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Volume 54 (1996)
- Issue 6 Pages 331-
- Issue 5 Pages 271-
- Issue 4 Pages 231-
- Issue 3 Pages 143-
- Issue 2 Pages 71-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 54, Issue 2
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Momoko Yamaguchi1996 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 71-78
Published: April 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
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Hideto Matsuda1996 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 79-85
Published: April 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMasticatory power was investigated among female college students in order to study its relation with obesity. Of the 127 students investigated, 73.2% gave the answer “I chew well” while 59.8% chose “I eat quickly”. The subjects were divided into four groups based on their body mass index, and the results of the present investigation were analyzed accordingly. Compared with the lean students, the obese students were aware of eating food quickly. The subjects were asked to chew a gum (Juicy Fresh Gum, Lotte Co., Ltd.) to test their mastication power according to the conventional method which was partially modified. There necessarily was no correlation between the eating speed as recognized by the subjects themselves and the time actually required for chewing the gum. Thus, the actual eating speed was not consistent with self-awareness. The gum chewing time was particularly short and the amount of dissolved sugar small among the obese students, suggesting that they are likely to swallow food quickly without chewing well. The method used in this study is considered useful also for learning the mastication tendency in a large population. We will conduct a further investigation on a larger number of subjects.View full abstractDownload PDF (1104K) -
Shizue Yamaguchi, Toshi Haruki, Akiko Harada1996 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 87-96
Published: April 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe object of our study was to discover the role of dietary education given to children by their mothers in formation of the children's basic habits in daily life, particularly their eating behavior, and to confirm the adequacy of our previous categorization of mothers' eating behavioral patterns made in our first report.
1) The analysis revealed that there were differences with regard to “helping with preparation of meals” and “interest in food” between the age groups, “helping with preparation of meals” between sexes and “hygiene education” among the institutions they attended.
2) We found that those who were providing desirable dietary education were Pattern A, in which eating behavior was positively controlled, Pattern B, in which meals were prepared by the mothers themselves and Pattern C, in which modern eating behavior was practiced. Pattern A, found best in the present study, had also been evaluated as excellent in the food intake study.
In Pattern F, in which no interest was directed toward eating behavioral management and which relied on eating out, and Pattern G, in which no interest was directed toward eating behavioral management but home cooking was nonetheless emphasized, not enough dietary education was provided regarding “hygiene education”, “eating manners”, “helping with preparation of meals” or “interest in eating”.
3) It was revealed that there were different patterns in dietary education in relation to the mothers' eating behavioral patterns. It was thus confirmed that our categorization in the previous report was valid.View full abstractDownload PDF (2523K) -
Rie Aita, Sanae Watanabe, Hiroe Anakura, Chie Satou, Kaoruko Nishimura1996 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 97-108
Published: April 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA questionnaire survey was conducted on 1, 533 diabetic outpatients in order to evaluate their understanding of energy intake from food.
The patients were shown food and dietary samples and asked to estimate energy content units of each sample. Differences among the patients in responses, differences between the estimation and the actual energy content and the relation between estimation ability and clinical data were disclosed.
1) The caloric content of about 40% of the food and dietary samples, main dishes of takeout foods in particular, was underestimated while that of 30%, especially greasy dishes and fruits, was overestimated.
2) Women tended to underestimate more than men.
3) The aged group made bigger estimation errors than other age groups.
4) When broken down by the therapy, those on drug therapy made bigger errors than others.
5) Patients with obesity degree exceeding 120% underestimated the caloric content of about half the samples.
6) Regarding the list of food exchange for diabetes, underestimation was observed in respect of foods listed in Table 1 (grains, potatoes) and dishes served in restaurants while overestimation was seen for those in Tables 2 (fruits) and 5 (oil and fat).View full abstractDownload PDF (1729K) -
Tsuneyuki Oku, Hideo Kato, Tomoko Kunishige-Taguchi, Michiyo Hattori, ...1996 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 109-119
Published: April 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe stability of fat soluble components and physicochemical properties of EPA-and DHA-enriched eggs from hens which had been fed a high-EPA, high-DHA diet were investigated and compared with those of regular eggs. The eggs were stored for 0, 3 and 7 weeks at 4°C and 25°C. The egg weight decreased markedly during the 7-week storage (ρ<0.01) and the reduction was greater at 4°C than at 25°C. The egg yolk coefficient and concentrated albumen ratio decreased markedly during storage for 7 weeks at 25°C, but not at 4°C. The albumen pH (8.3) of EPA-and DHA-enriched eggs was significantly (ρ<0.001) lower than pH (8.9) of regular eggs in week 0 of storage, and the marked difference in pH between the two types of eggs was no longer seen at either week 3 or week 7 of storage. The contents of total lipids, total cholesterol and free fatty acids in egg yolks of both types did not change after storagefor 3 and 7 weeks at 4°C or 25°C. The EPA content per 100g of edible portion was 86mg for EPA-and DHA-enriched eggs and negligible for regular eggs. The DHA content was 497mg and 77mg for EPA-and DHA-enriched eggs and regular eggs respectively. Storage for 7 weeks at 25°C did not affect the EPA and DHA contents in eggs. These results indicate that EPA and DHA contained in eggs are very stable and that the EPA-and DHA-enriched eggs are a good source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.View full abstractDownload PDF (1634K) -
Miwako Narusaka1996 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 121-128
Published: April 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges in fat and fatty acid supplies were investigated from 1960 to 1990 at five year intervals in respect of 910 lunch menus in a school in Okayama City.
The results were as follows.
1) The average energy supply increased significantly from 1960 to 1975 and decreased from 1975 to 1985, but increased again from 1985 to 1990.
2) Total fat, total fatty acids, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, linoleic acid and n-6 fatty acids increased from 1960 to 1975, but decreased steadily from 1975 to 1990. Alpha-linolenic acid increased from 1960 to 1970, but decreased from 1970 to 1990.
The P/S ratio decreased from 1.9±1.3 (1960) to 0.5±0.1 (1990), and the n-6/n-3 ratio increased from 1960 to 1965 but leveled off afterwards up to 1990. The S:M:P ratio changed from 1: 2: 1.9 (1960) to 1:1.2:0.5 (1965) and from 1:1:0.4 (1975) to 1:0.9:2 (1990).
Regarding the balance of fat supply from animal, vegetable and fish sources between 1960 and 1975, the vegetable source accounted for the greatest ratio, which was replaced by animal source between 1980 and 1990. Supplies of arachidonic acid and cholesterol increased from 1960 to 1990.
3) The fat and fatty acid supply patterns underwent notable changes from 1960 to 1965 and from 1985 to 1990. Fats from cereals, milk, oils and meats considerably affected the fatsupply pattern from 1960 to 1990.View full abstractDownload PDF (1208K) -
Asako Tamura, Hiromi Saito, Toshiko Onoue, Miyuki Kato, Masashi Omori1996 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 129-133
Published: April 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
N. A. Nair1996 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 135-137
Published: April 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (702K)
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