日本内分泌学会雑誌
Online ISSN : 2186-506X
Print ISSN : 0029-0661
ISSN-L : 0029-0661
36 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1~6を表示しています
  • 1960 年 36 巻 7 号 p. 1106-1140
    発行日: 1960/10/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 山本 義明
    1960 年 36 巻 7 号 p. 1141-1168,1099
    発行日: 1960/10/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    Two male Wistar-strain rats in the F7 generation (Experiment A), which were obtained by successive mating of alloxan-diabetic males and non-diabetic females for 7 generations, and two rats in the F5 generation (Experiment B), which were obtained by successive mating of alloxan-diabetic males and alloxan-diabetic females for 5 generations, were mated with normal Wister-strain rats in order to obtain the offsprings which are called F1 rats in the present experiment. All of the male parents had “spontaneous diabetes”; and the former, in Experiment A, brother-sister breeding was continued until the F5 rats were obtained. In Experiment B, mating the F1 males and normal females was carried out until the F3 animals were obtained. A total of ninety rats thus obtained in both Experiment A and B were sacrificed on the 90th day after birth, weighing over 150 grams examined histometrically.
    The following results were obtained, comparing with 7 normal rats of the same age and body weight.
    1) No marked difference in the increase of body weight was found between the experimental rats and normal rats.
    2) None of the experimental animals showed the signs of development of “spontaneous diabetes”.
    3) No significant changes were found in the glandular cells of the pancreas. A slight decrease in the number and area of α-cells of Langerhans' islets was able to be found in the F1 animals of both Experiment A and B. No other significant changes in α-cells could be found in the later generations of mating.
    4) The following remarkable changes were found, however, in the β-cells of Langerhans' islets :
    (a) The F1 rats in both Experiment A and B, obtained by the mating normal females (number of β-cells being 66.7 in average) and “spantaneous diabetic” males (number of β-cells being 17 in average), had 35.3 to 45.6 β-cells, an average of 39.8±2.7, this value being slightly less than the mean of β-cells of the parents.
    (b) In Experiment A, the youngs obtained from the mating within the littermates in the F1 had 47.7 to 53.7 β-cells, an average of 50.8±1.6 ; the youngs within the littermates in the F2 55.2 to 60.3, an average of 57.8±1.8 ; the youngs within the littermates in the F3 63.6 to 65.4, an average of 65.0±0.8 ; the youngs within the littermates in the F4 63.8 to 69.3, an average of 66.9±1.7. The value in the F4 was almost identical with that of normal rats, the recovery to normal condition being seen, therefore, in the F4 offsprings.
    (c) The youngs (F2 rat) obtained from the mating normal females (number of β-cells being 66.7) and the F1 males in Experiment B (number of β-cells being 38.3) had 54.4 to 57.8 β-cells, an average of 56.4±1.0 ; the youngs from the mating normal females (66.7) and the F2 (56.4) had 62.1 to 68.1, an average of 64.3±2.2. These findings indicate that the number of the β-cell increases much more rapidly approaching the normal value in Experiment B than in Experiment A, being illustrated in (b), in which mating is made within the littermates from non-diabetic parents with diabetic disposition.
    5) The following results were obtained in the area of both β-cell and Langerhans' islet of the pancreas :
    (a) A slight decrease from normal value was seen in the F1 rats in both Experiment A and B.
    (b) In the youngs (F2 to F5 in Experiment A) from mating within the littermates, obtained from the non-diabetic parents with diabetic disposition, a slight increase over their respective parents was seen, with a tendency to approach the normal value as the mating generation advanced.
  • 井関 満夫
    1960 年 36 巻 7 号 p. 1169-1211,1100
    発行日: 1960/10/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    Spontaneously diabetic rabbits were obtained in the descendants F4 or F5 by mating in each generation the parent animals suffering from 5- (p-Hydroxyphenylazo) -8-hydroxyquinoline or alloxan diabetes for over one month. The first spontaneously diabetic rabbits obtained in this way, were named F1 of experimental congenital diabetic rabbit, and litters from these F1 male and F1 female with diabetes for over 30 days were named F2. Repeating this procedure, F3 and F4 rabbits were obtained and the course of these 64 F rabbits (F1-F4) was observed.
    Among them 36 rabbits, died or killed, were studied histologically and histometrically on the changes in their Langerhans' islets and in certain endocrine organs. The following results were obtained in contrast with 45 control rabbits.
    1) The F1, F2, and F3 rabbits showed better growth, and were heavier from 10 to 20% than normal rabbits. Many of them weighed over 4.5 kg in the maximum body weight. The increase in body weight is striking especially in female rabbits.
    2) The blood sugar level of over 170-200 mg/dl and glucosuria for over 5 days were taken as the index for diabetic state, and the rate of occurrence of the spontaneous diabetes in F rabbits which lived 120 days, increased as generation progressed, as F1 44.4 %, F2 55.5%, F3 100%. The time of the first appearance of sugar in urine was shortened from generation to generation, as F1 135 days, F2 114 days, F3 81 days, suggesting the anticipation of diabetes.
    3) The causes of death in these F1, F2 and F3 rabbits were diarrhea in 10 animals, pneumonia in 5, motor paralysis of legs in 2, ileus in 1, acute cecitis in 1 and pleurisy in 1.
    4) The adrenal, the pituitary and the thyroid glands of F1, F2 and F3 rabbits were heavier than those of normal controls.
    5) The pancreas : In non-diabetic litter rabbits, Langerhan's islets were smaller in size and the number of the β-cells was reduced. And these reduction in the number of the β-cells was remarkable especially in non-diabetic long lived litters (510-908 days). There was also the proliferation of α-cells, but there was little degenerative cellular change.
    The islets in the spontaneously diabetic animals were larger than those of non-diabetic ones. And the increase in the number of the β-cells, accompanied with many hydropic degenerative cells, cells with piknotized nuclei, degranulated cells etc. was found.
    In the recovered spontaneously diabetic rabbits, large, round islets due to the regenerative proliferation and hypertrophy of the β-cells were recognized. Besides them there were islets with the β-cells with hydropic degeneration or piknotic atrophic changes of nuclei and with globular dilatation of capillaries, slit formation and so no, which were found in rabbit with continued diabetes.
    6) The adrenals : There was no abnormality in the width of the glomerular layer, but the fascicular layer was hypertrophied.
    Histologically, no marked change was found in the glomerular layer, but in the fascicular layer there was diffuse appearance of parenchymatous cells especially in the spontarously diabetic animals.
    7) The pituitary gland : All the animals showed increase in the eosinophilic cells in the pituitary gland. Especially, the pituitary of the spontaneously diabetic rabbits showed marked increase in these cells accompanied with degeneration and atrophy, but in the spontaneously recovered diabetic rabbits, these degenerative changes were slight.
    8) The thyroid gland : Generally they showed the changes suggesting parenchymatous microfollicular struma.
    In two non-diabetic animals,
  • 西内 憲章
    1960 年 36 巻 7 号 p. 1212-1238,1102
    発行日: 1960/10/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The author produced alloxan diabetes in male and female animals using the Wistar-strain rats, and after the diabetes persisted for more than one month these rats were mated, and embryonal and histometrical studies of the Langerhans' islets were done in 42 cases of embryos on the 11 th, 12th, 13th, 15th, 17th and 19th day after conception and in 52 offsprings 10, 30, 90,120,180,270,360,450 and 540 days after birth (F1). Comparing the results with the findings of 35 cases of embryos of normal rats having an identical period of conception and of 61 cases of normal rats having an identical period of conception and of 61 cases of normal rats having the identical number of days after birth, the following conclusions might be made :
    (1) The primordial islet cells appeared first in dorsal pancreas primordium in normal embryos, and embryos having diabetic parents.
    (2) With normal embryos, primordial islet cells appeared before the 12th day after conception, with embryos from diabetic parents, they appeared before and after the 12th day, indicating a tendency to delay slightly as compared with normal embryos.
    (3) Regarding the primary large islets on the 13th day of conception, it was found that embryos from diabetic parents had considerably smaller islets as compared with normal ones, while the number of cells, also, was found to be less.
    The primary small islets of embryos from diabetic parents 13 days after conception, likewise, indicated an obstructed growth (smaller number).
    (4) On the 15th day of conception, the appearance of the secondary islets was noticed. With embryos from diabetic parents, however, the appearance was delayed, while the number of islet cells was delayed, while the number of islet cells was smaller.
    (5) On the 15th day of conception, the primary islets of embryos from diabetic parents were seen to persist to a great extent, indicating a tendency to delay in the segmentation due to the mesenchymal tissue.
    (6) On the 17th day of conception, both normal embryos and embryos from diabetic parents indicated vigorous growth and proliferation of secondary islets. In embryos from diabetic parents the number of cells constituting the secondary islets was smaller than in embryos from normal parents and they had a larger cell and islet area.
    (7) On the 19th day of conception, both normal embryos and embryos from diabetic parents showed the appearance of proper Langerhans' islets. Although no difinite conclusion could be obtained on the respective time of their appearance, it was found that the average number of cells in each islet was less in embryos from diabetic parents as compared with normal ones. The respective area of cells and islets was found to be larger in the embryos from diabetic parents.
    (8) Through the entire length of the embryonal period, the cells of the islets were derived, in the early stages of their appearance, from pancreas primordial cells, and, in the subsequent stages, from either the epithelium of the primitive pancreatic tubes or cells of pancreatic tubes, we saw none which originated from the cells of acinus. Also, in both categories of embryos, collapse and disappearance of the cells of the primary large islets were not seen.
    (9) The number of cells in a Langerhans' islet, in the newborn rats diabetic parents (during pregnancy, mothers were not administered with insulin), showed an average decrease of about five cells, while a marked increase was seen in the size of cells and islets.
    (10) On the 10th day after birth, children from diabetic parents (during pregnancy mothers were not administered with insulin) showed a decrease in the number of β-cells in each islet, as compared with normal ones (ten days after birth, an apparent distinction existed α-and β-cells), while α-cells indicated no difference in the number. The size of β-cells and islets, respectively, was still found to be slightly larger than normal.
  • 藤井 脩
    1960 年 36 巻 7 号 p. 1239-1272,1103
    発行日: 1960/10/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The author induced steroid diabetes mellitus in guinea pigs by daily administration of 5-10 mg of hydrocortisone, and carried out the following experiments in order to investigate the effect of diabetes mellitus on posterity.
    First, male guinea pigs with steroid diabetes mellitus of 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26 days in duration, were mated with normal female guinea pigs. Biometric investigation was made on the Langerhans' islets of pancreas of two cases of each youngs, 90 days after birth, and also on those of 3 cases born of female guinea pigs with steroid diabetes mellitus during the period of pregnancy (time following the 10th day after mating), 90 days, 120 days and 150 days after birth. Further, female and male guinea pigs with steroid diabetes mellitus of over 35 days in duration were mated for four successive generations and the course of growth of 66 cases of F1-F4 guinea pigs was observed. Biometric investigation of pancreas and other organs of 19 of these cases was carried out and the following results were obtained.
    (1) When male guinea pigs with steroid diabetes mellitus and normal female guinea pigs were mated, no changes were observed in the Langerhans' islets of all those born of guinea pigs with diabetes mellitus of 21, 22 and 23 days in duration, and also in one out of the two cases born of guinea pigs with the disease of 24 days in duration. A decrease in the number of β-cells of the Langerhans' islet by 9 to 10, a decrease in the size of β-cell by 4 to 5μ2 and a decrease in the area of the islet by 12-13 × 100μ2 were observed in one out of the two cases born of guinea pigs with 24 days' duration of diabetes mellitus and in all those born of guinea pigs with 25 and 26 days' duration.
    (2) No changes were observed in the mature youngs of female guinea pigs with steroid diabetes mellitus during the period of pregnancy.
    (3) In the offsprings of male and female guinea pigs with steroid diabetes mellitus for successive generations, there was a decrease in the number of β-cells, and in the areas of β-cell and Langerhans' islet, which grew smaller from generation to generation. That is, there was a decrease by 17 in the number of the cells, and 9μ2 and 26 × 100μ2 respectively in the areas of β-cell and Langerhans' islet, in each generation.
    (4) In the offsprings of male and female guinea pigs with steroid diabetes mellitus for successive generations, there was a slight increase in the weight of adrenal glands, and the cortex became larger from geneneration to generation, which was found to be due mainly to the hypertrophy of zona fasciculata which became intensified with the progress of generation : The increase of zona fasciculata in each generation was 1-1.5 mm2.
    (5) In the offsprings of male and female guinea pigs with steroid diabetes mellitus for successive generations, the percentage of acidophilic cells in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland had increased, while that of the neutrophilic cells had decreased, and these changes advanced with the progress of generation, from F1 to F2, F3, the increase being 4.5% in each generation and the decrease 7.1%. Also, the basophilic cells showed a slight tendency to increase. The cell area of each of these cells was slightly larger in F guinea pigs.
    (6) In the offsprings of male and female guinea pigs with steroid diabetes mellitus for successive generations, the follicles and follicular lumen in the thyroid glands had grown larger with the progress of generation, and the epithelial cells of follicles were small in most cases. The pancreatic acinous cells, liver cells, seminiferous tubuli in the testis, and renal glomeruli did not show significant difference from normal state.
    (7) The amount of subcutaneously injected hydrocortisone,
  • 松浦 道博
    1960 年 36 巻 7 号 p. 1273-1277,1105
    発行日: 1960/10/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The author, studying upon the control action of BZ55 and of insulin on sugar formation from several suger forming non-sugar substances (alanine, glycerol and sodium butylate) in normal and mild alloxan diabetic rabbits, obtained following results :
    (a) It is confirmed that BZ55 controls the sugar formation from these substances.
    (b) The control action of BZ55 on sugar formation is similar to that of insulin in general.
    BZ55 accelerates the treatment of injected sodium butylate, and the action is almost similar to the action of insulin.
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