The location decision problem for emergency service stations, such as ambulance stations, fire stations, and patrol police stations, is one of the most important problems on the transportation planning area since the emergency service are usually provided by vehicles based on fixed locations and the number and location of stations have significant influence on the quality of service. Especially, the optimal location decision is the critical issue because the number of stations is limited due to budget constraints. This study aims to determine the optimal locations of expressway emergency service stations. To do this, we employ the p-center model weighted by the accident count with fixed number of service stations. The formulated model and algorithm are applied to Korean expressways.

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More than 500 signalized intersections have been introduced in Bangkok. By law, the traffic management is under the Royal Police Office which will be transferred to the local governments while installation and maintenance of traffic control devices (traffic signs, marking, signals) is under the local governments. Pre-timed controllers with different time plan of the day have been set and fine tuned for each intersection during off-peak periods. During peak periods, the Police Command Center with hand-radio reporting and CCTV with experienced policeman at each intersection controller assigns the phasing for each leg of the intersection. Complaints arise at isolated intersections where drivers have to stop without incoming traffic from other directions. Adaptive traffic controllers with additional detectors to detect intersection blockage with Fuzzy Logic Algorithm have been installed at 5 isolated intersections in Bangkok.

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This study deals with an aircraft acquisition decision model to tackle the stochastic demand of the air transportation system. Probabilistic dynamic programming is applied to develop an optimization model with the aim to maximize the operational profit of the airline company. Correspondingly, a probable phenomenon is defined to comprehend the uncertain state variables so that the targeted level of service by the airline company could be met satisfactorily. The proposed probabilistic dynamic programming model is then converted into a non-linear programming model as the objective function and the constraints have non-linear expression with respect to the decision variables. Later, the proposed model and the solution method are examined with an illustrative case study to determine the number and the types of new aircraft that should be purchased at every time period. The results show that the proposed methodology is viable in providing the optimal solution.

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This study presents an exploratory analysis of the consumer surplus of passengers flying across the Taiwan Strait. The travel cost method was used on the data collected from Taipei-to-Shanghai travelers. Based on the analysis, the truncated negative binomial model was selected to derive the air travel demand function, and the consumer surplus was calculated as the reciprocal of the coefficient of the air travel cost variable. The results show the consumer surplus is about 58,000 NT$ per trip, per passenger for the sample, and the CS of passengers using direct flights is approximately 1.5 times of the corresponding value of passengers using indirect flights. This paper proposes a feasible methodology to analyze the economic benefits of the air transportation market, particularly for the specific case examined in this work. This investigation also presents some interesting directions for future studies.

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Most of the studies on container terminal planning are conducted from a bottom-up approach; the operational data in terminal operations have been collected and used as bases to estimate possible strategies for deploying terminal facilities to handle increasing container traffic.To compensate for the shortcomings of this technique, we adopt the top-down approach to break down terminal planning rules by long-term observation of the development of mega terminal operators. Two Hong Kong based mega-terminal operators, Hongkong International Terminals (HIT) and Modern Terminal Ltd. (MTL), were selected as the samples. The objective of this study is to determine the terminal planning rules followed by mega-operators and consequently provide practical references for terminal operators. Together with analysis generated from the bottom-up approach, terminal operators will be able to thoroughly examine terminal planning rules and make the best choice for the deployment of terminal facilities.

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The goal of this study is to compare the CRM perception of the Vietnamese and Taiwanese maritime transport service providers focused on container shipping company. The study analyzes the major CRM differences between the industries of Vietnam and Taiwan based on T-test and Factor analysis, and identifies the CRM service by IPA. Main findings are that perceptions of CRM are different obviously in the two countries due to various social-economic backgrounds. Major four factors (including E-commerce marketing, interactive marketing, contact marketing and customer service marketing) significant differences between the application of CRM by the shipping industries. Shipping company should therefore reinforce their computerized CRM systems in order to collect and analyze valuable marketing data from their customers. This can enable sales personnel and customer service staff to make appropriate decisions, improves service quality, and create greater value for customers in the highly competitive shipping business.

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The archipelagic nature of the Philippines gives rise to relatively unique transportation system requirements and thus travel demand models from other countries may not be entirely applicable to an inter-island scenario. The objective of this paper is to identify the determinants of mode choice for inter-island travellers in the Philippines, using data describing travel between Manila and Busuanga Island, where the main choices for travellers that were considered were air travel and sea travel. Using data from a stated preference experiment conducted on ship travellers, this paper applies binary choice logit models to evaluate the impact of fare differences, trip characteristics and the socio-economic attributes of respondents on their mode choice.

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This paper presents evidence on the valuation of airport noise in case of Bangkok Suvarnabhumi International Airport. Using contingent valuation approach, interview data were collected from on-campus faculty and staff residence of a major university located just north of the airport runway, and analyzed to determine the residents' willingness to accept (WTA) airport noise. The results show that the average WTA of the current noise level is 6,439 Baht per month, that the reduction by half in noise intensity and flight frequency, and the nighttime flight ban would decrease WTA by 3,932, 3487, and 3660 Baht per month, respectively, and that interaction effects of these attributes are significant. These results can inform the formulation of compensation plan for parties affected by airport noise, which will likely increase in the near future, due to the airport expansion.

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This paper provides the future projection of CO2 emission from international aviation, considering changes of international network structure and fleet size. The network structure includes two common types, namely the hub-and-spoke system and the point-to-point system, and two other in-between network cases are assumed. Also regarded is the more use of smaller aircraft for more efficient and more frequent flight services. The two cases for fleet size include the use of current size fleet and smaller size fleet. The future aviation demand and CO2 emission is projected under six scenarios, built by the combination of these cases. The result indicated that the utilization of smaller aircraft induces less amount of CO2 emission. Also, the point-to-point system has the effect of CO2 emission reduction to some extent.

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The purpose of this paper is primarily to develop an analytical model for estimating runway capacity of Haneda airport in Tokyo which will have new 4th runway in late 2010. We also analyzed the impact of the sequencing of the departure/arrival aircrafts considering wake turbulence category by using more heuristic model which consider the feasibility of arrival spacing on final approach in practice. Haneda airport will have two set of open-parallel runways with crossing layout (16/34 L/R, 04/22 L/R). Consequently, the departure and arrival traffics will operate dependently with higher complexity than current condition. By using the developed model, we analyze the necessary constraints on aircraft sequencing and spacing for attaining the runway capacity planned by the government and for expanding the capacity.

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This paper estimates the impact of entrance of low cost carriers to Eastern Asia international passenger transport markets, especially to the high density short haul markets, and discusses the efficient management policy of multiple airport system. We apply the bi-level air transport market model to Osaka-Korea international passenger transport market, and estimate the impact of entrance of low cost carriers. The results suggest that the entrance of LCC improves passenger's utility, but the legacy carriers lose their profit seriously. We also evaluate the slot allocation policy, i.e. using ITM as an international airport. Finally we find that using ITM policy is workable for protecting the legacy carrier's share, but the effect will disappear with the increase of passenger's sensitivity to airfare.

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Demand of trade transport sector is basically derived demand of tradable goods. On the other hand, the demand of general industries is influenced by the magnitude of transport sector in trade gateway city. Basically trade transport industries are located on near port or airport. The locational characteristics have to be considered in order to understand the effect to regional economy by port/airport policy and trade policy. This paper builds an open economy multi-region computable general equilibrium model which features the activity of trade related industrial sector regarding export and import. The behavior of export industry sector and import industry sector are explicitly formulated in the model as well as other industrial sector. The numerical analysis gives implications about the impacts to trade gateway city and hinterland city by trade demand shock.

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With the growth of international trade and the constant expansion of port scale, channel gradually becomes the bottleneck to restrict the increase of port efficiency in the port development. Channel, as part of the whole port and channel operating system, has many factors influencing its transit capacity which is difficult to calculate. Under the premise of the analysis of a number of factors, this paper uses Arena simulation software to simulate transport ship sailing operation systems in coastal container port. And this paper obtains that the influence relation between single-channel transit capacity and shipping navigation duration is exponential distribution, and the greater the AWT/AST value is, the higher degree of curve-fitting will be; shipping navigation duration has no effect on double-channel transit capacity.

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This study proposes quota allocation model of flight frequency for policy evaluation, establish 7 models such as profit, cost, equity airline profit, equity airline cost, equity all airline quota, equity Taiwanese airline quota, and equity Chinese airline quota model. Meanwhile, employ bi-level programming model to combines 7 upper level models and 7 lower level models to establish. The models can simulate the policy performances and evaluate the effects of different policy strategies. These outcomes show that if the policy managers want to support airlines running cross-strait airline business to getting more profits or spending less cost, the equity strategies also can achieve profit or cost objectives, not maximum profits or minimum costs but acceptable profits or costs for airlines. These outcomes show that if aviation authority regulates the airline operating routes will cause the airline total fuel operational costs increase, equity difference increase, and airline total profits decrease

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The number of piracy attacks in the Strait of Malacca is significantly reduced from 75 in 2000 to 2 in 2009. While people are celebrating the success of anti-piracy operations applied in the Strait, the number of piracy attacks in the Somalia region increased to its peak. According to the IMB, there were a total of 406 piracy attacks reported worldwide in 2009 and Somali pirates accounted for 217 attacks. There is a total of 1052 crew taken hostage with 68 injured and eight were killed. Since the attacks were well organized and sophisticated weapons such as RPGs were used, it caught the eyes of the world in the news headlines. This paper studies the successful factors as well as the deficiencies in the anti-piracy operations as applied in the two cases and provides an anti-piracy framework for combating piracy to improve maritime security in the high sea.

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In this research,we discuss a problem in Airline Revenue Management (ARM), which is dynamic pricing model for two parallel flights owned by the same airline. We extended the existing model on Joint Pricing Model for Parallel Flights in the literature to consider overbooking, cancellations, and no-show customers. To solve the model, we develop a dynamic programming to optimize ticket fares of both flights simultaneously and dynamically over the selling horizon . The objective is to maximize the total expected revenue of both flights. In our experiments, we also determine the overbooking limit of both flights to anticipate the occurrence of cancellations and no-shows. We have conducted some numerical experiments to show the behavior of our proposed model.

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This article adopts a gravity model to analyze the impact of international air routes increase on airport potential. By taking Chubu International Airport in Japan as a case and considering several determinants such as travel time, fare, population of destination city, carrier's market share, we find that short haul international flights could increase airport attractiveness dramatically, because a good flight connectivity and more effective transfer passenger service will stimulate conventional scheduled carriers to operate long haul flights to Chubu. If Chubu could attract new flights from 42 Chinese destination cities, which are in 5 hours flight radius that normally serviced by narrow body fleets, it would be as attractive as Narita Airport is in Japan. Accordingly, we suggest that Chubu Airport needs to promote itself to attract regional airlines from China or low cost carries in the whole Eastern Asia.

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This paper employs the data envelopment analysis technique to estimate the efficiency of the major ports in the V.I.S.T.A. and the ASEAN countries. Research results indicated that the largest container port in Singapore, South Africa and Turkey were efficient ports in both the CCR and BCC models. Using the CCR model(self-assessment)and the CCR cross efficiency model(relative-assessment), it had been found that the major ports in Singapore and South Africa were situated in Group I which was labeled as benchmark ports. Whereas the operational efficiency of the other VISTA ports was situated in Group _III_, and was labeled as less efficient ports. Research results reveals most ports in the emerging markets have not paid much attention on the operational efficiency of their ports, and simply try to use low port charge to attract carriers' patronage

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There are many small islands in the Seto-Inland Sea in Japan. The depopulation and population ageing on these islands have caused amount of people who use ferry and rapid boat lines which connect between these islands and the main island to decrease dramatically. At present, the measures for this situation are trying to be considered but we don't have fundamental data to discuss about this measure, such as actual condition of travel behavior of islanders to the outside of the island. Then, on the basis of the questionnaire survey to the people who live on the Oasaki-Kamijima Island, which is located in Seto-Inland Sea, we analyze travel behavior of the people to outside of the island and try to reveal a use actual condition of ferry and rapid boat lines which connect between the island and the main island.

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Undeveloped maritime transport has limited the trade among the countries in the region surrounding Sea of Japan and became the bottleneck of economic development in the region. In order to improve the current situation, this paper presents a shipping route network optimized model with the aim of maximum profits for shipping companies. This model not only considers the ship routes but also takes the relationship between the ship size and shipping demand into account. The model optimizes the allocation of resources for shipping companies and chooses a suitable ship subject to the constraint of ship capacity. Lastly, the model is tested with actual data. The results show that optimized routes and the being used ships will be different corresponding to different economic situations. This method can provide reference for the opening and operation of shipping routes surrounding Sea of Japan.

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The Transportation Service Index (TSI) is a monthly (quarterly) measure of the volume of services performed by the for-hire transportation sectors. The objective of this study is to develop and analyze TSI for cross-border transportation. The cross-border transport is classified into four sectors: air passenger, maritime passenger, air freight and maritime freight. For each sector, a seasonal adjustment model is developed. Passenger index and freight index are calculated by employing the Fisher's ideal index method. The Cross-border Air Passenger and Freight TSIs steadily increased from 1995 to 2008. These can be lagged index comparing with the business cycle in Korea. The cross-border TSIs are not likely to be useful in forecasting economic activity in the future. However, they can be useful for transportation planning and decision-making: monitoring of transportation service changes, analyzing the effect of the execution of transportation policy and so on.

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Airplanes are important modes of transportation in the 21st Century. For that reason, airports are seen as potential centers of economic development. Although developments until recently have been spontaneous and haphazard, real estate agents, airports and governments are targeting on airport areas as economic centers of development. Governmental planners increasingly aim to learn from foreign successful examples, try to copy and paste locally. The question is if and to what extent this kind of institutional learning between regions is successful or not. Therefore, we analyze cases of interregional learning in airport city development. We found that that consulting mainly focuses on cognitive and social learning; the more complex institutional learning is often underestimated in interregional learning. Furthermore, conditions point out the importance of loose models, broad coalitions and adjustment to local circumstances.

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In a multi-airport area, a successful surface access system can increase the market share of each airport in the competition. Therefore, in order to know the factors which influence the passengers' airport-choosing behavior and their demands on the access system, this paper applied the RP and SP survey from the view of airport. Through analysis of the importance of impact factors, the rational coach frequency and the ticket price, and comparison of the airport-choosing behaviors in the cases of with and without the access system, we found that the accessibility to the airport is the most important factor affecting the airport selection, while access system can hardly affect the choice when the location advantage is relatively low. Thus, the airport should take the location advantage into account when improves its access system.

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This paper aims to provide a description about the performance of Indonesian domestic flight punctuality for the year 2008 with a sample of the Jakarta-Surabaya route (CGK-SUB). The method of data analysis using descriptive developmental formula based on the total performance score obtained from the formula of periodic OTP. The overall results show performance of punctuality and the high number of departure delays. Of the 16 companies having scheduled flight studied, there were eight airlines serving the route CGK-SUB in full during the year 2008. The eight airlines are GIA, MNA, LNI, BTV, MDL, AWQ, SJY, and AFE.In total weighting, there are five airlines considered relaitively good with a score of 2.50 to 3.70. All the five have a relatively small percentage of delays, especially for the delay in the third category, namely the delay of more than 60 minutes.

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Recently, cruise demand has increased especially in the North America and Europe in response to the inauguration of large-scale cruise ship. In Japan, it is expected that tourism by cruise ship becomes a new style of tourism. However, there are few researches to investigate cruise tourism quantitatively. Therefore, the trend of cruise ship building and that of cruise tourism demand are investigated, the visiting port of ocean cruise ship in Japan is analyzed, and cruise fare function is estimated in this study. Through the analysis, the possibility of the promotion of cruise tourism in Asia is examined.

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In this research, we build a discrete event simulation model interfacing with spreadsheets to simulate the passengers boarding with one and two doors. This model was built as a decision support system in order to obtain the best boarding strategy that minimize the passengers boarding time. There are three main steps to use this model. First, using spreadsheet user interface, a user may generate random passengers, and then choose the common boarding strategy available in the literature or to flexibly determine his or her own strategy. Second, these inputs then are simulated in ARENA simulation engine. Third, the output of the results will be displayed again in spreadsheets. The performance indicators are such as the average and maximum passenger boarding time, number of interferences passengers both aisle interferences and seat interferences.

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