巻号一覧
28 巻 (1990)
- 4 号 p. 135-
- 3 号 p. 79-
- 2 号 p. 31-
- 1 号 p. 1-
28 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
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白石 雅也1990 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 79-86
発行日: 1990/09/30
公開日: 2010/06/22
ジャーナル フリーウンシュウミカンの展開直後の葉面を走査電顕で観察すると, 砂粒状や棒状のワックスが表皮細胞壁上に発現する.ついで, 葉面ワックスは不整形の板状に発達し, 葉齢の進展にともなって, その大きさは増加し, 雲形板状になる.葉上の気孔は大型 (巨大) 気孔と小型気孔に類別でき, 大型気孔は多数の小型気孔によって取り囲まれていた.気孔密度を葉の先端部, 中央部および基部について調査した結果, 葉の中央部において気孔密度が高く, ついで葉の先端部であり, 葉の基部では最も少なかった.気孔と海綿状組織細胞への連結様式について観察した結果, 気孔腔の底壁に数個の小孔が明確に認められ, この孔を通じて, 蒸散やガス交換が行われることが判明した.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4942K) -
山田 久也, 新古 忠之, 梶岡 律子1990 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 87-93
発行日: 1990/09/30
公開日: 2010/06/22
ジャーナル フリーNFT栽培によるイチゴの短期株冷蔵半促成栽培を3種類のベッドで比較しながら行った.その結果, 下記の事項が明らかになった.
1) 樹勢は各ベッドとも良好で株あたりの収穫重量は500～7009となり, 土耕のおよそ2倍量となった.これは地上・根圏部とも栽培管理が順調に行われたためと考える.
2) 養液のpHは, 放任のままで4.5を下回るような状態が定植初期から見られたが, およそpH5.0付近に管理した.これは通常イチゴの好pH域とされている6.0よりかなり低めであった.
3) 養液のECは, 定植直後0mS/cmから徐々に上げ, 収穫最盛期には最高0.9mS/cmで管理した.これ、は他の養液栽培で一般的にいわれているECよりかなり低い値である.
4) ベッドの養液流水面と栽培パネルとの間に数10mm程度のスペースを設けたベッドと, スペースのほとんどないベッドとでは, 発根形態に大きな差が見られた.ただし収穫重量には差はあまり見られなかったものの, 長期的に栽培を続けた場合には, 根の酸素吸収や環境適応力の点から, スペースを設けたベッドの有効性が顕著になるものと考えられる.
5) 養液流水面上にスペースを設けたベッドにおいて, 栄養成長に偏りすぎる傾向が見られ, 第2花房の花芽の分化が順調に進まなかった試験区が見られた.流水面上のスペースは上記4) のように有効であると考えられるが, 生殖生長とのつり合いに考慮する必要がある.
6) ベッド上流から下流にかけては, 生育差や収穫重量差は見られなかった.トマトなどの根量の多い作物と異なり, ベッド長さは長くすることが可能と思われる.
7) 糖度・酸度の測定の結果, 7～10% (糖度) , 0.5～0.7% (酸度) のものが大半で, 質的にも土耕の場合とほぼ同等の果実を多く収穫することができた.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4066K) -
矢吹 万寿, 北宅 善昭, 杉 二郎1990 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 95-98
発行日: 1990/09/30
公開日: 2010/06/22
ジャーナル フリーThe function of the elected pneumatophores of two mangrove species, Avicennia marinaand Sonneratia alba, was investigated. Experiments were carried out with detached samples from the habitat in order to clarify that the photosynthetic reaction takes place at the surface of the pneumatophore and plays an important role in the gas exchange between the pneumatophore and the root in the subsoil.
As a result, the gross photosynthetic rates of the pneumatophores ofA. marinaandS. albawere 3 and 11 mgCO2/dm2/hr, respectively, at the light intensity of 0.45 cal/cm2/min. Their light compensating points were at 0.02-0.03 cal/cm2/min and similar to that of a shaded leaf. The diffusion rates of O2from the pneumatophores to the roots in the light condition were higher than those in the dark condition. In addition, O2diffusion rates increased when the pneumatophores were supplied with CO2through their cut surfaces.
These facts show that O2is produced by the photosynthetic reaction in the pneumatophores during daytime. Then O2diffuses to the root in the subsoil where it is used for the root respiration. In addition, the respiratory induced CO2diffuses to the pneumatophore and is used for the photosynthesis in the pneumatophore.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (467K) -
矢吹 万寿, 北宅 善昭, 杉 二郎1990 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 99-102
発行日: 1990/09/30
公開日: 2010/06/22
ジャーナル フリーThe function of the elected pneumatophores of two mangrove species, A vicennia officinalis andSonneratia alba, was investigated in Thailand. In order to clarify that the photosynthetic reaction takes place in the pneumatophore and that the O2produced by this reaction diffuses to the root in the subsoil, the CO2exchange rate through the surface of the pneumatophore and the O2concentration in the root were measured in situ.
As a result, gross photosynthetic rates of pneumatophores ofA. officinalisandS. albawere 0.8-1.2 mgCO2/cm2/hr and 1.0-2.8 mgCO2/dm2/hr, respectively. The O2concentration in the root increased from 13.9% to 16.7% when the solar radiation increased from 0.7 calf cm2/min to 1.2 cal/cm2/min. This concentration decreased rapidly when the pneumatophore was shaded.
In conclusion, it was proved that the elected pneumatophore actually produced O2by the photosynthetic reaction and that such O2diffused to the root in the subsoil.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (396K) -
今井 俊治, 岩尾 憲三, 藤原 多見夫1990 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 103-108
発行日: 1990/09/30
公開日: 2010/06/22
ジャーナル フリー茎径変化測定法をもちいて, ブドウ巨峰樹の体内水分動態を非破壊で把握する手法を確立するとともに, 茎径変化に及ぼす環境要因の影響について調査した.
1.茎径変化の測定部位は母枝が安定で, 適正部位と考えられた.
2.茎径収縮量と体内水ポテンシャルの関係は, 一次の回帰式で表され, 高い相関を示した.
3.したがって, 茎径変化の測定により, 体内水分欠乏を非破壊で連続的に把握できることが確認された.
4.ブドウ樹の体内水分動態は日射強度に強く依存し, 土壌への灌水は体内水分回復への従属的な一要因と考えられた.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (636K) -
羽藤 堅治, 福山 寿雄, 神尾 泰昭, 橋本 康1990 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 109-112
発行日: 1990/09/30
公開日: 2010/06/22
ジャーナル フリーCultivating support system is designed and examined based on the CICS (Computer Integrated Cultivation System), system of which has the computer network composed of both usual micro-computer for environmental control of crops and the special computer for the artificial intelligence. In the system, four sub-systems are prepared; these are“LAN”, “Identification and Control”, “Expert System”and“Agricultural Strategies”.“LAN”and“Identification and Control”are usually engineering problem. On the contrary, “Expert System”is more biological and use of AT computer is inevitable. Whole cultivating process of the crop is supported by these sub-systems. In the important stage through the whole cultivating term, the status of the crop is able to be discriminated based on the AT computer. Thus the adequate set-point of the environmental control could be decided based on the status of the crop. Finally, the sub-system for“Agricultural Strategies”is expected as CIM in agriculture, in other words, as the high-level decision from the point of management view. In this paper, the tomato cultivating support system is discussed, where an expert system is designed for the adjustment of EC'set-point in the NFT. As the results, it seems evident that the expert system may be reasonable and that CICS proposed in this paper should be the most reasonable system.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (403K) -
内田 徹, 中西 美一, 浦田 真紀1990 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 113-118
発行日: 1990/09/30
公開日: 2010/06/22
ジャーナル フリーIn order to develop the environmental control system based on plant responses, the bioelectric potential transition patterns on Spinach lamina in response to light-on were measured as an useful plant physiological information.
The obtained results are summarized as follows;
1) This Bioelectric potential transition patterns when light on were changed by air temperature, relative humidity, CO2concentration, light intensity, plant growth and dying process.
2) One specific peak of this pattern was related with the rate of photosynthesis.
3) This peak related with photosynthesis was similar to photoelectric potential pattern on spinach chlorophyll in response to CO2concentration.
4) A vibration of the bioelectric potential appeared in photoperiod, and the ampritude and cycle time of this vibration were increased by decrease of CO2concentration or increase of light intensity.
5) Therefore, it is possible to hypothesize that the bioelectric potential on lamina is superposition of bioelectric potentials on chlorophyll due to the photosynthesis and respiration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (716K) -
―Balloonを用いた空中写真による調査―長野 敏英1990 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 119-124
発行日: 1990/09/30
公開日: 2010/06/22
ジャーナル フリーPhotographs taken from a balloon were utilized in the description of a vegetation map of mangrove forests in Chantabri and Phang-nga, Thailand.
The use of satellite data has presented an entirely new development for observing vegetation and landscape patterns in ecological studies. However, while the satellite technique is suitable for research on large-scale ecological systems, it does not provide the detailed information needed for projects such as vegetation mapping surveys.
For obtaining detailed vegetation maps of certain mangrove forests, a balloon-mounted aerial photographic system was produced. The balloon system is a simple mechanism which offers ease of operation as well as economical production costs. It is thus especially useful for field survey applications in South-east Asia.
The functional characteristics of the system are as follows.
1) It is easy to discriminate mangrove species by observing the difference in color of the forest crowns in the aerial photographs taken from the balloon.
2) Detailed vegetation maps can be efficiently drawn up by combining aerial photographs and ground surveys.
3) The vegetation map was described using an image-analyzing computer. Although the number of sphere extractions was reduced to half in comparison with visual classification methods, this analyzing method is adequate for describing the main canopy composition of the forest.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3867K) -
石田 朋靖, 長野 敏英, 鳥居 徹, 船田 周1990 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 125-127
発行日: 1990/09/30
公開日: 2010/06/22
ジャーナル フリーThe changes of both chlorophyll concentration in the leaves and sugar concentration (Brix %) in the fruits were measured periodically for melon during its maturing stage. Whereas the chlorophyll concentration remained nearly the same level in the top leaves, it gradually decreased in the leaves closest to the melon fruits. The ratio of the latter chlorophyll concentration to the former was closely related to the sugar concentration in the melon fruits. The sugar concentration linearly increased as the ratio decreased; it stopped increasing after the ratio decreased below 0.36. This result suggests that it should be possible to judge the maturity of netted melons by monitoring the changes in leaf color.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (275K) -
鳥居 徹, 長野 敏英, 石田 朋靖, 船田 周1990 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 129-131
発行日: 1990/09/30
公開日: 2010/06/22
ジャーナル フリーThe leaf color of netted Melon plant was periodically measured using the color computer during its maturing stage. The color difference between the green upper leaf and the lower closest leaf to the fruit was measured. The upper leaves remained the same color, but the lower leaves turned their color. The daily course of the sugar concentration was measured.
The result showed that the color difference indicated the optimum harvest time of the fruits and the increased sugar concentration of the fruits.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (260K)
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