ENGLISH LINGUISTICS

SECONDARY PREDICATES, VP-INTERNAL SUBJECTS, AND MUTUAL C-COMMAND

HIROSHI HASEGAWA

1991 Volume 8 Pages 1-15
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.1

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This paper investigates the syntactic nature and behavior of three types of secondary predicates. We identify their syntactic positions based on some syntactic evidence. We explain certain data in terms of the crossing constraint, or Pesetsky's Path Containment Condition. We assume VP-internal subjects and Reinhart's definition of c-command, and show that various facts concerning the behavior of secondary predicates can be elegantly explained as a consequence of the interaction of general constraints such as the mutual c-command restriction and the crossing constraint.

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ON A CERTAIN NOMINAL USE OF BECAUSE-CLAUSES: JUST BECAUSE BECAUSE-CLAUSES CAN SUBSTITUTE FOR THAT-CLAUSES DOES NOT MEAN THAT THIS IS ALWAYS POSSIBLE

YUKIO HIROSE

1991 Volume 8 Pages 16-33
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.16

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This paper is concerned with the grammatical construction exemplified by the sentence used as the subtitle, Just because because-clauses can substitute for that-clauses does not mean that this is always possible, where the because-clause is used as a nominal clause. It is shown that, syntactically, this construction derives from the blending of a construction with a that-clause as subject and one with an adverbial because-clause, and that, semantically, the construction is used to deny the inferential process of drawing a certain conclusion from a certain factual premise and to express some doubt about the validity of the conclusion as well. Through a close investigation of this particular construction and some related matters, it is suggested that the syntax of a grammatical construction is constrained in such a way that the construction is used for exactly the purpose it is expected to serve.

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ON THE GENESIS OF THERE-CONSTRUCTIONS

ISAO INOUE

1991 Volume 8 Pages 34-51
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.34

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The most conspicuous property of the existential sentence (abbreviated as ES) is that the particular lexical item there occurs as an expletive subject. In order to account for this property, we investigate how children learn various there constructions, including ES. We propose that there is introduced into English ES through a reanalysis process which reanalyzes the deictic adverb there as an expletive subject. The reanalysis hypothesis involves the proposal that ontological ES and locational ES with a locative adverbial in end position constitute a prototype (or central) ES, which occurs first in the sequence of acquisition of ES.

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C-SELECTION AND S-SELECTION IN INHERITANCE PHENOMENA

TAKANE ITO

1991 Volume 8 Pages 52-67
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.52

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In this paper, we argue that inheritance of c-selection and inheritance of s-selection require mutually independent description. Support for this argument is found in several cases where only one or the other of the two types of selection is inherited. These examples, which may appear totally irregular, prove to be semiregular cases that can be given a reasonable account only by assuming that the two types of inheritance are independent of each other. This argument leads us to a view of the lexicon where syntactic information and semantic information are mutually independent.

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ACROSS-THE-BOARD EXTRACTION AND A THEORY OF CHAIN COMPOSITION

MAKOTO KONDO

1991 Volume 8 Pages 68-85
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.68

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The aim of this paper is to argue that Across-the-Board extraction should not be such a special kind of movement as has been suggested in Williams 1978 and others; rather, the construction should be derived by a general movement rule, and its grammatical status can be explained by independently motivated principles of grammar. The analysis in this paper is unique in that it gives a formal explanation to the difference in acceptability between two types of ungrammatical sentences derived by Across-the-Board extraction. The Empty Category Principle, the Condition on Quantifier Binding and a theory of chain composition play a crucial role in the analysis presented in this paper.

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ANOTHER TYPE OF SURPRISING ASYMMETRY

HIROYUKI URA

1991 Volume 8 Pages 86-103
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.86

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This article claims that the alteration between the interrogatives whom and accusative who, which is commonly considered to be stylistic, is, indeed, much more closely linked to syntax than to stylistics. It will be shown that sentences involving such alterations manifest what Pesetsky 1984 calls SURPRISING ASYMMETRY, and I will defend this claim with the aid of Rizzi's 1990 framework, which elegantly handles Pesetsky's asymmetry. As the discussion advances, it will be demonstrated both that whom, an overtly morphologically declined counterpart of accusative who, must somehow have its accusative Case realized, and that it is AGR-O that accomplishes this Case-realization. Furthermore, the work presented below will also elucidate the significance of the distinction between Case-assignment and Case-realization in syntactic theory.

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THE ROLE OF ASPECTUAL FEATURES IN MORPHOLOGY

YOKO YUMOTO

1991 Volume 8 Pages 104-123
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.104

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This paper argues that the process of morphological derivation involves not only the inheritance of thematic properties of argument structure but also that of aspectual features attributed to the conceptual structure in the sense of Jackendoff 1987. As evidence for this, it is shown that the restriction on the attributive use of the adjectival passive participle can be described in terms of the conceptual structure of the base verb. The unacceptablity of the compounding of some adjectival passive participles, which would pose problems for Levin & Rappaport's 1986 analysis, is explicable under my analysis. It leads us to an interesting claim as to the modularity of syntax and morphology.

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ON THE POSITION OF INFL IN OLD ENGLISH

SHINJI SAITO, MASAO OKAZAKI, MASAHARU SHIMADA

1991 Volume 8 Pages 124-144
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.124

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In this paper, we attempt to determine the underlying word order of Old English (OE) including the position of INFL. We will show that Early OE and Late OE are SOVI (S-VP-I) and SIOV (S-I-VP) languages, respectively, pointing out a striking difference in the distribution of stressless pronouns between them. On the basis of the underlying word order change in the history of English, we will propose a principle regulating word order change, which we call here the Principle of Parameter Percolation (PPP).

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PREPOSING AN ADVERB FROM A COMPLEMENT

KIJI MEGA

1991 Volume 8 Pages 145-153
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.145

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Relativized minimality. By LUIGI RIZZI. (Linguistic inquiry monograph, 16) Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1990. Pp. x, 147

YOSHIAKI KANEKO

1991 Volume 8 Pages 154-170
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.154

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Joohoo no nawabari riron (The theory of territory of information: A functional analysis of language) By AKIO KAMIO. Tokyo: Taishukan, 1990. Pp. viii, 277

KEN-ICHI TAKAMI

1991 Volume 8 Pages 171-189
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.171

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A natural history of negation. By LAURENCE R. HORN. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1989. Pp. xxii, 637

YASUHIKO KATO

1991 Volume 8 Pages 190-208
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.190

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As time goes by: Tense and universal grammar. By NORBERT HORNSTEIN. (A Bradford Book) Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1990. Pp. xii, 242

KEN-ICHI MIHARA

1991 Volume 8 Pages 209-225
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.209

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Semantic structures. By RAY JACKENDOFF. (Current studies in linguistics, 18) Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1990. Pp. xiv, 322

YOSHIKI NISHIMURA, EIJIRO TSUBOI

1991 Volume 8 Pages 226-243
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.226

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Dynamic dialectology: A study of language in time and space. By MIEKO OGURA. Tokyo: Kenkyusha, 1990. Pp. x, 303

MASATOMO UKAJI

1991 Volume 8 Pages 244-257
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.244

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Autosegmental and metrical phonology. By JOHN A GOLDSMITH. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1990. vii, 376

HARUO KUBOZONO

1991 Volume 8 Pages 258-275
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 24, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.8.258

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