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Article type: Cover
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Cover
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Index
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
1-4
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Shigeo YONEDA
Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
485-488
Published: March 15, 1956
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Experiments were made with heavy clay polder soils to establish the methods for determining the moisture contents corresponding to their plastic limit or liquid limit. To find the plastic limit, the soil was molded into small cylindrical briquette; and the strength crushing this briquette was measured. The Experiment was repeated at several amounts of moisture, which was changed decreasingly until the briquett began to cracks and fell to pieces. The liquid limit was determined by the CASAGRANDE'S liquid limit device. The results obtained with standard soil, CaSO_4-and Krilium-treated soil and pastured soil showed that the afore-mentioned methods seem to offer the useful means for characterizing the soil tilth.
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
488-
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Keizaburo KAWAGUCHI, Yoshiro MATSUO
Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
489-492
Published: March 15, 1956
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The relationships between free oxides and total oxides in the profiles of dry rice fields in polder lands of the Kojima-basin, Okayama pref. are reported. The distributions of free oxides in these soils were set forth in the previous report. The amounts of total oxides were determined by the HF-treatment, as Fig. 1. The differences between the amount of total oxide and that of free oxide and the ratios of free oxide in each soil were calculated as to iron & manganese, as illustrated in Fig. 2. Next, the amounts of free oxide were compared with that of total oxide, in furrow slice of each soil, as given in Table 2. Ratios of the amounts of free oxides in the maximum accumulation horizon to those in furrow slice were calculated, as given in Table 3.
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Zenzaburo KASAI, Azuma OKUDA
Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
493-496
Published: March 15, 1956
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The translocation of P^<32> absorbed at fruiting stage were investigated. The crops used in this experiments were grown by sand culture. 1. Rape plants accumulated P^<32> in seeds during three weeks after flowering, then accumulation declined rapidly. 2. P^<32> absorbed at ripening stage is uniformly distributed to each branch in the case of normal culture, but P^<32> accumulated unevenly at low phosphorus supply. 3. We found that P^<32> absorbed by the sesame plant translocated into seeds through leaves and husk. The P^<32> was found in the ether soluble fraction (phosphatide) of the seed in only 5 hrs. after treatment.
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Shingo MITSUI, Masao NAKAGAWA, Akira BABA, Kiyoshi TENSHO, Kikuo KUMAZ ...
Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
497-501
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In a series of the study on the nutrients uptake by crop plants, a dynamic Plant root-Fertilizer particle-Soil colloid relationship was observed in the uptake of phosphoric acid from the fused magnesium phosphate, a kind of hardly water soluble phosphoric fertilizers. Fused magnesium phosphate and superphosphate of lime labelled with P^<32> corresponding to 30 mg water soluble or 2% citric soluble P_2O_5 per beaker, were mixed with 170g of quartz sand and with 0,0.04,0.2,1.0,5.0,25.0g of acid soil (Mikatagahara mineral acid soil, the hydrolytic acidity y_1 of which was 22.5) respectively. In the third series labelled superphosphate was added with 71.3mg precipitated CaCO_3,equivalent to the alkalinity of the fused magnesium phosphate. In each beaker seeds of wheat, pop-corn, small bean and soy-bean were sown and seedlings were grown for 17 days under the condition of artificially controlled light and temperature. The tops were cut off close at the ground, ashed and the intensity of P^<32> radiation was measured by G-M-counter. The results are shown in Table 2 (a), (b). The outstanding difference between the two phosphates was, that by the hardly water soluble fused magnesium phosphate, the P^<32> absorbed by crop plant remarkably increased as the amount of acid soil and inceased up to a point where sudden decline set in, while by the water soluble superphosphate, only gradual decrease in P^<32> absorption occurred with increasing amount of added soil as expected. This latter trend could slightly be modified by the addtion of calcium carbonate, but was unsimilar to the fused manegsium phosphate, where the maximum peak of uptaken phosphoric acid was extraordinary high. The phenomena above mentioned were explained on the basis of a hypothetical consideration of the dynamic relationships among Plant root-Fertilizer particle-Soil colloid. A contact solutional uptake of phosphoric acid, i. e. a cationic contact exchange followed by solution and uptake of phosphoric acid by crop plants was proposed as schematically shown in Fig. 1. This hypothesis was supported by several model expriments in the laboratory as shown in Table 3,4 and a few further experiments not tabled.
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
501-
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Minoru IKEDA, Isamu HARADA, Kaoru TAMURA
Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
502-504
Published: March 15, 1956
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Seasonal variation of three compositional phases of Diluvial, Alluvial and Peat soils were studied. It was found that the annual variation of these three phases are influenced by the climatic condition of the place where those soils develop. The seasonal variations of the three compositional phases of soils are very different owing to the kinds of soils even though they develop in same region. Clay soil shows the following volume in % : 30% of dry soil, 40% of air and 30% of water in crop growing season, and 40%, 20% and 40%, respectively in winter. Loam shows the following volume in % : 30-40% of dry soil, 40-50% of air and l0-20% of water in crop growing season, and 40%, 30% and 30%, respectively in winter. Monthly variations of these three phases of peat soil are very much greater than those of clay soil and loam. With a gradual rise in temperature, volume of air increases, but in winter, peat soil shows the following volume in % : 30-40% of dry soil, 60-70% of water and none of air.
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
504-
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Masao HAMAMOTO, Toshio KAWASAKI
Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
505-508
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The manurial effects of two kinds of citrate soluble phosphatic fertilizers, prepared by the method reported on previous paper, were tested by rice plant. Pot experiments were made with four kinds of soils, having four classes of soil acidity; and the manurial effects of two samples were considered as equal to those of superphosphate and phosphatic fertilizer fused with serpentine.
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
508-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
508-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
508-
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Yasuo TAKAI, Tadashiro KOYAMA
Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
509-512
Published: March 15, 1956
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Determination of gases and organic acids in the soil of paddy field under water-logged condition were made at three periods during the growth of rice plant, for the purpose of exploring microbial metablism in paddy soil. Two soils applied were a badly drained meadow soil and a well drained brown lowland soil (see Table 1). The results obtained may be summarized as follows : 1. The meadow soil contained at every period a larger amount of total gases (except CO_2) than the brown lowland soil. The gas composition of the former was richer in N_2 and CH_4,and defficient in O_2 The composition of latter was similar to that of the former in July and September; but immediately after summer, airing in August caused the presence of O_2 and decreased CH_4. In both fields, H_2 gas content vigorously fluctuated; and this fluctuation seemed to the signifcance of H_2 as a metabolite. 2. When the content of total gases was larger, in the former, percentage of N_2 became to a higher level, but in the latter, that of CH_4 to a higher level. The presence of a larger quantity of N_2 in the former was supposed to be due to the denitrification in the reduced layer of paddy field. 3. The difference in the composition of organic acids between two soils could not be observed; and the acids cosisted mainly of acetic and formic acid. The concentration of organic acids was not different between them in July. However, in September this concentration was higher in the meadow soil than in the brown lowland soil.
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
512-
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Yutaka KAMOSHITA, Kiyoko KOBAYASHI
Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
513-514
Published: March 15, 1956
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Of two soils, alluvial and volcanogenous, mechanical analyses were made after pippet method. (See Table 1) Before these analyses, the soils were brought to have various bases, such as K, Na, Ca, and Mg, also H, in exchangeable form, by being treated with the chloride of each base or with diluted HCl. Of each treated soil, 20g was applied to the analysis. (See Table 2.) By the results of these analyses, it was understood that the degree of dispersion, shown by the amount of determined clay, was conditioned by the kind of exhchangeable base as well as H. Of alluvial soil, the highest dispersion was got by Mg; while, of volcanogenous soil, by Na or H. This difference in bases or cations, which caused the soils to be highly dispersed, was supposed to be due to the difference in the kind of clay in these soils.
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
514-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
514-
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Yutaka KAMOSHITA, Yasushi IWASA, Hisae OKADA
Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
515-516
Published: March 15, 1956
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Iron was extracted from soils by 2% HCl in two ways; one was at room temperature and the other, at 70℃. Fe_2O_3 from the former way was supposed to be mostly from limonite, and that from the latter way, mostly from hematite. As hematite was, in general, less hydrated than limonite, a ratio of Fe_2O_3 of the former to that of the latter (Fe_2O_3,Sol. at 70℃/Fe_2O_3,Sol. at room temp.) was considered to show somewhat the degree of hydration of iron in the soils. From the results of determining this ratio with the soils (see Table 1 and Table 2), it was found that iron was less hydrated in the order : Subsoil of Red soil>Subsoil of Terra rossa>Subsoil of alluvial soil (Gray lowland soil)>Subsoil of volcanic ash soil (Brown forest soil)
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
516-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
516-
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Masami ARAKI, Hiroshi KAWAI, Tsuyoshi IIDA
Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
517-520
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
521-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
521-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
521-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
521-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
522-
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
522-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
522-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
522-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
522-523
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
523-
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
523-
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
523-524
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
524-
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
524-
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
524-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
524-525
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
525-
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
525-
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
525-
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
525-526
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
526-
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
526-
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
526-
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Article type: Article
1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
526-527
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1956 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages
527-
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