巻号一覧
66 巻 (1995)
- 6 号 p. 599-
- 5 号 p. 465-
- 4 号 p. 1-
- 3 号 p. 203-
- 2 号 p. 99-
- 1 号 p. 1-
前身誌
66 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の32件中1～32を表示しています
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原稿種別: 表紙
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. Cover1-
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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原稿種別: 表紙
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. Cover2-
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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原稿種別: 付録等
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. App1-
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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宮地 直道, 神山 和則, 大塚 紘雄, 粕渕 辰昭原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 465-473
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーWe measured land altitude, surveyed soils and determined the degree of decomposition of peat of marshland, windbreak forests and arable lands in Bibai, central Hokkaido. Marshland and arable land including peat layers and tephra layers showed a difference in subsidence of more than 3m over 40y. The subsidence resulted mainly from compaction, shrinkage and decomposition of the high moor peat layer that mainly consisted of Sphagnum peat. The difference in the annual rate of subsidence between paddy field and upland field was estimated to be 3cm, based on the measurement of the land altitude. A larger surface subsidence for upland field than for paddy field was ascribed to mixing of the sublayer peat with the topdressed mineral soil by deeper plowing and to a larger lowering of the groundwater table than paddy field, both of which may accelerate the decomposition of peat materials. Comparing carbon contents of peat layers at marshland with those at forest land, 80% of organic carbon in the peat layers disappeared after the change of land use from marshland to forest land. Proportional contribution of the decomposition to the whole subsidence and the average annual rate of subsidence over 40y caused by the decomposition were estimated to be 30% and 2cm, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1071K) -
神山 和則, 宮地 直道, 粕渕 辰昭, 大塚 紘雄原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 474-481
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーAfter conversion from paddy use to upland use, various crops have been cultivated and some problems such as land subsidence have been revealed in Ishikari peatland. We collected basic data about the present status of soil topdressing and land use, and then analyzed these data using a geographic information system (GIS) for consideration of sustainable use of arable peatland. 1) High moor peat soils (Hp, Sphagnofiblists) was the largest in the study area and Low moor peat soils (Lp, Medihemists) was the second. Both soils covered more than 50% of the area. The acreage of soil topdressing and volume of topdressed soil were 221.0km^2 and 26.8×10^6m^3,respectively. The average amount of topdressed soil to arable land was 13.7cm in Hp and 9.2cm in Lp. Based on this value, the total volume of topdressed soil in the Ishikari and Sorachi districts was estimated at 6.8×1O^7m^3. 2) Wetland and upland fields decreased rapidly from the 1950s to the 1960s, while paddy fields increased in the same period and occupied 70% of the area. As a result, arable land was classified under the following 2 types : (l) old developed land, which was used before the 1950s and (2) new developed land, which was developed after the 1950s. 3) The difference in the amount of topdressed soil among continuous upland, continuous paddy, upland converted from paddy and rotated paddy was not significant except for continuous upland. This fact indicates soil topdressing was not carried out according to the land use.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1254K) -
神山 和則, 宮地 直道, 大塚 紘雄, 粕渕 辰昭原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 482-489
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーIt has become very important to evaluate arable peatland in view of sustainability. The authors evaluated the sustainability of arable peatland based on forecasting data of ground subsidence, and compiled an evaluation map in the central part of Ishikari peatland by using a geographic information system (GIS). 1) High moor peat soils (Sphagnofiblists) and Low moor peat soils (Medihemists) occupy about 70% of the study area. Soil topdressing has been carried out in the acreage of 221.0km^2 and the most frequent thickness of topdressed soil was in the 5-20cm class. Changes of land use were classified into the following 3 types : (1) WWPP whose land use had been wetland in the 1910s and 1950s and was paddy field in the 1960s and 1970s, (2) WUPP whose land use had been wetland in the 1910s, upland field in the 1950s and were paddy field in the 1960s and 1970s and (3) UUPP whose land use had been upland field in the 1910s and 1950s and was paddy field in the 1960s and 1970s. WWPP distributes widely in High moor peat soils, while UUPP and WUPP distribute widely in Low moor peat soils. 2) Ground subsidence was the greatest in High moor peat soils, the second greatest in Low moor peat soils and the lowest in lowland soils (Udifluvents, Haplaquepts and Haplaquents). The relationship between changes of land use and ground subsidence was as follows : WWPU, which was characterized as upland fields converted from paddy fields in the 1970s, showed a higher portion than WWPP of ground subsidence exceeding 30cm. This suggests that ground subsidence in upland fields is greater than that in paddy fields. Meanwhile, the percentage of area in which ground subsidence was less than 10cm increased in the following order : UUPP, WUPP, WWPP and WWPU. It suggests ground subsidence occurs easily in newly developed p1aces. 3) On the basis of the previous results, soil type, period of land development, present land use and thickness of topdressed soil were selected as main factors of the evaluation, and scores of elements of each factor were determined. According to the sum of these scores, sustainability of arable peatland was categorized in 3 classes : high, moderate and low. A sustainability map was compiled using these classes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1356K) -
林 浩昭原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 489-
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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福本 勉, 和田 富吉, 武藤 直紀原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 490-498
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of this experiment is to identify microorganisms isolated from Elaeagnus pungens nodules, and to establish a simple estimation method on the effectiveness of inoculation. 1.The mycelia of strains isolated from Elaeagnus pungens nodules had branches with no aerial mycelium in liquid culture conditions, and they formed strawberry-shaped or short cylindrical sporangia containing scores of spores. 2.Inoculation of the Actinomycete strains to cutting branches of Elaeagnus pungens (about 10cm in length) previously rooted and cultured in a test tube was useful as a simple estimation method on nodulation and nitrogen fixation among isolated strains. Moreover, it was found that pretreatment of the cutting branch with kinetin, IBA and NAA was effective for the evaluation of rooting. 3.The cutting branch inoculated with strains isolated from Elaeagnus pungens nodules formed root nodules with nitrogen fixing activity (acethylene reducing activity) and showed favorable growth under the N-free culture condition 4.From these results, strains isolated from Elaeagnus pungens nodules were identified as Frankia belonging to Actinomycetes. Frankia within root nodule cell was histologically observed with an optical microscope.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3742K) -
南條 正巳原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 498-
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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安藤 豊, 丸本 卓哉, 和田 源七, 中村 勤原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 499-505
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of moisture content of soil and drying duration on the mineralization of soil organic N and N absorption by rice plants were evaluated using paddy soils derived from alluvial sediment and volcanic soils in tropical and temperate areas. The results obtained are as follows : 1) The amount of N mineralized for 4 weeks incubation increased with the decreasing soil-to-water ratio. No significant difference was observed in the water content of soil when the drying duration was more than 4d. However, the longer the duration of drying, the greater the amount of N was mineralized irrespective of the soils' parent materials and the areas where it was obtained. 2) There were significant differences in the dry weight and amount of N in rice plants among treatments. The amount of N in rice plants increased with the increasing duration of drying up to 6 weeks. However, the dry matter increase of the rice plant grown in soil dried for 8 weeks was smaller than the other treatments despite the highest N mineralization observed in this soil. 3) The mineralization rate of soil organic N was higher at 1 or 2 weeks after incubation than at 3 or 4 weeks.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (832K) -
片倉 芳雄, 横溝 久原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 506-512
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of N form on nutrient uptake, growth, fruit yield and fruit quality of 3-year old 'Homebell' rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei READE) trees were studied in solution culture for 3y. With increasing N supply, the growth and fruit yield of the trees supplied with ammonium were increased, whereas those supplied with nitrate were decreased. The root growth supplied with ammonium was also more vigorous than that supplied with nitrate. High nitrate supply resulted in brown roots and marginal leaf chlorosis, which showed small necrotic spots. A high N supply resulted in reduced fruit weight and increased sugar content in both N sources. The juice pH of fruits was higher in ammonium supply than in nitrate supply. Five nutrients (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) were absorbed from early April to late October. N, P and K uptake was higher in early May to early August, whereas Ca and Mg uptake was higher in mid-September to early October. High nitrate supply resulted in reduced N, P, K, Ca and Mg uptake, especially in reduced Ca and Mg rates. Leaf N, P and K contents were increased with supplying these nutrients in both N sources, but with increasing nitrate supply leaf Ca and Mg were decreased. Water absorption was higher in the trees supplied with ammonium than in those supplied with nitrate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (893K) -
片倉 芳雄, 横溝 久原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 513-519
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーFive-year-old 'Jersey' highbush (Vaccinium corymbosum) and 'Homebell' rabbiteye blueberry (V.ashei) trees were grown in solution culture with different pH (3.5,4.5 and 5.5) for 2 years. At pH 3. 5,both trees (species) all died by the 2nd growing season with wilting symptoms on fruits, shoots and leaves. Tree weights increased the highest at pH 4.5 for Jersey and at pH 5.5 for Homebell. Tree weights including harvested fruits increased the highest in late spring for Jersey and in mid- to late summer for Homebell. The top-root ratio increased in both trees with raising solution pH from 3.5 to 5.5. Yields and average weights of fruits in both trees decreased markedly at pH 3.5 as compared with other pH treatments. N uptake of both trees increased gradually from Apr. to Sept. and decreased from Sept. to Oct. P and K were also absorbed similar to N, but did not decreased in late autumn. Ca uptake in both trees increased to early Aug., decreased to early Sept. and then increased again to late Oct. Mg was absorbed higher during the mid- to late growing season. Low solution pH resulted in decreased NH_4-N and Ca uptake and increased NO_3-N uptake. pH 3.5 treatment resulted in decreased NH_4-N, P, K and Ca uptake in Jersey. Leaf N, P, Ca and Mg contents of Jersey were the highest at pH 3.5. Leaf Ca and Mg contents of Jersey increased with lowering the solution pH from 5.5 to 3.5. Water absorption of both trees increased with raising the solution pH from 3.5 to 5.5,and was closely related to the growth of tops.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (857K) -
湯浅 保雄, 村井 宏, 濱浦 尚生, 井上 克弘原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 520-526
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーVegetation and soil surveys of open-cut mining lands revegetated from 1982 to 1992 were carried out in the past Matsuo sulfur mine, Iwate Prefecture. Almost all the soils in revegetated open-cut mining lands ranged from pH 3 to 6 and about 40% of the soils were less than pH4. The soils were characterized by high exchange acidity and a small amount of exchangeable Ca. The soils gave low N and organic C contents due to the sparse vegetation. At places influenced by strongly acidic ground water from the pyrite mine, which came from buried galleries and shafts ; revegetated plants were completely damaged. Therefore, proper soil management practices such as over-seeding, application of fertilizer and liming are necessary to conserve the revegetated open-cut mining slopes from soil erosion. At the places of pyrite and its slag sediments, which have pH values of <3,no vegetation tend to thrive. At an alluvial soil with pH 3 to 4,acid-resistant plants such as Ledum palustre L. var. diversipilosum NAKAI, Hydrangea paniculata SIEB. and Miscanthus sinensis ANDE. are dominant. At volcanic ash soils of pH 4 to 5,however, Bambusa kurilensis Rupr. MIYABE, Betula Ermani var. Communis KOID., Sorbus commixta HEDL., Salix Reinii FRANCH. et SAV., Hydrangea paniculata SIEB., Polygonum sachalinese FR. SCHM. and Miscanthus sinensis ANDE. are dominant. Lastly, at the weathering materials from andesitic tufficeous rock of pH 5 to 6,common vegetation is observed. Since it is very difficult to keep grassland in the cold climate and heavy snow area, the introduction of tree species such as Salix Reinii FRANCH. et SAV., Salix Bakko KIMURA and Elaeagnus crispa THUN. were recommended as the revegetation plants.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1277K) -
井上 興一, 田島 佳苗, 眞田 和明, 横田 弘司原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 527-534
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーFor the production of iron-enriched leaf vegetables, increasing the iron content in the leaves by soaking the roots of vegetables grown with hydroponics in iron-salt solutions was investigated in a climatron (Temperature : 27℃ ; Humidity : 45-55% ; Illuminance : 2×10^4lx). The following results were obtained. 1) In the EDTA-Fe treatment, the Fe content in the leaves lettuce (Butter head and crisp head types, Lactuca sativa L.) were increased with increases in the Fe concentration of the treatment solutions. The Fe content of the leaves in the Fe-50mg L^<-1> treatment was 6.1 times (62.4mg kg^<-1>・FW) higher than that of the control. However, injuries appeared on all the leaves in all the treatments. It is surmised that these injuries may not be connected with Fe accumulation but with the absorbed EDTA. 2) In the iron(II) ammonlum sulfate treatment, the Fe content in the leaves of the lettuce scarcely increased and showed only 1.3-1.5 times greater levels as compared with that of the control in the Fe-150mg L^<-1> treatment. 3) In the iron (III) ammonium citrate treatment, injuries appeared on the outer leaves in the Fe-100mg L^<-1> and Fe-150mg L^<-1> treatments with 16-h soaking and the Fe-150mg L^<-1> treatment with 12-h soaking. It is surmised that these injuries may be connected with the absorbed citrate. In the Fe-100mg L^<-1> treatment with 12-h soaking, the Fe content in the leaves of the lettuce (Butter head type) and the spinach (Spinacia oleracia L.) was 5.1 times (49.4mg kg^<-1.> FW) and 6.3 times (70.0mg kg^<-1.>FW) that of the control, respectively. The absorbed Fe accumulated more in the inner leaves than in the outer leaves and was found most in the apex of the leaves. These results suggest that iron ammonium citrate is the most suitable of all the Fe-salts used. Also, under the experimental conditions existing in the climatron, the production of Fe-enriched leaf vegetables without injury could be guaranteed by controlling the Fe concentration in the treatment solution and the soaking time.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1019K) -
庄子 貞雄原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 534-
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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建部 雅子, 石原 俊幸, 石井 かおる, 米山 忠克原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 535-543
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーSpinach and komatsuna were cultured in the solutions containing different combinations of Ca and K, and NO_3-N and NH_4-N, and the changes of the contents of nitrate, ascorbic acid and oxalic acid were investigated. In Experiment I, the meq ratios of Ca and K were 9 : 1,5 : 5 (control) and 1 : 9,and total meq was 8. In Experiment II, the meq ratios of NO_3-N and NH_4-N were 10 : 0 (control), 5 : 5 and 2 : 8,and total meq was 4. The content of insoluble oxalic acid was increased along with the increase in the ratio of Ca, while the content of soluble oxalic acid was increased along with the increase in the ratio of K. The meq of Ca was equal to that of insoluble oxalic acid in spinach. So it is considered that the production of insoluble oxalic acid was determined by the amount of Ca in spinach. In spinach, the contents of total oxalic acid was correlated with the content of reduced nitrogen (total nitrogen-nitrate nitrogen), and the content of total oxalic acid was decreased along with the increase in the ratio of NH_4-N in the solution. So there was a close relation between the production of oxalic acid and the reduction of nitrate in spinach. In both drops, the content of nitrate was decreased and the content of total ascorbic acid (ASA+DHA) was increased along with the increase in the ratio of NH_4-N in the solution. It is suggested that the quality of spinach and komatsuna is better when nitrogen is absorbed as NH_4-N rather than as NO_3-N.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (971K) -
中西 康博, 山本 洋司, 朴 光来, 加藤 茂, 熊澤 喜久雄原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 544-551
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーOrigins of nitrate were estimated by using the δ^<15>N values and the concentrations of groundwater nitrate (the δ^<15>N value method) at 9 sites in Miyakojima Is., Okinawa. Groundwater basins in the island are divided into 22 and the flows are separated rather clearly. Under the natural and socio-economic conditions, the sources of the groundwater nitrate are consisted to be the chemical fertilizer, animal waste, domestic waste and soil nitrogen. In this method, the δ^<15>N values of groundwater nitrate derived from the chemical fertilizer, both the animal and domestic waste, and the soil were hypothetically set to be 0,15 and 7‰, respectively. The method was verified by contrasting it with the land use data method, which estimates origins and concentrations of groundwater nitrate by the data on land use such as the human and livestock population and arable land area, as well as on rainfall and their loading factors to the groundwater, on each basin. The results are as follows. 1) Results on groundwater nitrate estimated by the land use method were highly coincident with the actual surveyed ones which represent the water of a basin. So, the method was thought to be effective to verify the δ^<15>N value method. 2) The method showed that the groundwater nitrate was composed of 40.3,16.4,27.0 and 16.3%, respectively, derived from chemical fertilizer, animal waste, domestic waste and soil nitrogen. 3) The component ratio of nitrate on 9 sites estimated by the δ^<15>N value method indicated that nitrates derived from chemical fertilizer were in the range of 27.0-58.2%, 12.1-57.7% from both animal and domestic waste, and 12.2-41.2% from soil nitrogen. 4) Results by the δ^<15>N value method on groundwater sample which represent water of a basin were highly coincident with the results by the land data use method. It suggests the δ^<15>N value method has high possibility to detect the nitrate sources of groundwater when the sample represents a basin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1059K) -
久保井 徹, 服部 浩之, 広木 幹也原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 552-559
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
ジャーナル フリーEffects of impulsive and/or continuous load of H_2SO_4 on soil environment were investigated by using indoor lysimeters filled with Tsukuba light-colored andosol to which limed sewage sludge had been applied at a rate of 40kg m^<-2>. One lysimeter, called 'LC' plot, received 31mm equivalent of 0.1 mol L^<-1> H_2SO_4. Then the plot was irrigated with dil. H_2SO_4. (pH 3.5) for 4y at a rate of 31mm week^<-1>. To another lysimeter, 'SW' plot, 13mm of 0.1 mol L^<-1> H_2SO_4 was applied at first and the same volume of distilled water as 'LC' plot was irrigated thereafter. Rape plants were cultivated on both plots for 17 times during the experimental period. The pH at the surface soil declined to 7.0-7.4 by the acid impulse, but recovered to around 8.4 within 4 months. The yield and Mn concentration of the crop became higher in the 'LC' plot relative to the 'SW' plot. The potassium level was parallel with the crop yield in the 'LC'plot. The load of 0.1 mol L^<-1> H_2SO_4 caused leaching of S, Ca and Mg down to the depth of 30cm ('SW' plot) or 80cm ('LC' plot). Continuous irrigation of pH 3.5 water slightly elevated the levels of these elements in the soil solution at the depths of 30 and 55cm. In accordance with the cultivation, S, Ca, Mg and especially NO_3-N concentrations in soil solution showed oscillation at the upper 10-55cm layers. At the 30cm depth of the 'LC' plot, Zn and Cd levels were increased during 300-500th day with a simultaneous increase of the TOC and pH values, suggesting mobilization of these metals as chelated forms.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (887K) -
相野 公孝, 土屋 健一原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 560-562
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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加藤 忠司, 青木 和彦, 山西 弘恭原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 563-565
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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吉田 重方, 田口 英昭, 村中 勝, 鵜飼 浩司, 川村 吉也原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 566-571
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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関本 均, 西川 章, 嶺 昭彦原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 572-573
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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古屋 栄原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 574-580
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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結田 康一原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 581-585
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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原稿種別: 文献目録等
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 586-592
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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原稿種別: 付録等
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 593-
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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原稿種別: 付録等
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 594-595
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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原稿種別: 付録等
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 596-597
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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吉野 喬原稿種別: 本文
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. 598-
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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原稿種別: 付録等
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. App2-
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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原稿種別: 表紙
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. Cover3-
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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原稿種別: 表紙
1995 年 66 巻 5 号 p. Cover4-
発行日: 1995/10/05
公開日: 2017/06/28
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