Japanese Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Online ISSN : 2424-0583
Print ISSN : 0029-0610
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Volume 65, Issue 4
Displaying 1-29 of 29 articles from this issue
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages Cover1-
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_Cover1
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages Cover2-
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_Cover2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages App1-
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_App1
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  • Ammonia Volatilization from a Soil Added with Nitrogen Fertilizer in Loess Plateau, China
    de Ming HAO, Kazutoshi SAEKI, Satoshi MATSUMOTO
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 373-377
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_373
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    Ammonia volatilization of nitrogen fertilizer added into a soil (Calcic Cambisol) from Loess Plateau in China was investigated in order to control nitrogen loss and to increase the efficiency of added fertilizers. It was found that addition of any kind of ammonium fertilizers (urea, (NH_4)_2CO_3, (NH_4)_2SO_4, and NH_4NO_3) to the soil resulted in ammonia volatilization from the soil. The ammonia volatilizations were smaller with the addition of weakly-acidic salts ((NH_4)_2SO_4 and NH_4NO_3) than lizations were of urea and (NH_4)_2CO_3. Ammonia volalization increased with increase in urea added to the soil. Increase in nitrate-N in the soil was not dependent on the amount of urea added. The maximum efficiency is expected by minimum addition of N-fertilizer to soil. Simultaneous addition of organic materials suppressed ammonia volatilization to some extent. The suppression effect was different in aging of organic materials, indicating that organic acid produced in aging would be effective in suppressing ammonia volatilization.
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  • Monitoring of Dry Deposition Rates by a Foliar Extraction Method Using Potted Young Trees
    Toshio SAKUMA, Hiroyuki DOMOTO, Fuyuki SATOH, Sin KOBAYASHI, Yumiko TA ...
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 378-384
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_378
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    A foliar extraction method using potted young trees was studied and its feasibility was tested in the field. The leaching process of polluted sample trees was described well by a two-component exponential equation. The first component was characterized by very high initial concentration and the larger value of attenuation coefficient and, moreover, it was not observed when sample trees were kept in a clean atmosphere. It was apparent that the first component is caused by the leaching from "external" sources and can be regarded as a measure of dry deposition rates. To reduce the effect of "internal "source, the amount of leaching water has to be reduced as much as possible. In the case of small young trees, the "external" was almost completed by spraying 1.25 L plant^<-1> of water, 6-10 mm in water depth. It was also noticed in the field observation that very frequent extractions accelerated dry deposition due probably to changes of leaf surface characteristics, e.g. wettability and erosion of wax and/or cutin layers. A relatively long averaging period of more than 10 d was recommended to avoid overestimation due to the acceleration effects. The variation of dry deposition rates due to the shape and size of sample trees were dependent closely upon the leaf area index and crown basal area, and more than 80% of it was explained by these two parameters. The field tests were successfully conducted at Tomakomai and Teshio. For the most pollutantions, especially for anthropogenic ones, dry deposition rates at Tomakomai were apparently higher than those at Teshio but their proportions to bulk deposition rates were less than 15% at both sites.
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  • The Non-Tillage Rice Culture by Single Application of Fertilizer in a Nursery Box with Controlled-Release Fertilizer
    Yoshihiro KANETA, Hirotoshi AWASAKI, Yutaka MURAI
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 385-391
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_385
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    Single application of fertilizer in a nursery box with sigmoid type of controlled-release coated urea to the non-tillage rice culture was investigated. The soil type was a Gley Soil with poor drainage. The results are as follows : 1) The amount of mineralized nitrogen from non-tillage soil was less than that of conventional tillage soil. 2) The accumulative release rate of total N from coated urea was 2.8 % in 34 d at nursery stage under non-warming condition. 3) the coated urea application increased the number of tillers compared to the compound fertilizer, however total N of the coated of rice plants in the coated urea plot was higher than that of rice plants in the compound fertilizer plot. The recovery of coated urea-N was 79 % at maturity. 5) The root of rice plants in the coated urea plot extended deep into the subsoil. 6) The coated urea application increased the number of total grain and yield compared to the compound fertilizer. It is concluded that the productivity of non-tillage rice culture can be enhanced by single application of fertilizer in a nursery box with sigmoid type of controlled-release coated urea.
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  • Further Characterization of Frankia sp. 13-3-2 and Its Inoculation Tests onto Oobayashabushi (Alnus sieboldiana)
    Tsutomu FUKUMOTO, Kenya ISHIZAWA, Naoki MUTO
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 392-399
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_392
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    Previously, we established an effective method for the isolation and purification of Frankia-like microbial strain from root-nodules of wild Oobayashabushi plants (Alnus sieboldiana) aseptically grown in a test tube. The isolated strain had high activities both in forming root-nodule and in fixing dinitrogen, which enhanced the growth of the host plant in a test tube. In this report, we present a further characterization of the Frankia-like microbial strain which we have named Frankia sp. 13-3-2. We also show the inoculation tests under various environmental conditions. The results obtained are as follows : [1]Taxonomic characters of Frankia sp. 13-3-2 (1) Morphology…The mycelia had branches with no aerial mycelium either in liquid culture condition or on agar one. They form strawberry-shaped or short cylindrical sporangia containing scores of spores. (2) Cell chemistry…Diaminopimelic acid : meso-form ; diagnostic sugars : xylose, galactose and rhamnose ; phospholipid : PI-form ; menaquinone : MK_9(H_4), MK_9(h_6) and MK_9(H_8) ; mycolic acid : undetected. (3) Cultural character…the substrate mycelia and the soluble pigment were grayish yellow-brown (both in liquid and under agar culture conditions). (4) Physiology…O_2 demands : microaerophilic ; growth temperature : range of 20-40℃ ; melanin : not produced : nutritional versatility : utilize various nitrogen and carbon sources. [2]Inoculation tests on Oobayashabushi plants (1) Tube-culture condition (a) Effect of nitrate…The root-nodule formation is inversely related to NO_3^- concentration in culture medium. (b) pH dependency…Test plants began to from nodules at pH 3.6 and all of the test plants bore nodules in the pH range 4.0 to 9.3. (2) Pot culture condition (a) Vermiculite culture…All the plants formed the root-nodules and their growth was remarkably higher than that of control plants. (uninoculated). (b) Soil culture…Nodules were formed in 88% of the test plants, and the nodulated plants showed high nitrogen fixing activity and their growth was markedly higher than that of control plants (uninoculated), of which became yellow, indicating a deficiency of nitrogen. These results indicate clearly the possibility for the utilization of Frankia sp. 13-3-2 to green our environments, by which we can reduce unfavorable loads of chemical fertilizer to the nature.
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  • Effects of Calcium and Magnesium of Nutrient Solution on Their Composition in Leaf Blade of Corn Seedlings
    Hirofumi TANAKA, Taisuke KITA, Hiroshi SANO
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 400-405
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_400
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    Competitive nature between calcium and magnesium absorption in corn (Zea mays L.) seedling was analysed quantitatively. the seedings were raised with aerated nutrient solutions containing calcium chloride or magnesium chloride of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mmol L^<-1> ; calcium series and magnesium series for 4 weeks. The former series contained magnesium chloride and latter contained calcium chloride at 1.5 mmol L^<-1>. After 3 or 4 weeks of culture, the leaf blade, stem and root of the seedlings were analyzed for calcium and magnesium contents. In the calcium series, calcium content increased a little and magnesium content decreased as the calcium concentrations in the nutrient solution were increased. In the magnesium series, magnesium content (ΔCa) in leaf blade grown with a certain calcium concentration was obtained by reducing the calcium content of the leaf blade grown with 0.5 mmol L^<-1> of the element. The reduction of tissue magnesium content (ΔMg) in the tissue was obtained by reducing the magnesium content of the tissue of each pot from the content of the tissue from 0.5 mmol L^<-1>. The average of the ratios, ΔMg/ΔCa was defined as "repression effect" of calcium against magnesium absorption. the values of 18.93±9.31 and 13.42±8.74 for the leaf blades of the 3rd and 4th week were obtained, respectively. The value for magnesium against calcium was calculated in a similar manner. The value of 0.69±0.58 and 0.15±0.05 for the leaf blade of 3rd and 4th week were obtained, respectively. A larger repression effect of calcium for magnesium absorption was obtained. Magnesium had a larger effect on calcium absorption of tomato seedling as reported previously. This contrast may be attributed to the difference in the calcium content in the tissues.
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  • Dry Deposition Flux to Snow Surface and Redistribution of Materials within Snowpack
    Hideaki SHIBATA, Yumiko TANAKA, Toshio SAKUMA
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 406-412
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_406
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    Snowfall and snowpack chemistry was examined in open areas in a forest region in Tomakomai Experiment forest from December, 1991 to April, 1992 to predict the flux of dry deposition to snow surface and the redistribution of materials within the snowpack. Most ions input by snowfall, except for H^+, showed a higher concentration than that of rainfall, but monthly ion load caused by snowfall was similar to that of rainfall. The flux of ions onto snow surface by dry deposition was estimated as the difference between the material amounts accumulated in snowpack (wet+dry deposition) and cumulative load by snowfall (wet deposition only). The calculated dry deposition flux was highest for Cl^- (ca. 100 μmol_c m^<-2> d^<-1>) and followed by Na^+, NH_4^+, SO_4^<2->, K^+ (ca. 20 μmol_c m^<-2> d^<-1>), and it was clarified that dry deposition of SO_4^<2-> was originated from a non-sea salt source. Ions in snowpack moved and redistributed within the snowpack by slight melting at the surface, and it tended to accumulate at the upper layer of granular snow at the higher concentration. Ions which had larger dry deposition flux moved faster within the snowpack and accumulated at the deeper layers.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 412-
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_412
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  • The Relation between Riboflavin Secretion as a Results of Iron Deficiency and Ferric Reducing System on the Plant Root
    Fumie SHINMACHI, Isao HASEGAWA, Jinya YAZAKI
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 413-418
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_413
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    We examined the iron-deficiency response on the plant root. The cucumber root secreted riboflavin as a result of iron deficiency. The riboflavin secretion was recognized in the case of iron deficiency, and was not found in the case of N, P and K deficiency. Moreover, the riboflavin secretion was stopped by iron addition. Iron deficiency cucumber root has been remarkably high ferric reducing activity. Therefore, there activity of iron sufficiency root was not inhibited. Ferric reducing activity on the root was promoted by the addition of riboflavin, and its effect was greater on the iron deficiency root. From the above results, we considered that riboflavin secretion is a peculiar phenomenon on the iron deficiency, and its root has a ferric reducing system to iron uptake. The system is concerned with H^-ATPase and riboflavin metabolism.
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  • Soil Organic Matter Dynamics and Sustainability of Tropical Agriculture, K. Mulongoy and R. Mercks, 406pp., $49,95, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., (Chichester), 1993
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 418-
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_418
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  • Plant Growth Inhibitors of American Hemlock Sawdust and Their Microbial Degradation during Maturation of Compost
    Mutsuyasu NAKAJIMA, Isao HASEGAWA, Michio SUNAIRI, Ichiro HONGO, Jinya ...
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 419-425
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_419
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    Plant grown inhibitors of low molecular weight and high molecular weight were detected in water extract of sawdust of American hemlock. During maturation of compost containing sawdust of American hemlock, these inhibitors disappeared. Five microorganisms isolated from the compost were able to grow on minimal agar plate containing the inhibitors as the sole carbon source. These microorganisms decomposed the plant growth inhibitors of high molecular weight in sawdust of American hemlock as well as the extracted inhibitors.
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  • Effects of Continuous Application of Rice Straw Compost on Humus Forms of Alluvial Upland Soil
    Kazuo ROPPONGI, Tadashi ISHIGAMI, Masato TAKEDA
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 426-431
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_426
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    In a vegetable upland field of a alluvial soil, an experiment was carried out for 23 years on twelve plots in four mineral plot applied nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium and lime, non-fertilizer plot, non-nitrogen plot, non-phosphoric acid plot, non-potassium plot and non-lime plot with compost application of 20 Mg ha^<-1> or non-compost application. Humus forms of the topsoil were investigated in detail. 1) The amount of humus extracted by NaOH was small in the non-fertilizer plot, and large in the non-lime plot. Also, the amount of humus extracted by Napp was large in the non-fertilizer plot and small in the non-lime plot. 2) Humic acid in non-fertilizer plot extracted by NaOH increased ΔlogK value and decreased RF value, as compared with other experimental plot, and humic acid in non-fertilizer plot became the Rp type. 3) The amount of humus extracted by NaOH in compost application plots was much greater than in non-compost application plots, but that in compost application plots extracted by NaPP was the same as in non-compost application plots. 4) ΔlogK value in compost application plots extracted by NaOH was higher than in non-compost application plots. The RF value in compost application plots was smaller than in non-application plots : and by compost application, humic acid became the Rp type from the B type.
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  • Watet Flow in Soils, Tsuyoshi Miyazaki, 16×23.5cm, 312pp., $125, Marcel Dekker, Inc. (New York), 1993
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 431-
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_431
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  • Relationships between Thermal Conductivity and the Amounts of Throughfall and Soil Solution in Light-Colored Andosols under Forest Vegetation
    HIGASHI Teruo, Hideki NISHIDA
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 432-435
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_432
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  • Production of Iron-Enriched Leaf Vegetables with Solution Culture Method
    Koichi INOUE, Kanae TASHIMA, Hiroshi YOKOTA, Takaaki MANABE, Yasuyoshi ...
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 436-440
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_436
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  • Effects of Liming Material Supply on the Soil Solution Composition and the Calcium Content of Brassica napus
    Koji ODAHARA, Shin-Ichiro WADA, Michikazu HIRAMATSU, Yuji MATSUE
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 441-445
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_441
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  • The Control of the Population Density of Cobb-Root-Lesion Nematode in the Japanese Radish Field by Preceding Crop Cassia tora L.
    Junji ITo, Junko FUJIMOTO, Shinnosuke SAWADA, Mitsuo FURUYAMA
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 446-448
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_446
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  • Research Work on Soil Diagnosis to Arable Land, Basal Indexes and Development of Methods 2. : Diagnosis of Soil Chemical Property
    Masashi UWASAWA
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 449-455
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_449
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  • Acid Rain 5. : The Recent Studies on Chemical Monitoring of Acidic Deposition
    Kazuo SHIBANO
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 456-462
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_456
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  • Denitrification in Cultivated Soils
    NISHIO Takashi
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 463-471
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_463
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  • On "2nd International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements" and "9th International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment"
    Teruo ASAMI
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 472-475
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_472
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Bibliography
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 476-480
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_476
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 481-
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_481
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 482-
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_482
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages App2-
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_App2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages Cover3-
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_Cover3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    1994 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages Cover4-
    Published: August 05, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20710/dojo.65.4_Cover4
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