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Volume 34 (1976)
- Issue 6 Pages 235-
- Issue 5 Pages 185-
- Issue 4 Pages 139-
- Issue 3 Pages 95-
- Issue 2 Pages 57-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 34, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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PCB Toxicity and Nutrition (5)Atsuko Nakamura, Satoshi Innami, Sumiko Nagayama, Motoyoshi Miyazaki1976 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 139-144
Published: July 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe investigations have been carried out to clarify the interaction between PCB toxicity and nutritional status.
In the present paper, the effect of vitamin D on growth and lipid metabolism in the PCB-administered rats was studied.
Weanling male rats of the Sprague Dawley strain received the experimental diets containing 0.1% PCB which tetrachloride isomer was dominant.
The rats given a 0.1% PCB diet without vitamin D2 or with 1, 000 IU of vitamin D2 per 100g of diet reduced their body weight more significantly than that of the 0.1% PCB diet group. When 3, 000 IU of vitamin A was added to 100g of a 0.1% PCB diet with 1, 000 IU of vitamin D2, vitamin A did not improve the growth retardation caused by PCB administration. This is different from the case of single addition of vitamin A to a 0.1% PCB diet.
The concentration of triglyceride and phospholipid in the serum of rats fed a 0.1% PCB diet containing 1, 000 IU of vitamin D2 per 100g of diet increased significantly as compared with that of a 0.1% PCB diet group.View full abstractDownload PDF (6266K) -
IV. Some Problems on the Determination of Liver Phenylalanine Hydroxylase Activity in Rats dosed Excess PhenylalanineYohiki Kobatake1976 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 145-153
Published: July 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe cause of significant decrease of liver phenylalanine hydroxylase activity in rats which received a diet with excessive phenylalanine was examined. The results obtained were as follows.
(1) Phenylpyruvate, one of the phenylalanine catabolites, markedly inhibited the hydroxylase in vitro even under low concentration, while other catabolites showed less inhibition. It was also observed that the hydroxylase activity in the liver of rats dosed orally phenylpyruvate was depressed.
(2) The inhibition of hydroxylase by phenylpyruvate in vitro was reduced by addition of dimethyltetrahydropteridine to the medium containing phenylpyruvate. It was also found that the inhibition of liver hydroxylase activity in the phenylalanine dosed rat was almost eliminated with an appropriate addition of dimethyltetrahydropteridine to the assay medium.
(3) Growing rats fed on a 5% D-phenylalanine diet excreted large amounts of phenylpyruvate in urine. Liver hydroxylase activity in these animals, measured by Freedland's method, was markedly decreased. However, an addition of dimethyltetrahydropteridine to the assay medium relatively reduced the difference of the enzyme activity between the control and D-phenylalanine dosed rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (10313K) -
Makoto Sonoda, Yoneko Tamura, Hachiro Shiba1976 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 155-162
Published: July 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince the relationship between food preference and regional difference seen in middle school girls has not yet been known enough, this study was made for the purpose of making it clear the difference between food preference, father's occupation, and food intake of middle school girls.
The subjects were 856 girls in the middle school in two districts, Yamagata (Northern Japan) and Saga (Southern Japan) for this study. The age of the girls were 14.
The results obtained were as fallows.
1. Significant difference was not observed in obesity rate (Yamagata 14.6%, Saga 10.9%)
We adopted Dr. Hibi's Method (1972) in judging obesity. Girls weighing over 120% of their standard weight were judged as obese.
2. The rate of taking breakfast (Yamagata 84.3%, Saga 78.9%) was not related with obesity rate and regional difference was not seen in the breakfast taking rate.
3. There was no relation between obesity and midnight meals.
4. Preference of some food (egg, pork, cow's milk, sausage, salted fish gut, pickled plum, chocolate, ice-cream, bean-jam bun) had no relation with obesity, but regional difference was observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (7914K) -
Yasuo Kagawa, Motoyuki Ishiguro, Fujio Ohkawa, Masataka Okuno, Haruhis ...1976 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 163-172
Published: July 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn Japan, districts of longevity have become the object of academic study since 1950. However, owing to the recent economic developement, the population and habits in these areas have been drastically changed. Moreover, in 1975, average life expectancy of Japanese people reached 71.76 (male) and 76.95 (female) years old. Thus, it became necessary to survey these districts in mountains, rice fields, isolated islands and seasides. The age of all centenarians in the areas was confirmed by the official birth record (Koseki). Population of old men and women in each area in Feburuary 1976 was listed. Most of the islands and seasides were visited during June, 1976. The results were as follows:
1. In every area except Nishinoshima (Shimane), Ishii and Aizumi (both are close to Tokushima city), the percent of inhabitants over seventy years of age has been increased since 1950 (Table 1). The highest figures (male 12.1%, female 19.6%) were observed in Ohgimison (Okinawa) as contrasted with 3.9% (male) and 5.3% (female) of the average Japanese (Table 2). The emigration of young population (maximum 30% per 5 years) was observed in every area except Ishii and Aizumi (Table 3).
2. The percent of inhabitants over ninety years of age was 0.19 (male) and 0.23 (female) in the mountains, 0.06 and 0.20 in the rice fields, 0.24 and 0.72 in the islands and 0.25 and 0.61 in the seasides. Ohgimison had the highest figures (male 0.4%, female, 1.3%) with population of 4, 126 including four centenarians. The eldest person in Japan was 112 years old. Most of these old people in the areas were hypertensive and their diet habits in their youth were characteristic to each area (Table 4). Otherwise, their case histories were similar to the reports on average Japanese centenarians (1975, male 157, female 651), and they had long-lived parents or close relatives.
3. The diet and life style of these old people (Table 4) and all inhabitants (Table 3) in these areas have changed completely. Instead of barley (most of the area) or sweet potatoes (Okinawa) taken in the past, rice became the major diet in every area. Characteristic diet in each area was lost except Okinawa. Of all working population in these areas, percentage of fishermen and foresters decreased (20 to 60%). Ten out of sixteen areas became resorts.View full abstractDownload PDF (12456K) -
Yuko Tarora, Toshizo Nagasawa1976 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 173-178
Published: July 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe subjects, whose daily nutrient intake is under the Dietary Allowances, have been indicated as being undesirable nutritures on the basis of the data concerning food intake investigations. But, these indications are merely based on the comparisons between the food intake and the Dietary Allowances.
Hereupon, in order to confirm whether the nutritures of young women (college students) who are in these situations are inadequate or not, each caloric intake and fluctuation of body weight were examined every day through a week in three seasons (April, June, and August).
It was found that though their caloric intakes were lower than the Dietary Allowances, their body weight were constant and they could engage in full activities.
The authors assumed that these situations need no apprehensions.View full abstractDownload PDF (5871K) -
Akitsugu Kem'moku, Kaoru Kawabata, Hiroyuki Iwao1976 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 179-182
Published: July 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMale adult rats of Wistar strain aged 10 weeks were fed the 15% casein semi-synthetic diet for 4, 5, 6 and 7 weeks. At the end of the periods, the animals, 6 per each group, were killed by decapitation. The caecal contents were removed immediately after the sacrifice and analysed for total and volatile basic nitrogen and ureolytic activity.
Concentration of total nitrogen of caecal contents increased with prolonged feeding periods.
Concentration of volatile basic nitrogen showed little difference among the four groups.
Ureolytic activity of caecal contents which have been known to be the enzymatic activity of microbial origin, tended to increase with duration of the feeding period.
From these results, there seems to be little relationship between the volatile basic nitrogen concentration and ureolytic activity in the caecal contents of adult rats. And, it is infered that caecal ureolytic micro-organisms showed function activity in older rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (4765K)
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