All issues
Volume 72 (2014)
- Issue 6 Pages 281-
- Issue 5 Pages 221-
- Issue 4 Pages 181-
- Issue 3 Pages 113-
- Issue 2 Pages 51-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 72, Issue 3
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Original Articles
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Kumi Eto, Akemi Nakanishi, Yukari Takemi2014 Volume 72 Issue 3 Pages 113-125
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: This study aimed to examine the associations between family dinner frequency (FDF) and voluntary mealtime communication (VMC) at the 5th and 8th grades with dietary attitudes, dietary behaviors, and quality of life (QOL) among 8th graders.
Methods: Data were included from 598 students (303 boys and 295 girls) from all middle schools in Sakado City who completed questionnaires with valid responses twice, first in the 5th grade and then again in the 8th grade. Students were divided into four groups: students who had FDF 4 or more times/week and engaged in substantial VMC (group A), those who had FDF 4 or more times/week but engaged in minimal VMC (group B), those who had FDF 3 or fewer times/week but engaged in substantial VMC (group C), and those who had FDF 3 or fewer times/week and engaged in minimal VMC (group D). Differences in dietary attitudes, dietary behaviors, and QOL by the four groups at the 5th grade (longitudinal study) and at the 8th grade (cross-sectional study) were analyzed.
Results: The four groups at the 5th grade were longitudinally associated with few variables, whereas those at the 8th grade were cross-sectionally associated with many variables. Students in group A had more positive dietary attitudes, dietary behaviors, and QOL than did those in groups B and D. Covariance structure analysis showed that both FDF and VMC as measured in the 8th but not the 5th grade influenced each variable of 8th graders' QOL.
Conclusions: This study suggests that dietary attitudes, dietary behaviors, and QOL among 8th graders were associated with FDF and VMC at the same period but not at the 5th grade.View full abstractDownload PDF (1067K) -
Naomi Chisuwa, Yuki Kitabe, Toshi Haruki2014 Volume 72 Issue 3 Pages 126-136
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: This study aimed to examine the association between frequency of breakfast, family breakfast, family dinner and of dinner conversations, pleasantness at dinner and body image, dieting behavior and self-esteem (SE).
Methods: In total, 584 junior high school students, 444 second graders of two public schools (224 boys, 220 girls) and 140 first graders of one private school (55 boys, 85 girls), completed a self-administrated survey between October and December 2011. 485 valid responses (223 boys, 252 girls) were statistically analyzed for gender differences for all items and the association of body image, dieting behavior and SE with frequency of breakfast, family breakfast, family dinner and dinner conversations and pleasantness at dinner.
Results: Frequently eating a family breakfast was associated with higher family SE in boys and girls and higher global SE and positive body image in girls compared to rarely eating a family breakfast. Girls who frequently ate a family dinner tended to recognize their body as normal, had no desire for thinness and showed higher family SE. Boys and girls who had frequent dinner conversations and pleasant dinners showed higher family and global SE. Furthermore, girls who experienced pleasantness at dinner had less dieting behavior.
Conclusions: Daily breakfast, frequent family breakfast, and pleasant dinners with conversations were associated with positive body image and less dieting behavior in girls and higher SE in boys and girls. This study suggests a need for nutrition education for adolescents considering both eating habits at home and body image.View full abstractDownload PDF (930K)
Practical Solutions
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Kae Sakai, Takenori Yamashita, Sahoko Kihira, Chizuko Hotta2014 Volume 72 Issue 3 Pages 137-146
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: We investigated factors related to bone mass, including lifestyle and eating habits, in young women to devise nutrition education activities that prevent future osteoporosis and maintain and improve the quality of life.
Methods: We assessed the osteo sono-assessment index (OSI), body type, awareness of body type, eating habits, and exercise habits in female high school and university students. The high school and university students were into low bone mass and high bone mass groups. Differences between the mean values of continuous variables were estimated using a t-test, while categorical variables were analyzed using a chi-square test.
Results: The mean body mass index (BMI) of the university students was 19.5±1.9 kg/m2 in the low bone mass group and 21.1±2.9 kg/m2 in the high bone mass group, which was significantly higher. Moreover, 73.0% of the high school students and 79.2% of the university students had the desire to lose weight; however, less than 10% of the students surveyed were actually obese. Among the high school students, a significant correlation was observed between OSI and past exercise habits and between OSI and current exercise habits. Among the university students, a correlation was observed between OSI and BMI. Furthermore, OSI was higher in those who did not skip breakfast.
Conclusion: Our results suggested that it was important for young women to appropriately maintain their body weight with proper awareness of their body type, to continue exercising, and to receive nutrition education that focused on the consumption of breakfast to maintain and improve bone mass.View full abstractDownload PDF (924K)
Research & Field Notes
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Eri Osawa, Midori Ishikawa, Tomofumi Sone2014 Volume 72 Issue 3 Pages 147-155
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: This study reviewed international trends in regulation of the marketing of foods and beverages high in fat, sugar or salt (HFSS) to children and discussed challenges for developing policies to promote healthy dietary habits of children.
Methods: Countries were classified into 3 categories according to their policies for the regulation of the marketing of foods and beverages with HFSS to children. The categories were legislation, government guidelines, and self-regulation, as reported by the World Health Organization, Consumer International, and the International Association for the Study of Obesity. Regulations in the UK, Korea, and the USA were compared with respect to characteristics such as authority of entities, definitions of children, contents of regulation, and definition of HFSS foods and beverages.
Results: Children under 12 years old were common targets for marketing regulation in all 3 countries. It was common to define rules for or ban the use of characters or provision of free toys. TV advertising, broadcasting time, and contents of advertisements shown during children's TV programs were regulated. However, definitions of HFSS foods and beverages differed between countries.
Conclusion: It appeared to be standard practice to regulate marketing which encourage children under 12 years old to purchase foods and beverages with HFSS. The definition of HFSS foods and beverages differed between the countries examined in this study. It is therefore necessary to evaluate the impact of policy regulation on children's dietary habits and consider additional policies to promote healthy lifestyles for children on a global scale.View full abstractDownload PDF (926K) -
Tomoko Hamasaki, Rie Sakai , Nanae Dewake, Shima Yamada, Yuko Nima, Mi ...2014 Volume 72 Issue 3 Pages 156-165
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: Many studies have been conducted to examine the relationship between nutritional status and oral status. However, these studies examined associations relating to oral function. In this study, we focused on organic oral factors, including the state of the tongue, and examined the association between nutritional status and oral status in an elderly population receiving regular care assistance.
Methods: We assessed 82 elderly people (29 males, 53 females; mean age 81.5±7.2 years) who were living at home and receiving regular care assistance. Associations between oral status and nutritional status, lifestyle, dietary intake, types of food consumed, and nutritional value were examined.
Results: The nutritional status in the study population was related to 2 oral factors: the “thickness of the coating on the tongue” and the “spillage of food during a meal.” Some dietary habits, such as frequent consumption of bread as a snack, eating processed foods, low consumption of soy products and pickles, were observed in the study population. Individuals who spilled food during a meal typically had low protein energy ratios.
Conclusions: In this study, organic oral factors were found to be associated with nutritional status, dietary habits, and dietary nutritional value. Therefore, it is important to monitor the eating habits, dietary intake, and oral status in the elderly, so as to improve their nutritional status.View full abstractDownload PDF (1222K) -
Maiko Iwabe, Mika Iwaoka, Nobuo Yoshiike2014 Volume 72 Issue 3 Pages 166-179
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: A checklist evaluating reporting quality in nutrition and diet intervention studies, developed in Japan (Kawasaki et al, 2011) and based on the CONSORT statement (2001), was revised based on the 2010 CONSORT statement. We examine whether (1) reporting quality varies across articles detailing educational programs promoting vegetable consumption in children and (2) the checklist can evaluate reporting quality in a set of articles distinct from those targeted by Kawasaki (2011).
Methods: We searched three databases (“Igaku chuo zasshi,” CiNii, and PubMed) and 17 journals (concerning nutrition and child health) for articles published between 2003 and 2012, and evaluated them according to an expanded version of Kawasaki's (2011) checklist (39 versus 34 items). For each article we calculated scores according to presence or absence of checklist items, and compared these according to study design and journal type.
Results: Of 29 articles, 6 were non-randomized controlled trials (non-RCTs), 17 were before-after studies, 5 were case series, and 1 employed combined study design; 20 articles were published in peer-reviewed journals. Across articles, the average score (maximum = 47 points) was 24.0 (range: 10-40). Non-RCTs had the highest scores, followed by before-after and case series studies. Peer-reviewed articles also had higher scores.
Conclusions: The checklist was capable of evaluating reporting quality in articles on nutrition education among children. Furthermore, reporting quality varied according to study design and journal type.View full abstractDownload PDF (1036K)
Errata
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Misa Shimpo, Rie Akamatsu, Yuki Tamaura2014 Volume 72 Issue 3 Pages Errt03_1
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (548K)
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