ENGLISH LINGUISTICS

ENGLISH INFINITIVAL RELATIVES AS PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

HIROSHI HASEGAWA

1998 Volume 15 Pages 1-27
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.1

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This paper offers an analysis of English infinitival relatives based on the framework of Chomsky's (1995) minimalist program. Infinitival relative clauses are analyzed as PPs headed by a null P, which take a CP as complement. We argue that this null head P has the property of attracting (an element with) the feature [+P(reposition)]. We show that various peculiar properties of infinitival relatives can be explained elegantly under our analysis from the interaction of general constraints such as the Head Movement Constraint, and a condition on the specifier-head agreement of the relative CP.

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DERIVATIONAL SELECTIONAL RESTRICTION AND RECONSTRUCTION

TORU ISHII

1998 Volume 15 Pages 28-49
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.28

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This paper proposes a derivational approach to selectional restrictions, arguing that it gives rise to a new system of phrase structure where there is an argument/adjunct asymmetry with respect to merger. In the system proposed here, arguments are required to be merged cyclically while adjuncts are required to be merged postcyclically, i.e., after argument-of relations are established. The proposed system receives strong empirical support from argument/adjunct asymmetries regarding reconstruction effects with Condition C of the binding theory, variable binding, and the interpretation of each other.

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TOWARDS SINGLE OUTPUT SYNTAX

HIROSHI TERADA

1998 Volume 15 Pages 50-80
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.50

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The purpose of this paper is to provide support for the Single Output Hypothesis (SOH), arguing against Chomsky's (1995: Chapter 4) view that weak features attract formal features after Spell-Out. The SOH advanced here is implemented in such a way that movement operations triggered by either strong or weak features take place before Spell-Out. Strong features require pied-piping of a whole category, while weak features attract formal features. This hypothesis makes it possible to improve Chomsky's proposals surrounding strict cyclicity, derivational c-command, immobility of traces, adjacency effects, and Q-insertion. It also weakens the motivations of certain global economy conditions.

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DO-SUPPORT AND TIER SCANSION: A MINIMALIST ACCOUNT OF HMC EFFECTS

HITOSHI AKAHANE

1998 Volume 15 Pages 81-110
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.81

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In this article, we discuss HMC effects, notably the timing of verb movement and do-support in English, within the Minimalist framework. To derive HMC effects (and ultimately, RM) from a basic mechanism of Attract/Move, we introduce some autosegmental theoretic notions, such as feature organization, adjacency and tier scansion and combine them with Attract/Move. Analyzing do-support as an HMC effect, we argue that Neg(ative)⁰ has a feature which attracts V⁰'s feature. We also discuss the historical change in the feature specification of English Neg⁰ and parametric differences in Neg⁰'s feature. Finally, it is suggested that a more general condition replace Chomsky's (1995: Ch. 4) MLC.

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TRANSITIVE EXPLETIVE CONSTRUCTIONS AND OVERT SUBJECT MOVEMENT

YUKA MAKITA

1998 Volume 15 Pages 111-138
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.111

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This paper presents an analysis of Transitive Expletive Constructions (TECs) within the framework of the Minimalist Program (Chomsky (1995)). In particular, my concern goes to the following two issues. The first one is why English does not allow TECs unless the subjects undergo Heavy NP Shift. The second one is why TECs with a non-postposed subject are acceptable in languages like Icelandic, but not in English. I will provide a unified account of these phenomena by arguing that overt subject movement out of vP is essential for convergence of TECs.

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PASSIVIZATION, TOUGH-MOVEMENT AND QUANTIFIER FLOAT: A FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS BASED ON PREDICATION RELATION

KEN-ICHI TAKAMI

1998 Volume 15 Pages 139-166
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.139

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This paper attempts to provide a unified account of the acceptability of the three seemingly distinct phenomena in English: passivization, tough-movement and quantifier float. I argue that the acceptability of passivization and tough-movement is subject to the functional requirement that a predication relation be established between the subject and the rest of the sentence. It is further shown that the acceptability of quantifier float is dependent on the constraint that a predication relation be also established between floated quantifiers, which serve as (secondary) subjects, and the elements that follow them.

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ON THE MECHANISM OF INTERPRETING ENGLISH TENSES IN INDIRECT SPEECH COMPLEMENT CLAUSES

NAOAKI WADA

1998 Volume 15 Pages 167-194
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.167

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This paper provides a principled explanation of the mechanism of interpreting English tenses in indirect speech complement clauses. To this end, the paper proposes an interpretive principle which is based on two theories: a compositional tense theory and Hirose's (1995, 1997a, 1997b) theory of reported speech. The former theory requires a distinction between the level of tense structure and the level of tense interpretation, on one hand, and a distinction between the absolute and the relative tense component, on the other; the latter theory introduces the notions of public self and private self. It will be shown that the proposed principle can not only solve problems with previous analyses, but also account for a variety of related temporal phenomena in English indirect speech.

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THE MAKE-CAUSATIVE IN ENGLISH: ITS STRUCTURE AND MEANING

MASANOBU OKUDA

1998 Volume 15 Pages 195-218
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.195

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The analysis presented in this paper accounts at the same time for the structural and distributional properties of the English periphrastic causative construction based on the verb make. Using the theory of cognitive grammar (Langacker (1987, 1991)), together with cultural cognitive models of causation, I investigate the meaning of the two variants of the verb and show that they categorize an event as involving direct and indirect causation, respectively. We account for the distribution of the variants in different contexts, and show that their syntactic behavior can also be explained in terms of the analysis of the distinction between them proposed here.

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ON THE POLYSEMY OF DITRANSITIVE SAVE: THE ROLE OF FRAME SEMANTICS IN CONSTRUCTION GRAMMAR

NORIKO NEMOTO

1998 Volume 15 Pages 219-242
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.219

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Save can encode different meanings in the same syntactic configuration. This article investigates the semantics of ditransitive save within the framework of Construction Grammar. Armed with frame semantics, a constructional approach is expected to encompass relatively idiosyncratic cases including ditransitive save. It is shown that this advantage cannot be obtained unless we have a proper conception of what it is like for frame-semantic meaning to be rich. This study introduces three background frames with fairly specific information, which is justified on the grounds that the present approach can succeed where approaches ignoring these frames fail.

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A CONSTRAINT ON THE WELL-FORMEDNESS OF OLD ENGLISH ALLITERATIVE VERSE

MASAO OKAZAKI

1998 Volume 15 Pages 243-280
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.243

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The well-formedness of half-lines of Old English alliterative verse is determined not only by the distribution of stress but also by the disposition of syllables. The relevance of the syllable disposition to determining the well-formedness of half-lines is seen in the fact that quadrisyllabic half-lines containing two unprefixed disyllabic words must not begin with a word headed by a light syllable. This fact is elegantly captured by a constraint which requires that half-lines of Old English alliterative verse contain at least three feet in Keyser and O'Neil's (1985) sense, and the introduction of the constraint into a theory of Old English poetic meter sheds new light upon some other peculiar aspects of Old English alliterative verse.

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THE“AVOID EMBEDDING”CONDITION AND THE CHECKER/CHECKEE ASYMMETRY

HIROYUKI TANAKA

1998 Volume 15 Pages 281-289
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.281

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IMPLICATIONS OF EMBEDDED TOPICALIZATION

HIDEKI MAKI, LIZANNE KAISER

1998 Volume 15 Pages 290-300
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.290

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A NOTE ON TENSE ISLANDS

YOSHIHIRO MUNEMASA

1998 Volume 15 Pages 301-308
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.301

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PHRASAL COMPOUNDS AND LEXICAL INTEGRITY

KYOKO KATO, TARO KAGEYAMA

1998 Volume 15 Pages 309-315
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.309

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THE LEXICAL SEMANTICS OF UNACCUSATIVITY AND ARGUMENT REALIZATION

Unaccusativity: At the Syntax-Lexical Semantics Interface, by Beth Levin and Malka Rappaport Hovav, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1995, xiii+336pp

HIDEKI KISHIMOTO

1998 Volume 15 Pages 316-338
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.316

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DONKEY ANAPHORA AND DYNAMICS OF JAPANESE PRONOUNS

Dynamics of Meaning: Anaphora, Presupposition, and the Theory of Grammar, by Gennaro Chierchia, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1995, xv+270pp

IKUMI IMANI

1998 Volume 15 Pages 339-362
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.339

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GENERALITY AND UNIFORMITY IN A RULE-BASED PARSER

Construal, by Lyn Frazier and Charles Clifton, Jr., The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1996, x+230pp

KENSUKE TAKONAI

1998 Volume 15 Pages 363-386
Published: 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.15.363

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