To obtain a new anode material of lithium battery, electrochemical properties were investigated on Mg₂Sn intermetallic compound synthesized by mechanical alloying (MA) method. As a result, we found that the reversible insertion-extraction of a large amount of lithium can electrochemically occur in mechanically alloyed Mg₂Sn. The Mg₂Sn changed its own crystal structure from cubic to orthorhombic with increasing MA time. The compound exhibiting good performances as an anode had a mixture of cubic and orthorhombic phases. The discharge capacity of the Mg₂Sn electrode was still maintained at 250-300 mA h g⁻¹ even after the 20 times charge-discharge cycling. The reaction proceeded without any phase separation and/or decomposition of the compound. Mg₂Sn would be a promising anode material for lithium secondary batteries.

Several plateau potentials corresponded to La-Ni alloys were observed in measuring the potential change after molten salts electrolysis of La onto the Ni substrate. Lanthanum element was dissolved into molten salts as well as the alloying with the Ni substrate to form LaNi₅. This La dissolution was found to be caused by the moisture in molten salts. Moisture in molten salts acted as an oxidant. and La dissolution from LaNi₅ ingot and LaNi₅ film formed after La molten salts electrolysis took place.

A method for potential-dependant separation by an electrochemical reactor based on flow-through mode with a fluidized-bed carbon layer was described. In this method, activated synthetic carbons were used as a fluidized-bed electrode. Influence of surface acidic functional groups, applied potential and pH of surrounding electrolyte on the adsorption capacity of the activated carbons for benzoic acid and phenol was studied. Anodic polarization of the activated carbons was found to result in increase in adsorption capacity of the activated carbons for benzoic acid and entire oxidation of phenol. Application of cathodic external potential allowed regeneration of spent activated carbons. A practically available technique for developing and regenerating materials for effective electrochemical separation suitable for further application in electro adsorption was described in this work.

The effects of NO_x on the performance of MCFC were examined by cyclic voltammetry and bench-scale cell tests with the oxidant gas containing several levels of NO_x. NO_x poisoning has a larger effect on cell voltage in the early operating stage, but this effect tends to decrease with operating time. The main cause of the cell voltage drop is the increase in internal resistance, which is caused by the production of high resistance substances. As a result of the analyses of the electrolyte composition in the operated cells, gas composition and cyclic voltammograms, the behavior of NO_x in the cell was found as follows. NO_x reacts with carbonate to dissolve in the electrolyte as NO₂^－ and NO₃^－. These ions react with hydrogen in the fuel gas to form to N₂ and a small amount of NH₃. Consequently, NO₂^－ and N O₃^－ are not accumulated in the electrolyte, and the effects of NO_x on the cell life-time are small.

Potassium peroxodisulfate (5 g/dm³) reacted readily with water by UV irradiation (30 W mercury arc tube) even at room temperature. The reaction rate constant was estimated to be 3.5×10⁻³ S^−l from the relationship between irradiation time and logarithm of concentration of remaining potassium peroxodisulfate. The volume of oxygen produced by the reaction was well accordance with the stoichiometric value. The oxidation of ammonia (2.00 mg N/dm³) in water into nitrate ion also proceeded in 5 minutes at room temperature if UV irradiation was made to the solution in the presence of NH₃.