巻号一覧
51 巻 (1986)
- 4 号 p. 631-
- 3 号 p. 421-
- 2 号 p. 211-
- 1 号 p. 1-
51 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の24件中1～24を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini, Raymundo Hernández, Ma. de los Ange ...1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 211-218
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーTradescantia clone 02 was used as a biological test system to compare the mutagenic effects of some solvents as ethanol, chloroform, thinner in vapour forms and those previously obtained with methanol.
Frequencies of pink mutations obtained during the 7th to 16th days after treatment with the solvents were compared. The analysis of the results pointed out that Tradescantia was sensitive to the mutagenic effects of ethanol. Meanwhile chloroform and thinner vapours produced mutations frequencies similar to the spontaneous one.
According to the results, ethanol and methanol were included in the same group of mutagens, weaker than SO2, NO2 and vinyl chloride and specially than powerful mutagens such as ethyl methanesulfonate and 1, 2-dibromoethane.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (550K) -
Jayanti Sengupta, G. C. Mitra, A. K. Sharma1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 219-224
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーChromosomal behaviour in cultured cells of Dioscorea foribunda Mart. and Gall. (2n=36) was studied progressively from the time of initiation to one year old cul-tures maintained in different hormonal regimes. Cytological analysis of the cultured cells revealed a heterogenous population of dividing cells with both euploid and aneuploid chromosome numbers in all cases. Gradual polyploidization with in-creasing age of the callus has been recorded. Multipolar anaphase, budded cell with chromosomes migrating from mother cell to the daughter bud and multi-nucleate cells were observed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4085K) -
M. K. Khosla, S. N. Sobti1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 225-234
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーInterspecific hybrids were produced between O. gratissimum (2n=40) and O. viride (2n=40). F1 hybrids were highly sterile and fertility was induced by treating the young developing shoots with colchicine. The amphidiploids with 2n=80 chromosomes were fertile like the parents. The F1 hybrids were more vigorous in growth and showed heterosis for most of their vegetative characters. The amphidiploids showed gigantism for both vegetative as well as for their floral characters but their height is little shorter than the F1 hybrids. The leaves of the amphidiploids are dark green, thicker and larger than the leaves of F1 hybrids.
F1 hybrids showed irregular meiosis with 1.4% to 1.9% seed set whereas the meiosis is normal in the synthesized amphidiploids with 68% to 75% seed set. The present investigation also revealed that there is a homology between one of the two genomes present in each of the species of O. gratissimum and O. viride and the genomes are classified as A+B in O. giratissimum and A'+C in O. viride.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3330K) -
Y. Lydia Prasad, K. G. Raja Rao1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 235-239
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーStudies concerning the chromosome behaviour of autotriploids and aneuploids in Physalis L. are meagre. Autotriploids in this genus were obtained for the first time by crossing induced tetraploids of P. pubescens L. (2n=4x=48) with their diploid progenitors. Morphologically these were intermediate in size. At dia-kinesis trivalents, bivalents and univalents were encountered. The mean chiasma frequency was less than one and half times when compared to the corresponding diploids. Meiotic irregularities such as occurrence of non-orientation of uni-valents and bivalents at metaphase I, few laggards and unequal distribution of chromosomes at anaphase I etc. were observed. The plants were partly pollen and seed sterile.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1994K) -
U. R. Murty, M. R. Jahnavi1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 241-250
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーAn attempt was made to find out the possible donor of the ‘A’ genome in Arachis hypogaea. For this, the chromosome morphology at pachytene was studied in Arachis correntina (Burk) Krap. et Greg. (Unpub. PI 331194) a diploid member of section Arachis. A comparison was also made of chromosome associations at meiotic metaphase I, chiasma frequencies, meiotic abnormalities, pollen fertilities and agronomical features of triploid, tetraploid and hexaploid derivatives from the two crosses A. hypogaea×A. correntina and A. hypogaea×A. chacoense. Pachytene chromosome morphology of A. correntina conformed to the ‘A’ genome of A. hypogaea. The derivatives also did not differ from each other. The tetraploid derivatives were similar to those of A. hypogaea parent for the various characters studied, except for the fact that the derivatives had leaf spot and rust resistance incorporated into them from the wild species. It was concluded that A. correntina could also be a donor of the ‘A’ genome and that genomic differences between section Arachis diploid species with the exception of A. batizocoi are not much pronounced.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2493K) -
R. V. S. Rao, K. Rangaswami Ayyangar, R. Sampathkumar1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 251-260
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーCritical karyotype analyses have been carried out in 23 taxa of Balsaminaceae. The karyotypes are reminiscent of the Carex pattern indicating the operation of aneuploidy in the chromosome evolution of this family. It is suggested that secon-dary basic numbers such as 7, 9 and 10 have evolved from a primary basic number of x=8. This has led to the carving out of a probable model of chromosome phylogeny.
Hydrocera stands aloof in view of its distinctive karyotype and circumscribed distribution. The chromosome physiognomies of Impatiens leschenaultii and I. latfolia are an index of their intimate affinity.
The significant role of karyological inquiry in the assessment of phylogenetic kinship has been indicated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5680K) -
I. Limnophila R. BrR. Chandran, K. V. Bhavanandan1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 261-270
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe cytology of six taxa in five species of Limnophila viz. L. aromatica (n=17), L. hypericifolia (n=17), L. indica (n=17), L. chinensis (n=34), L. chinensis var. glabra (n=34) and L. conferta (n=34) has been studied. The chromosome numbers of these taxa except L. aromatica and L. indica are reported for the first time. 2n=34 in L. aromatica forms a new chromosome count. Secondary association of bi-valents has been encountered in L. aromatica and L. indica. On the basis of evi-dence from the secondary association, x=4 has been suggested to be the probable original basic chromosome number of the genus Limnophila. Somatic chromo-somes of all the six taxa have been studied and the karyotypes are characterized by small sized chromosomes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2347K) -
S. K. Gupta, S. K. Roy1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 271-277
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーBiological damage sensu cytogenetical alterations was systematically scored in a diploid (P. ixocarpa), and a tetraploid (P. peruviana) species of Physalis after different doses of gamma-irradiation and evaluated on the parameters of pollen and plant sterility.
There was a gradual reduction in the survival of seedlings which was realized more in P. ixocarpa than in P. peruviana. The meiotic abnormalities affected normal pollen formation, thereby contributing to pollen sterility and concomitantly to plant sterility. The sterility of pollen and plant were interconnected and related with the employed radiation doses in M1 and M2 generation. But their frequencies were fewer in M2 than M1. The overall response of the two species to any partic-ular dose of radiation was different, but the interesting point that emerged is that the meiotic abnormalities and pollen sterility were greater in tetraploid species, whereas plant sterility was more in the diploid. Significance of these observations have been discussed. An overall assessment was that the diploid species is more radiosensitive than the tetraploid one.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (412K) -
S. S. Choudhary, S. M. Sajid1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 279-288
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーMeiotic studies in Bavistin (a systemic fungicide) sprayed plants of Pisum sativum L. cv. BR/12 and P. sativum L. cv T/169 were made with a view to assess the effects of fungicide on chiasma frequencies upto M2 generations. The recom-mended dose i.e. 0.2% aqueous solution of Bavistin and higher dose i.e. 0.4 aqueous solution were sprayed on two cultivars of pea. 0.2% aqueous solution of Bavistin has caused a decrease in number of ring bivalents as well as number of chiasmata per nucleus formed in P. sativum cv. BR/12. Average chiasmata per bivalent were also lower in comparison to control.
An increase in number of ring bivalent formation in M2 generation of 0.4% Bavistin treated P. sativum cv. T/169 was recorded. Average chiasmata per bivalent and total number of chiasmata per nucleus formed were also higher. Lower/ higher number of ring bivalent/chiasmata formed have been shown to be significant by ‘t’ test value. The increase/decrease in the total number of chiasmata per nucleus formed may be due to i) change in general metabolism of cellular system or ii) failure of parts of chromosome pairing or iii) change in chromatin length due to spiralisation induced by Bavistin. Thus, Bavistin may be termed as recombinogenic and its meiotic effects are specific as have been recorded in two cultivars of pea in the present investigation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2227K) -
Animesh K. Datta, Amal K. Biswas1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 289-299
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーQuantitative variations regarding germination, survival, plant height, number of primary and total branches per plant, capsule length and chamber per fruit, filled seeds per capsule, seed size (length and thickness), 100-seed weight, harvest index and sterility types (flower, capsule, pollen and seed) were assessed in control and eight mutant types-lax branching, feathery leaf, bushy, early flowering, prostrate, dwarf, brown seed-coat and viridis in M2, M3 and M4 generations. Year to year variations in yield attributing traits among control plants were studied. Analysis of variance performed in control and M4 mutant lines revealed significant variations in most of the phenotypic traits.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (547K) -
N. K. Patra1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 301-308
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーCytomixis involving mostly the additional micronucleus was observed in only pollen mother cells of Panax pseudo-ginseng subsp. himalaicus Hara. The micro-nucleus comprised three associated single chromosomes. Heterochromatic ele-ments(s) in these chromosomes may be responsible for this unusual cytomixis. Such micronuclear cytomixis, its rare effect on normal nucleus and other undefined but plausible factor(s) like misdivisions in binucleate PMCs might account for large derangement of chromosome number in this plant. Erroneous cell divisions in absence of cytomixis hava been suggested as a possible factor in causing small deviations in chromosomal counts in somatic cells of otherwise cytomictic individuals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3164K) -
Animesh K. Datta, Amal K. Biswas1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 309-317
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーFour extremely dwarf plants having identical leaf phenotype as their progenitor were recovered from the selfed progeny of the feathery leaf mutant isolated in the M2 generation following 2 hours treatment with 0.5% EMS. Meiotic studies revealed the characteristic presence of paired fragments in the parent (M2) and multi-valents in the dwarf mutant plants (M3). Such dwarf mutant plants have been designated as “telescopic mutant” by the authors. Multivalents noted in the telescopic mutant plants have arisen possibly due to deletion in the M2 plant, followed by an inter-change. Four such telescopic mutant plants could be raised in the selfed M3 progeny of the telescopic plants; one of which showed prevalence of ring like multivalent (quadrivalent) associations but the others forming normal bivalents. The cyto-genetically marked M4 telescopic mutant was found to be semi-sterile. Origin of the telescopic mutant line has been ascribed to deficiency of genes as an outcome of chromosomal deletion in the parent.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (8416K) -
S. K. Gupta, S. K. Roy1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 319-324
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーUsing colchicine (0.2%) as the polyploidizing agent colchiploid Nicandra physaloides was raised. The induced autoploids were evaluated on such parameters, as morphology, cytology, pollen and plant sterility. The colchicine was given either by soaking the seeds in the solution or by wetting cotton plugs with the solution placed on apical meristems. Treated plants initially showed impaired growth which later improved and ultimately showed gigantism. The pollen grains and stomata, however, were consistently bigger in size.
Despite the presence of multiple homologues, the autotetraploids tended to avoid multivalent formation and produced exclusively bivalents which appeared to help normal disjunction of chromosomes at anaphase. Yet, abnormalities appeared due to the mutagenic effect of the chemical; the consequences of these being in-creased pollen sterility which lowered plant fertility. From the seeds of C1, C2 plants could be generated but majority of them showed reversion to the diploid state. The gigas characters of C1 also tended to lessen in C2 generation. Con-comitantly a general improvement in pollen and plant fertility was noticed in this generation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (416K) -
Pratibha Dixit, D. K. Dubey1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 325-331
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーDry and dormant seeds of lentil (Lens culinaris Med.) var.T.36 were soaked separately in varying concentrations of EMS, NMU and DES. Study of meiosis in plants raised from these seeds revealed that a high frequency of translocations leading to multivalent associations involving varying number of chromosomes were induced in all the treatments. In case of all the three mutagens percentage of PMCs showing meiotic anamolies increased with the increase in concentration upto a certain level but decreased above it. The effects of mutagens in enhancing the chromosomal aberrations were in the order: NMU>EMS>DES抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4291K) -
C. B. Sehgal, Varsha Gandhi1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 333-339
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーHistochemical localization of insoluble polysaccharides, total proteins, DNA and RNA has been made on developing pod walls of Cajanus cajan, Vigna mungo and Vigna radiata. The concentration of polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids is high during the early stages of development, however, it declines gradually as the seed matures. Function of the pericarp, on the basis of the present data and previous studies, is discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6315K) -
III. DNA amount and radiosensitivityM. Z. Haque, M. B. E. Godward1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 341-348
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーEstimation of DNA amounts (in arbitrary units) in two genera, two species, and three cultivars of one species, permits comparison between them and indicates that the biggest difference is between the two genera, Lactuca and Cichorium; but that the difference between the cultivars of Lactuca sativa is greater than the differ-ence between Lactuca serriola and the mean for Lactuca sativa. Lactuca serriola is a presumed ancestor of Lactuca sativa. The most radiosensitive species, L. serriola, has slightly less DNA and smaller nuclear volume than the next most sensitive, L. sativa cult. Cos. This is discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (465K) -
IV. Effects of seed-irradiation on mitosisM. Z. Haque, M. B. E. Godward1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 349-357
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe germination time under standard conditions was determined in control material of three cultivars of Lactuca sativa and L. serriola, and also the time of first nuclear division from dormancy, together with mitotic index at stated times from onset of mitosis. The effect of seed irradiation on the mitotic index and on the production of anaphase bridges at the same dose in the different cultivars or species was investigated. Results are presented as histograms and/or tables. The order of sensitivity to radiation of two of the cultivars of L. sativa and L. serriola, determined by growth inhibition studies, not presented, was as follows:
most resistant Tom Thumb
less resistant Cos }L. sativa
least resistant (most sensitive) L. serriola
More aberrations were produced at the same dose in the sensitive species. The results are discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2249K) -
VI. Meiotic systems in some taxaP. K. Srivastav, S. N. Raina1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 359-373
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーMale meiosis was studied in sixteen species. Thirteen species were diploids. In T. purpurea and T. hamiltonii both diploid and tetraploid races were meiotically investigated. The present data together with the earlier data show that the gametic numbers recorded in the genus so far are n=10, 11, 18 and 22. Taking mitotic data also into consideration the series runs as n=10, 11, 12, 16, 18 and 22. It is important to note, however, that barring T. hookeriana all the 32 species, inves-tigated have one gametic number n=11 in common. The unrelated numbers (n=10, 12, 16, 18) are considered to be wrong reports or at the most study of one time aberrant plants and it is concluded that the genus Tephrosia is monobasic with x=11.
The occurrence of 2-6 univalents in a few PMCs in eight species has been ascribed to early separation of synapsed homo/homeologues and/or precocious separation of rod bivalents. The presence of 0-22 univalents and their overall average of 5.37 per cell in T. uniflora ssp. petrosa has been attributed to desynapsis. Very low quadrivalent average and high bivalent frequency per cell in the three tetraploid species (T. purpurea, T. pumila, T. hamiltonii) is indicative of their hybrid origin.
Besides gene mutation, the divergence and evolution of Tephrosia species was accompanied by chromosomal repatterning. The mechanisms responsible for detectable and undetectable chromosomal repatterning are peri- and paracentric inversions, cryptic structural hybridity, deletion and translocations. Hybridization is another important factor responsible for divergence. Polyploidy, present only in a few taxa, has played role in the stabilization of hybrids.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7602K) -
Ashok Kumar Giri, Tara Shankar Banerjee1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 375-380
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーPhyllanthus emblica Linn., a rich source of vitamin C, has been shown to reduce the clastogenic and mitostatic activities of different known mutagens. It reduces the chromosomal abnormalities induced by metanil yellow and zinc chloride. Fur-ther, it antagonises both the spindle disturbance and chromosomal abnormalities caused by ethyl parathion. The antagonistic action of the extract is greater than the dose of synthetic vitamin C equivalent in amount of vitamin C present in the extract. This is presumably due to the presence of the other natural ingredients in the herbal extract.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (387K) -
G. Palomino, P. Mercado, T. P. Ramamoorthy1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 381-386
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーKaryotypes of 5, and chromosome numbers for 6 species of Salvia subgenus Calosphace, all belonging to Mexico, are reported. A review of the literature and the present study indicate that the genus is polybasic; it is suggested that many groups in different parts may have had polyploid origins. For the first time telo-and subtelocentric chromosomes are reported in the genus. Also, the report of hexaploidy in the genus is the first report of its kind. Voucher information:
Salvia mexicana. México, Morelos, Tres Marías, Ramamoorthy and Bye 3327 (MEXU).
Salvia lupulina. México, Michoacán, La Huacana, Carmen S. 3429 (MEXU).
Salvia hidalgensis. México, Hidalgo, Barranca de Tolantongo, Ramamoorthy et al. 4704 (MEXU).
Salvia gravida. México, Michoacán, Coalcoman, Ramamoorthy et al. 4705 (MEXU).
Salvia uruapana México, Michoacán, Tumbiscatio, Carmen S. 3618 (MEXU).
Salbia lavanduloides. México, Morelos, Tres Marías, Ramamoorthy and Bye 3325 (MEXU).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1932K) -
T. K. Pandita1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 387-392
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe insecticide Metasystox-R was screened in Allium cepa multiple assay test for mutagenic activity. Its potential ability to effect on seed germination, cyto-genetic activity and pollen fertility was evaluated. The insecticide was able to induce immediate genotoxic effects but the same were not carried through develop-ment as in long term no genotoxic effects were observed by the progeny test. The results support the view that the insecticide is genotoxic, but the use of this insec-ticide may not affect the plant breeder and the user of seed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (390K) -
Morphological, anatomical and cytological investigations in cultivar RFS-135N. K. Dwivedi, A. K. Sikdar, S. B. Dandin, C. R. Sastry, M. S. Jolly1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 393-401
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーTetraploidy was successfully induced in mulberry cultivar RFS-135 (male), with 0.3 and 0.4% colchicine applied to sprouting buds for 6 and 8 hours for three consecutive days. The tetraploids are characterized by stunted growth, large, thick, coarse and dark green leaves, elongated and broad petiole and long inflorescences. Considerable increase in respect of stomatal chloroplast, weight and water content of leaves and pollen diameter and reduction in frequency of stomata per unit area, number of primary branches and internodal distance have been recorded. Meiosis is irregular. Various types of chromosomal associations, presence of univalents, unequal distribution and precocious movement of chromosomes, laggards, bridges at metaphase I and II, cytomixis at metaphase I and at dyad stage and varying number of microspores have been frequently observed in the PMCs. The reduced pollen fertility has been attributed to the loss of chromatin material due to meiotic abnormalities and multivalent associations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3898K) -
A. P. Singh1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 403-411
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe cytoplasm of the primary vascular parenchyma cells of Pinus radiata short shoots contains proteinaceous deposits which appear granular in composition and are not membrane limited. ER-derived sacs containing proteinaceous material and showing breaks in their limiting membrane are often found in proximity to proteinaceous deposits. Stages suggestive of the transformation of rough ER into sacs are identifiable. It is suggested that ER-derived sacs migrate to a site in the cytoplasm where they release their contents following the rupture of their limiting membrane.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (9827K) -
S. K. Bhatnagar, Meenakshi Johri1986 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 413-419
発行日: 1986/06/25
公開日: 2009/03/19
ジャーナル フリーCytotaxonomic studies in the genus Tolypella (T. nidjca var. glomerata (Desv. in Lois.) Leonh. em. R. D. W.) have been conducted for the first time from Indian subcontinent and a chromosome count of n=11 has been established in this taxon. The hybridized origin of 11chromosome number and the concept of three basic chromosome numbers for this genus as suggested by Sawa (1974) have been upheld. The phylogenetic status of Tolypella has also been discussed in detail.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2072K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|