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Volume 51 (1993)
- Issue 6 Pages 293-
- Issue 5 Pages 251-
- Issue 4 Pages 195-
- Issue 3 Pages 115-
- Issue 2 Pages 61-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 51, Issue 4
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Kiyoshi Miyai1993 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 195-206
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (995K) -
Yukari Egashira, Hiroo Sanada1993 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 207-214
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWater soluble dietary fiber (ASF) and insoluble dietary fiber (AIF) were isolated from apple pomace by the modified Asp method. The mixture of ASF or AIF and refined corn bran (RCB) [1:2 or 2:1 in dietary fiber (DF) content] was added at 3% DF level to hypercholesterolemic diet containing 1% cholesterol and 0.25% sodium cholate and given to rats for 10 days to study its hypocholesterolemic effects.
1) AIF or the mixture of AIF and RCB in the experimental diet did not effectively prevent elevation of serum or liver cholesterol content.
2) ASF, RCB and the mixture of ASF and RCB all showed significant effects for preventing elevation of the serum cholesterol level on day 9. The mixture of ASF and RCB (2:1 in DF content) showed a tendency to exhibit a stronger hypocholesterolemic activity than when used alone.
3) ASF, RCB and the mixture of ASF and RCB in the diet decreased liver cholesterol accumulation and dietary cholesterol absorption significantly and in similar degrees. These results indicate that one of the mechanisms of their hypocholesterolemic effect is probably due to prevention of dietary cholesterol absorption from the small intestine but that other mechanisms may be involved in these phenomena.View full abstractDownload PDF (727K) -
Toshiko Onoue, Miyuki Kato, Asako Tamura, Masashi Omori1993 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 215-219
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate ethnic dietary life in Japan, we quantitatively analyzed compositions and components of Japanese ethnic dishes. Three kinds of literature introducing ethnic dishes were used.
1) There were involved a total of 16, 770 cooking steps in 1, 855 kinds of dishes listed in the literature and the mean number of steps per dish was 9.3±1.9.
2) There were more dishes in Kyushu, Tohoku and Kinki than in order districts and a larger number of steps per dish were used in Kyushu and Shikoku.
3) As for the type of cooking steps, “cooking in seasoned broth” and “boiling in plain water” were the primary steps in as many as 33.7% and 17.2% of dishes respectively. As regards the secondary steps, “cutting” topped the list at 19.6%, followed by “stirring/mixing, kneading and grinding” at 19.1%.
4) It also became clear that secondary steps ranked high in frequency in each district and that these steps were important to ethnic dishes.View full abstractDownload PDF (460K) -
Mieko Nakamura, Keiko Nasu, Nobuo Aoki, Kiyoshi Shibata1993 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 221-233
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the relation between smoking, obesity and dietary habits and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), we carried out a cross-sectional study in 1991 in a rural town of Akabane in Japan. The subjects were 372 males and 459 females aged 35-65 years who participated in a health screening. The response rate was 63.3%. We evaluated the complete data obtained from 297 males and 379 females. The results were as follows:
1) Serum TBARS showed substantially logarithmic-normal distribution. The arithmetic mean of TBARS was higher in men than in women in two age groups (35-45, 50-65), and was higher in the latter than in the former.
2) Body mass index (BMI) was related to serum TBARS both in men and women, and habitual smoking increased serum TBARS in men aged 35-45 years.
3) Dietary habits were evaluated as the intake frequencies of foodstuffs such as meat, fish, beans, vegetables, eggs and milk in a typical week in the past year. There was observed a relation between fish intake and serum TBARS in the age group of 35-45, and a less frequent intake of vegetables was related to high serum TBARS in women. In the multiple linear regression analysis, the standardized regression coefficients for fish and vegetable intakes in women aged 35-45 years were 0.19 and -0.10 respectively. These findings show the importance of intake of various kinds of food.
4) Of the blood chemical parameters, triglyceride showed the strongest association with TBARS, and serum total cholesterol, uric acid and leukocyte count were also positively related with TBARS.
5) The study revealed that dietary habits, smoking, obesity and some blood chemical findings were related with serum TBARS. Further prospective studies are necessary to clarify the relationship between serum TBARS and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (1239K) -
Toshinao Goda, Sachiko Takase, Kunie Ohishi, Kazuko Makita1993 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 235-241
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the levels of consumption of milk as well as preference for milk in 1, 395 healthy subjects of various ages (3-69 years) in Shizuoka Prefecture to determine if there were age-related changes in milk consumption tendency and preference for milk. The results are summarized as follows:
1) In all age groups above 9 years of age, a majority (approximately 40%) consumed 200-400ml of whole cow's milk per day. In middle-aged subjects, the number of those who consumed 400ml or more of milk per day decreased with age, whereas there was a steady increase with age in the number of subjects who consumed no milk at all.
2) Preference for milk was scored by 1-5 points. The number of subjects who liked milk gradually decreased with age while the number of those who disliked milk increased with age; the number of older subjects at 60-69 years of age who disliked milk was twice as much as that of young adults who were 20-29 years old.
3) In children and subjects below 20 years of age, only 5-6% reported experience of symptomatic response to milk consumption. The number of adult subjects who experienced symptoms of milk intolerance gradually increased with age, reaching approximately 25% in the subjects aged 30 years or above.
4) The average score of preference for milk and the average level of milk consumption were calculated in each age group, and the patterns of age-related changes were compared between male and female subjects. Both milk consumption level and the score of preference for milk showed general age-dependent patterns in both males and females, and a significant correlation (p<0.001) between milk consumption and age was observed in female subjects. Temporary rises in the score of preference for and the levels of consumption of milk were observed only in female subjects. The first peak at 25-29 years of age may reflect the need of calcium during pregnancy and for a short period following child bearing, and the second peak at 50-59 years of age may be explained as an attempt to prevent osteoporosis following menopause.View full abstractDownload PDF (655K)
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