Burr and Burr (1) reported that a deficiency of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid or linolenic acid results in the dysfunction of reproduction in rats. In the absence of these fatty acids there is degeneration or retrogradation in the testes of male rats; in female rats ovulation and fertilization are comparatively impaired and also there is death and resorption of the fetus. Thereafter, many same observations have been made in mice (2) and dogs (3), and it is well known that this polyunsaturated fatty acid is important for the reproduction. Actually it has been fairly cleared on its chemical formula, deficiency symptoms, physiological action, possibility of its synthesis in the animal body, absorption, storage, utilization, excretion and metabolism, using rats chiefly. But we have as yet very little information as to what is involved in the detailed investigation of the mechanism of its physiological action except the reports of Holmen et al (4-8), and its nature is still a matter of speculation. In earlier papers of this series (9) on the detailed biochemical investigation of the dysfunction of reproduction in the polyunsaturated fatty acid deficient rats several reports were made on the changes of lipids in the reproductive endocrine glands.
It is assumed that all gonadal functions are taken place under the control of the anterior hypophysis in mammals. So, it may throw some light on the mechanism of the action of the polyunsaturated fatty acid to investigate the gonadal function in its deficient rats which have shown the dysfunction of reproduction. This paper deals primary with the gonadotropic potency of the anterior hypophysis in the polyunsaturated fatty acid deficient rats.

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In order to compare the pancreatectomized dog with alloxan affected on the nature of the disordered carbohydrate metabolism, the author compared these two groups of animals on the presence or absence of a) the essential diabetic metabolic disorders and b) influences from extrapancreatic origins.
The methods adopted for the former were, 1) carbohydrate tolerance test, 2) test for the ability of sugar formation and 3) test for ketosis, and for the latter, test for insulin sensitivity of blood sugar.

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Before and after injection of single dose of ACTH, Cortisone or DCA into normal or alloxan diabetic rabbits, the auther determined the sugar and diastase values in the blood hour by hour for 6 hours. These determinations were done repeatedly 24 hours after injections. And the auther obtained following results ;
1) In cases of normal rabbits, (a) the blood sugar values increased only after injection of Cortisone, and after injection of ACTH or DCA they intended to decrease in the beginning and then turn to approach to the values before injection. But after injection of large quantity of ACTH, the blood sugar values increased in the beginning and then decreased later. Among these 3 kinds of hormones, DCA and large quantity of ACTH showed larger blood sugar decreasing ability. (b) On the diastatic activities of the blood, they increased only after injection of large quantity of Cortisone, and after injection of Cortisone (5 mg), ACTH or DCA they intended to decrease in the beginning and then turn to approach to the value before injection. On the other hand the blood diastase values decreased hour by hour until 6 hours after injection of large quantity of DCA. Among these hormones, 5 mg Cortisone and 10 mg DCA showed stronger blood diastase decreasing abilities. (c) In the respect of the relation between curves of blood sugar and diastase values, in cases of DCA or ACTH injections they were parallel in general, but in cases of Cortisone injections they showed nearly discrepancy each other.
2) In cases of alloxan diabetic rabbits after injections of these hormones, (a) the blood sugar values varied nearly identically with the cases of normal rabbits. Also in cases of alloxan rabbits, the blood sugar increased only after injection of Cortisone, and decreased significantly by ACTH or DCA. And among these hormones, DCA had the largest blood sugar decreasing power. (b) To the diastase values of the blood, ACTH showed the most remarkable changes, and after injection of it, the blood diastatic activities showed remarkable increase. On the other hand after injection of Cortisone or DCA the sugar and diastase values of the blood decreased. (c) Concerning to the relation between the curves of blood sugar and diastase values, they showed parallel after injection of DCA, and were discrepant each other by Cortisone or ACTH.
3) Comparing normal rabbits with alloxan ones on the variations of blood sugar and diastase values after injections of these three kinds of hormones, the auther found following marked differences between both kinds of rabbits. (a) After injection of ACTH there existed especially remarkable difference on blood diastase values between the both kinds of rabbits, and in cases of normal rabbits, the blood diastase values decreased slightly after the injection, but in alloxan cases they showed surprising marked increase. (b) After injection of Cortisone, the blood sugar rose in both cases, and the increasing rate in alloxan case was more slight than that of in normal case. On the other hand the blood diastase value increased moderately after injection of 10 mg Cortisone in normal case, but in alloxan case decreased and then the diastatic activity reached at the lowest level 6 hours after injection. (c) After injection of DCA, in normal case, both of the sugar and diastase values in the blood decreased slightly or moderately, but in alloxan diabetic case, both of them decreased intensively after injection.
In the experimental studies above mentioned, the most impressive fact was that in cases of alloxan rabbits the blood diastatic activity increased markedly after ACTH injection, however it was decreased by Cortisone or DCA injection.
The reason why the slip of the diastatic enzyme in blood is caused in case of alloxan rabbit, it is interesting theme to study.

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By means of Ogawa's Ferricyanide method and the representation in which the reducing power of several substance (Uric acid, Creatinine and Glucuronic acid) is expressed in the term of glucose equivalent, I studied the change of the pattern of urinary reducing substance after environmental changes or other stress.
1) In all cases of surgical operations investigated the remarkable increase of the urinary concentrations glucose or the ratio of the reducing power of glucose to that of all the reducing substances in urine (G/TR) was the most definite and constant finding. For the clinical purposes. the ratio may be a preferable indicator to the absolute value of urinary glucose.
2) In the cases under the other stressors, such as muscular excercise and low pressure environment, the similar changes of the pattern were also observed.
3) Finally, the change of the pattern of urinary reducing substances after ACTH administration was investigated and it was revealed that it caused a definite increase in the value of the G/TR after 12 hours after the administration of ACTH.
It is suggested from the results obtained that endocrine including the function of the adrenal-pituitary-system may play a important role in regulationg the change in the carbohydrate metabolism under stress, although the other various factors (viz. functions of hypothalamus, liver etc.) may be related to the metabolism.
To sum up: 1) the increase in the amount of urinary glucose and ratio of glucose to total reducing substance expressed in the term of glucose equivalent was remarkable after various stresses and the ACTH administration. 2) This led me to regard our method above described as a unique, clinical indicator of carbohydrate metabolism under stress.

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