limited to the vicinity of the Golgi body, and continuation of tubular ER with the Golgi vesicles is often observed. These facts suggest that the stack of cisteranl ER and tubular ER are formed by fusion of Golgi vesicles. The stack of cisternal ER afterwards moves in the cytoplasm to a place different from the Golgi region and becomes attached to the nuclear envelope (cf. diakinesis stage, Fig. 14).View full abstractDownload PDF (5197K) -
Yaw-En Chu1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 87-95
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe karyotype of haploid plants of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) was investigated in a pachytene analysis.
At diakinesis and metaphase-I, 30 different association types were found. Though the maximum association of haploid chromosomes has been regarded as 2 (3)+3 (2), such types as 3 (3) and 1 (4) were also found with high frequency. There-fore, 2 (3)+(3) 2 can not be the maximum association.
At pachytene, chromosome I showed associations with three different chromo-somes. This chromosome could simultaneously associate with three others form-ing a group of four.
The distribution of association types may be considered to be a function of relative affinity and relative position. Taking it for granted that the association in a haploid cell indicates the presence of homologous chromosome segments, the situation disproves the hypothesis that the basic number of rice could be five.View full abstractDownload PDF (607K) -
S. Takeda, S. Naruse, R. Yatani1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 96-104
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA selective portion of HeLa cells in culture was irradiated with a heterochromatic ultraviolet-microbeam (about 2μ in diameter) mainly for 25 seconds, using a high-pressure mercury arc lamp (Toshiba 80 watt) as an irradiation source, and biochemical effects on the RNA, DNA and protein synthesis were exmained by autoradiography, labeling with each tritiated precursor at various intervals, respectively. The results showed that the irradiation at a nuclear or extra-nucleolar nuclear site rapidly caused the inhibition of RNA synthesis which was partly restored in 3-4 hours and mostly for 24 hours after the irradiation. However, the inhibition of DNA synthesis developed fully for several hours after the irradiation and was not restored within a period of 12 hours. The experimental results also showed that the protein synthesis was resistant to the irradiation of any cellular area at the doses employed.View full abstractDownload PDF (863K) -
A. Sakai, M. Shigenaga1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 105-110
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fine structure of centrioles was studied in spermatocytes at prophase of vo species grasshoppers, Acrida turrita and Atractomorplia bedeli. It was found iat the centrioles consist of two equal parts: a proximal half (near the nucleus) is a thickness of 50mμ in width and an electron opaque wall, while a distal half is a thinner (25mμ in width) and less electron opaque wall. The distal half of Le centrioles is surrounded by a granular body which appears to originate from tercellular substance.View full abstractDownload PDF (1267K) -
T. Sharma, S. Kakati1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 111-116
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe diploid number of chromosomes is fortyfour in P. entellus entellus with XX female and XY male. The X chromosome appears to be slightly heteromorphic. On arranging the chromosomes according to size and centromeric position the autosomes fall into four groups. There are twevle pairs with centromeres in the median region (m), and seven pairs with centromeres in the submedian region (sm). The remaining two groups are represented by one pair in each with centromeres in subterminal (st) and terminal (t) regions. The X chromosome is of medium size with centromere in the median region (m) and the Y is the smallest in the complement with centromere in the terminal region (t). In one of the pairs of small chromosomes (m) a conspicuous achromatic region is seen near the centromere.
Attempt has been made to comment on the classification of primates basing on the similarity in the karyotypes of Presbytis and Hylobates.kn-abstract=View full abstractDownload PDF (341K) -
W. W. Thomson, L. N. Lewis, C. W. Coggins1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 117-124
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe ultrastructural reversion of chromoplasts to chloroplasts in regreening Valencia oranges is described. During reversion of chromoplasts to chloroplasts the grana-fretwork system is evidently built up from small vesicles which pinch off from the inner plastid membrane. As the chromoplast regreens, the large osmiophilic globules become reduced in size and number, and there may be a utilization of the lipid material of these globules during the formation of the internal membrane system. It is suggested that irreversible senescences of the chromoplasts probably is dependent on changes in the plastid membrane.View full abstractDownload PDF (1292K) -
H. M. Laws1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 125-141
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSColchicine-indced polyploids derived from Oenothera (subgenus Raimannia) diploids with meiotic chromosome configurations 7 pairs, _??_ 10, 2 paris, _??_ 10, _??_ 4, and _??_ 14, were used to study chromosome behaviour of tetraploids in relation to structural heterozygosity. Tetraploid plants showed “gigas” features of morphology related to increased cell size; in octoploids, there was a further increase in cell size but overall size and vigor was reduced and they were infertile.
Cytologically, all tetraploids showed a reduction in chaisma frequency. Meiotic irregularities of tetraploids and octoploids were similar to those found occasionally in diploids but occurred more frequently. Tetraploids derived from the structurally homozygous diploid race showed quadrivalents, trivalents, bivalents and univalents; those derived from completely structurally heterozygous diploids showed a range of chromosome configurations from univalents, through ring pairs and intermediate chains and circles to ch20. Intermediate tetraploids showed an intermediate configuration range although some differences between them could not be related to differences in their diploid progenitors and it was concluded that although chromosome behaviour of tetraploids is largely determined by the degree of structural heterozygosity of the diploid progenitor, the genetic makeup of a race may modify this behaviour.
In tetraploids there was a fertility decrease in pollen and seed set except for pollen of O.mollissima Cayrasco where percentage sterile grains was unchanged; tetraploids derived from structurally heterozygous diploids showed a smaller fertility reduction than those derived from the homozygous diploids.View full abstractDownload PDF (1314K) -
V. Traykovich, M. R. Rivière1967 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 142-145
Published: March 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAusgesteilt ist die modifizierte Technik Rothfels and Siminovitch der Hamster-Chromosomen in Gewebekulturen. Sie ist einfach and gibt einen großen Prozentsatz Zellen mit geschontem Zellenrand and befreidigender Resolution der Chromosomen in der Metaphase.
Unsere Methode hat die folgenden Vorteile:
1) Die kombinierte Behandlung durch Colchicin mit parasynchronischem Wuchs der Kultur vergrößert den Zellenbeitrag in der C-Metaphase.
2) Aglomeration der Zellen, die bei plötzlichem Fixieren des Sediments vorkommt, wird durch Fixierung des Aufstriches, anstatt des Zellensediments, verhindert.
3) Durch Kleben der Zellensuspension auf Glasplatten, die vorher mit Ovoalbuminfilm vorbereitet wurden, wird ein außergewöhnliches Kleben der Zellen auf der Glasoberflache erreicht.View full abstractDownload PDF (283K)
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