巻号一覧
50 巻 (1985)
- 4 号 p. 631-
- 3 号 p. 417-
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50 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の23件中1～23を表示しています
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II. Variation in chromosome complement and meiotic systemD. Ohri, T. N. Khoshoo1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 213-231
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーBased on x=15, the species in the genus depict a range of ploidy from diploid (2n=30) to dodecaploid (2n=180), whereas all the garden coultivars studied are tetraploid (2n=60). The two diploid taxa G. tristis L. and Acidanthera bicolor Hochst. show regular meiosis with 15 bivalents and near normal pollen stainability. Among tetraploid (2n=60) taxa, G. italicus Mill. is characterised by regular occurrence of 30 bivalents leading to normal anaphase segregation and 91.6 per cent pollen stainability. The garden cultivars, however, show at metaphase I predominant bivalent formation with some quadrivalents, trivalents and univalents. While normal anaphase I segregation (30:30) was observed in most of the cells, unequal segregation also resulted due to trivalents and univalents. Pollen stainability ranges from 49.8 to 98.6 per cent. The pentaploid taxa comprising of six cultivated types of G. psittacinus hybr. also exhibited predominant bivalent formation along with pentavalents, quadrivalents, trivalents and univalents. Anaphase I is irregular due to unequal disjunction of trivalents and univalents. Pollen stainability ranges from 65.07 to 94.2 per cent. G. communis (2n=176) is characterized by trivalents, bivalents and univalents. Bivalent formation is unexpectedly high with a mean of 84.75 per cell and full complement of 88 bivalents was observed in 20 per cent of the cells studied. Pollen stainability is 87.16 per cent.
A correlation of ploidy with general geographical distribution shows that the species native to Cape Winter-Rainfall region are diploid and those occurring in Summer-Rainfall region and Tropical Africa range from diploid to hexaploid; while Mediterranean, European and West Asian species are all polyploid, ranging from tetraploid to dodecaploid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7219K) -
S. S. Raghuvanshi, Savita Mahajan1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 233-239
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーDetailed pachytene morphology of chromosomes of Impatiens balsamina L. var. bicolor with two accessory chromosomes (2n=14+2B) has been analysed. The two B chromosomes always pair to form a bivalent which behaves normally during meiosis. All the chromosomes were analysed individually on the basis of total length of chromosomes, length of chromatic and achromatic segments, arm ratio and an idiogram was drawn, chromosome 5 has the nucleolar organiser in its long arm, chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 have submedian centromere, chromosome one has a median centromere and chromosome 6 has a subterminal centromere. The B chromosome has a nearly median centromere, the short arm has two chromomeres and the long arm has five chromomeres and may have originated from chromosome number six as a result of deletion and translocation. However these Bs do not pair with any of the A chromosomes during meiosis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2176K) -
Prem K. Prasad, B. N. Verma1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 241-245
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーCh. setosa Klein ex. Willd. was collected from Samastipur (India) and from Chandranigahpur (Nepal). The chromosome number n=14 has been ascertained for the first form and n=27 for the second one. While n=14 is the confirmation of the previous reports, n=27 which is an aneuploid count has been reported for the first time in the species under reference. The present aneuploid count has been reported for the first time from Nepal.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1733K) -
V. R. Reddi, N. Sarada Mani1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 247-251
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーDesynapsis with reduced pollen and seed fertility was observed in two mutagen treated plants in intervarietal hybrid progenies of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Meonch. These plants showed apparently normal pairing at pachytene except for occasional unpaired distal regions in 1 to 3 bivalents. Variable number of univalents and increased number of rod bivalents were found at diakinesis and metaphase I. Anaphase I and II bridges recorded appear to be due to chromosome stickiness. The degree of desynapsis, however, differed in the two plants as measured by the univalent and laggard formation. It is suggested that two different mutant genes designated tentatively as as5 and as6 are involved.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2088K) -
II. Sanctum GroupM. K. Khosla, S. N. Sobti1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 253-263
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーResults of the karyomorphological investigations of five species with their different races of the genus Ocimum included in the Sanctum group are described. Comparative cytological study reveals that the length of chromosomes and gross appearance of the karyotype show a general resemblance in all the species investigated but upon closer examination the karyotypes, however, show a wide range of variation in chromosome number as well as in the type of chromosomes. The difference in the karyotype of different species is mainly due to the difference in their chromosome number as well as in the type of chromosomes. The difference in the karyotype of different species is mainly due to the difference in their chromosome number as well as the difference in the number of chromosome type belonging to the different group. The present study also suggests to presume the existence of at least four base numbers x=8, 10, 12 and 16 because of a wide range of chromosome numbers present in the Sanctum group.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (601K) -
IV. Cytology of a naturalized variety of N. tazetta L. from KashmirJ. L. Karihaloo, A. K. Koul1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 265-274
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーA variety of Narcissus tazetta L., tentatively named ‘Kashmir Local’, is widely cultivated and naturalized in Kashmir. It bears bicoloured, strongly scented ‘single’ or ‘double’ flowers. This variety is a segmental allotriploid bearing 30 chromosomes in root tip cells. Average chromosome association per cell at metaphase I of meiosis is 0.08 VI, 0.08 V, 0.46 IV, 6.77 III, 2.31 II, 2.38 I. All the eight collections studied have a telocentric SAT-chromosome. Pollen grains possess 5-30 chromosomes. On account of disproportionate representation of different chromosomes, even hypermonoploid pollen grains do not necessarily carry a complete basic set. No clear relationship could be established between chromosome number of pollen and the proportion of long and short chromosomes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6355K) -
V. Cytology of a N. pseudonarcissus L.×N. poeticus cultivar ‘Whitewell’J. L. Karihaloo, A. K. Koul1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 275-281
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーN. pseudonarcissus×N. poeticus hybrid variety ‘Whitewell’ is triploid with 21 chromosomes. Except for minor differences in chromosome length and arm ratio, the three genomes of the variety are quite similar. Male meiosis reveals preponderance of trivalents; the average association per cell at metaphase I being 6.22 III, 0.78 II, 0.78 I. Close genomic homology of the two species in the face of morphological divergence suggests that their genomic differentiation has not kept pace with phenotypic differentiation. Free gene exchange between the two species accounts for extreme variation in their garden hybrids. Bridge-fragment configurations suggest the involvement of paracentric inversion.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4609K) -
Jolly K. Koshy, P. M. Mathew1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 283-287
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーCytology of eight species of Cleome indigenous to South India has been reported, namely C. aspera (n=11, 12), C. Burmanni (n=11, 12), C. gynandra (n=17), C. monophylla (n=11), C. speciosa (n=18), C. spinosa (n=10, 9), C. tenella (n=11) and C. viscosa (n=10).
Chromosome records show that the members of the genus fall under a wide range of basic series (x=9 to 19) which can be grouped under two classes such as x=9, 10, 11, 12 and x=15, 16, 17, 18, 19. Species based x=10 shows overwhelming preponderance and it is considered that x=10 could be the earlier evolved condition in the genus from which the other basic series in the former class evolved by ascending and descending aneuploidy. It is also suggested that x=10 was possibly originated from an ancestral x=5 condition. The species in the latter class of basic numbers are considered to be tertiary conditions evolved by polyploidy on x=10, followed by progressive aneuploid reduction.
The chromosome data indicate that polyploidy and widespread aneuploidy may have played significant role in speciation and evolution of the genus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2188K) -
N. Dayal, S. N. Singh1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 289-300
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーMeiosis has been studied in four cultivars of the garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) and their inbred families (I1-I2) in order to see the effect of inbreeding on chromosome behaviour. Inbred families showed greater meiotic irregulatities at metaphase I and anaphase I than the cultivars. Main types of meiotic chromosome abnormalities were: bad orientation of bivalents, desynapsis, stickiness and the presence of univalents at metaphse I, and the presence of laggards, bridges and abnormal segregation of chromosomes at anaphase I. Besides, the inbred families have a more asynchronous meiosis and two nucleoli at diakinesis. Chromosome mosaicism i.e. the presence of 8, 10 and 12 bivalents within the anthers of the same plant was a characteristic feature of this species. Inbreeding also reduced the mean chiasma frequency at diakinesis in all the cultivars; the inbred families have significantly lower mean chiasma frequency than the cultivars. Some of the inbred families differed significantly among themselves as well as from the cultivars in meiotic chromosome behaviour. Abnormal meiosis in the inbred families may be regarded as an index of inbreeding depression in chromosome behaviour, since meiosis is an expression of chromosome phenotype.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5287K) -
Joseph Jose, Arun Kumar Sharma1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 301-310
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーFifty three taxa have been studied during the present investigation, including eight species of Piper and nine of Peperomia. In Piper chromosome numbers ranging from 2n=24 to 195 have been found and polyploidy has been shown to be an important factor in evolution. The species of Piper studied here have multiples of 13, except P. cubeba L.f. which is deep-seated for the genus. However in P. cubeba L.f. n=12 chromosomes may represent the basic set from which n=13 might have been derived and this number became deep-seated in the species of Piper, possibly due to selective advantage. All the species of Piper except P. cubeba L.f. show a gross uniformity in the karyotype. However, differences in the number of nucleolar chromosomes have been recorded.
In Peperomia, eight taxa have shown 2n=22 chromosomes, whereas in P. nummularifolia H.B.K. and P. pellucida H.B.K. 2n=23 and 2n=44 chromosomes are seen respectively. In the genus Peperomia the basic set of n=11 chromosomes is pronounced. The karyotype is characterised by relatively larger chromosomes than that of the genus Piper. The species of Peperomia differ in minute details of karyotype, suggesting the role of minute structural alterations in evolution.
Cytologically the two genera Peperomia and Piper are quite distinct from each other. These evidences taken in conjunction with the data obtained from anatomy, morphology, palynology, embryology and floral biology, support the separation of the two genera into two different families under Piperales as Peperomiaceae and Piperaceae, as done by certain taxonomists, with Peperomia repre-senting a primitive state in evolution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (669K) -
M. F. Turchini, O. Mathe, P. Malet, J. P. Turchini1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 311-318
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーAction of Vindesine Sulfate on the Ultrastructural Aspect of Human Metaphasic Lymphocytes Chromosomes
The vindesine sulfate substituted to colchicine in human lymphocytes cultures induces a growing number of cell divisions with modified patterns of the metaphasic plates. Chromosome spiralization and alteration of the chromosomic fiber are observed in photonic and electronic microscopy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7707K) -
Ajay Kumar Bariar1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 319-322
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1777K) -
O. Mathe, G. Briancon, M. F. Turchini, A. Geneix, P. Malet1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 323-331
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーLes auteurs ont voulu montrer l'intérêt des techniques cytogénétiques en examen direct pour l'établissement d'un diagnostic de la malignaté dans les cellules d'épanchement néoplasique ascitique ou pleural.
Les critères retenus sont:
-anomalie de nombre: hyperploïdie ou hypoploïdie,
-anomalie de structure chromosomique: marqueurs (dicentriques, acrocentriques et autres) anneaux, figures d'échanges.
The authors describe cytogenetic techniques for malignancy diagnosis. These methods are applied to ascittic and pleural cells. Results improved interest of cytogenetic examination.
The major signs of malignancy are:
- number anomalies: hyper or hypoploids,
- structural donations: markers (dicentric, acrocentric and other rearrangments) exchange figures.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6610K) -
M. R. Vijayaraghavan, Tripat Kapoor1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 333-340
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe two cells, basal and chalazal endosperm chamber in Potamogeton nodosus, although have different ontogeny and ploidy, yet reveal identical metabolic activity and cytochemical behaviour during progressive stages of embryogenesis.
At the globular proembryo stage, in the basal cell as well as in the chalazal endosperm cell, numerous nucleolar bodies aggregate at the periphery of the nucleus. The nuclei of both the cells at the monocot embryo stage, become deeply-lobed and produce nucleolar extrusions. These nucleolar bodies during later embryogenesis migrate into the cytoplasm, stain for proteins, RNA and are also Feulgenpositive. The phenomenon of nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction is, thus revealed. Such a phenomenon may help in the stopage of cytokinesis in the basal cell and the chalazal endosperm chamber (cell) in Potamogeton nodosus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4305K) -
A. R. P. Sinha1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 341-346
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe phenomenon of ‘Cytomixis’ during microsporogenesis in 11 species belonging to 8 genera of the family Scrophulariaceae are reported. In almost all the species except Lindenbergia indica the phenomenon has been reported for the first time. The phenomenon has been observed in the material collected from natural populations. Number of chromatin material migrating from one PMC to another vary from one to entire. Normally only two PMCs were seen involved at a time, but in some cases 4 to 7 PMCs were seen involved in the phenomenon at a time, forming a chain or a group. As a rule the flow of chromatin material from one PMC to another was found to be unidirectional but sometimes, a PMC has been seen passing its chromatin material to two different PMCs in two different directions at a time. Different possible reasons pertaining to this phenomenon and its significance to evolution has been discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2356K) -
P. Sukhadev, P. S. Janake, J. V. V. S. N. Murthy, M. V. S. Rao, V. Man ...1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 347-350
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1774K) -
II. Meiotic studies in six species and their varietiesVijeshwar Verma, S. N. Sobti1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 351-359
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーMeiotic studies in six Indian Cymbopogon species and their varieties/chemotypes were made from pollen mother cells. The investigated taxa included 5 diploids (2n=20), one tetraploid (2n=40) and two hexaploids (2n=60). Both diploids as well as hexaploids exhibited fairly normal meiosis with ten and thirty bivalents formation, respectively. However, the tetraploid species (C. martinii var. sofia, 2n=40) showed peculiar meiosis by forming multivalent configurations like quadrivalents and hexavalents, suggesting a segmental polyploid nature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4217K) -
A. A. Al-Saleh, Jameela, M. A. Khan1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 361-365
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーDiploid chromosome number of the male grasshopper Poekilocerus bufonius was found to be 19(18+X). All the chromosomes were acrocentric. The sex chromosome was found to be the largest in the gonial chromosomes and has a constriction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3511K) -
Mitsuharu Miyawaki, Yoko Taketomi, Shinji Mishima1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 367-372
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe basement membrane of the midgut of a freshwater shrimp, Caridina denticulata, is studied in electron microscopy and in histochemistry. The amorphous layer of the basement membrane is kept complicated contact with reticular network of the underlying connective tissue cells. There is a thin bounding membrane at the margin of the amorphous layer separable easily during the preparation procedure. Thus, the basement membrane of the midgut has remained a possibility of a specialized ectoplasm of the connective tissue cells. It means that the basement membrane is not a product of the epithelial cells, but is a part of the connective tissue cells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2599K) -
Syôiti Satô, Misuzu Nagano-Baba1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 373-385
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe fine structure of the spermatid in Conocephalum conicum has been studied comparatively by freeze-fracture replicas and ultrathin sections by means of transmission electron microscope. Chromatin fibrils in the nucleus offered the beaded like shape consisting of 10-25nm, granules. The distribution of the pore complexes in the nuclear envelope was localized in partly; and the intercalated particles were denser in the inner membrane of nuclear envelope. The intrastructure of cytoplasmic organelles, Golgi complex and intravacuolar vesicles have been reseached. The intravacuolar vesicles, similar to the lysosome, were examined by size and distribution of intramembrane particles in the fractured membrane.
The base (the spline) of the blepharoplast was revealed as layered structure by freeze-fracturing at an oblique direction. And the mark of the filamentous appendage remained in the cell membrane. It is thought that the filamentous appendage develops along some region of the cell membrane. Freeze-fractured flagellum has the enclosed membrane intercalated by particles. The cell wall surrounding two spermatids which developed from a spermatid mother cell, consists of two layers. Its outer layer is made up of cellulose microfibrils. The septum between sister spermatids showed the microfibrillar network pattern.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (16294K) -
Complexes of Vitamin B6 on Cell DivisionN. M. Moussa, A. Kabarity, S. Mazrooei, M. S. El-Ezaby1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 387-396
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーEthionine inhibited the growth, cell division and nucleic acids synthesis of E. coli B-766, while accelerated mitotic division of human lymphocytes. Adenine enhanced the inhibitory action of ethionine to the growth and nucleic acids synthesis in E. coli, while produced a normal rate of cell division in lymphocytes. The inhibition by Pd (P.H)2 Cl2 (P=Pyridoxol) complex of the growth in E. coli and lymphocytes was partially counteracted by addition of ethionine to E. coli cultures and was abolished completely in human lymphocytes. The effect of Pd (PL. H) Cl2 (PL=Pyridoxal) complex, another potent inhibitor to growth and cell division of E. coli and human lymphocytes, was reduced by addition of ethionine to E. coli culture containing the complexes while addition of ethionine to lymphocytes culture containing the same complex accelerated the rate of cell division.
Adenine reduced the inhibitory action of Pd (II) complexes on the growth and nucleic acids synthesis of E. coli B-766. The same effect was observed when adenine was added to cultures containing ethionine plus the Pd (II) complexes. The spectral analysis indicated a kind of interaction between ethionine and the Pd(II) complexes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (649K) -
I. Cytological and cytochemical observations on the bodies appearing in the seedling hypocotyls of radish plantsHitoshi Yasuda, Hidehiko Shinoda1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 397-403
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーMicrochemical and cytochemical tests were conducted on the red spherical bodies appearing in the seedling hypocotyls of a radish cultivar (Rhaphanus sativus L.), “Kohaku”.
In the fresh material of the hypocotyls the red body was broken down by the treatments with weak acids and alkalines, and also showed negative color change with Fehling's reaction and iodine-potassium iodine reaction.
In the paraffin sections clear stainings of the spherical bodies were obtained from the following dyes: safranin, both of basic and acidic fuchsins, fast green, methyl blue, orange G and aceto-carmine. However, negative results were given with methylene blue in both of alcohol and water, ruthenium red, sudan III, toluidine blue and nile blue.
From these results it is conceivable that the spherical body has some special properties of cytoplasm.
The relationship between the appearance of the body and the formation of anthocyanin was discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3285K) -
Sinan Tas, Benjamin Drewinko, Lewis V. Rodriguez, Jose M. Trujillo1985 年 50 巻 2 号 p. 405-415
発行日: 1985/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーNuclear DNA-protein complexes (DPC's) obtained by lysis of lymphocytes with nonionic detergents in the presence of varying concentrations of NaCl showed readily visualized decondensations following treatment with S-S reducing agents. Magnitudes of these decondensations were significantly greater with lymphocytes from normal individuals compared to acute or chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells from every patient tested. Control experiments indicated that decondensations occurred not through DNA strand breakage or indirect action, but most likely through reduction of S-S bonds present in DPC's. This alteration of DPC structure in leukemic cells may relate to their potentially unlimited proliferative lifespan and altered genomic regulation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4449K)
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