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Volume 49, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Part 6. On the clinical picture of hypothalamic hypothyroidismMasahiro SAKODA, Hidetaro MORI, Makoto OTSUKI, Makoto TATEIWA, Shigeak ...1973 Volume 49 Issue 5 Pages 750-760,743
Published: May 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHypothyroidism causing from hypothalamic lesion has been postulated as hypothalamic hypothyroidism in the past, but this diagnosis could not be made until TRF made direct testing of pituitary function possible. The 4 subjects with hypothalamic hypothyroidism were studied by histological and laboratorical examinations.
Histological studies revealed that 2 of them had craniopharyngioma of chiasma region, 1 had ectopic pinealoma of floor of 3rd ventricle and 1 was diagnosed as meningioma situated near sella turtica. All 4 subjects had hypothyroidism and undetectable or low serum thyrotropin levels, with a normal response to TRF in which some case showed a delay of TSH increase.
The 4 subjects with hypothalamic hypothyroidism had evidence of other endocrine deficits : case with ectopic pinealoma showed panhypopituitarism evidenced by low excretion of urinary corticoid, blunted response of HGH following insulin induced hypoglycemia, existence of infantile appearance of male gonad and diabetes insipidus. The other 3 cases also had deficient growth-hormone reserve but showed almost normal adrenocortical functions. Frequency and histological background of hypothalamic hypothyroidism were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1264K) -
Part 7. Mode of TRF Induced TSH Response in Hypothalamic Pituitary DisordersMasahiro SAKODA, Makoto OTSUKI, Makoto TATEIWA, Hiroyoshi FUKATSU, Shi ...1973 Volume 49 Issue 5 Pages 761-768,744
Published: May 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mode of TRF induced TSH increase was observed in 30 cases with hypothalamic pituitary disorders who are well documented with laboratorical and histological examinations.
Most of patients with hypothalamic lesions causing from craniopharyngioma, meningioma and ectopic pinealoma showed delayed TSH response to TRF.
Several pattern of TSH response : normal, subnormal and absent TSH response were observed in the patients with pituitary chromophobe adenoma.
About the half cases of pituitary chromophobe adenoma showed normal TSH response after TRF administration.
Acromegalic patients also responded normally or subnormally with or without delayed TSH increase.
Cases of hypothalamic lesions and pituitary chromophobe adenoma who showed subnormal or absent response to TRH accompanied with secondary hypothyroidism frequently.
Low level of thyroid function was also observed in the patients with hypothalamic lesion, chromophobe adenoma and acromegaly whose TRF test was normal TSH response.View full abstractDownload PDF (1012K) -
Yoshiko KUROBE, Yuichi HASHIMOTO, Takeshi OHUCHI1973 Volume 49 Issue 5 Pages 769-774,745
Published: May 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple method for the assay of human serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) activity was investigated. The changes in the enzyme activity were studied under various conditions.
There was a wide range of the normal serum DBH activities (0.2-36.9, expressed as μg octopamine formed/ 0.5 ml serum / 20 minutes). The mean value of the enzyme activities ± standard error of the mean were 10.8 ± 1.3 (range 0.7-36.9) in 45 normal male subjects and 7.4 ± 0.7 (range 0.2-22.7) in 47 normal female subjects, respectively. However, the enzyme activity was almost constant during the course of a day.
The elevated serum DBH activity in the patients with pheochromocytoma was decreased after a complete removal of the tumor. The change was parallel with the decrease in the urinary excretion of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E) and vanyllyl-mandelic acid.
The result suggested that the serum. DBH activity might be an index of the increased release of NE and / or E from chromaffin cell tumor of the adrenal medulla.View full abstractDownload PDF (658K) -
H. OYAMA, N. SUETSUGU, K. KOBAYASHI, K. NAKASHIMA, M. TAJIRI, S. ABE, ...1973 Volume 49 Issue 5 Pages 775-780,746
Published: May 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGrowth Hormone response to insulin induced hypoglycemia were studied in six hypothyroid patients before and during treatments.
Serum Growth Hormone and Thyrotropin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay techniques (double antibody method).
No responses of Growth Hormone to insulin induced hypoglycemia were noted in all cases in spite of sufficient hypoglycemia before treatment.
Types of Growth Hormone response to insulin induced hypoglycemia during supplementary therapy may be divided into two groups. In one group (4 cases), small rises in Growth Hormone levels after insulin load were noted within 2 to 3 weeks of treatment. But 1 to 2 months was required to obtain normal Growth Hormone secretion following insulin hypoglycemia. In the other group (2 cases), impaired Growth Hormone response were observed after 3 months of treatment in spite of normal levels of RT3U, RT4U and PBI. Serum Thyrotropin levels decreased gradually after administration of the thyroid hormone preparations (desiccated thyroid or synthetic L-thyroxine). Normal Growth Hormone response to hypoglycemia was noted after treatment of more than 100 days in these 2 cases. And it seemed likely that serum Thyrotropin levels reflect actual thyroid hormone levels.
Diurnal variations of serum Thyrotropin were studied in 8 hypothyroidic subjects and a female subject with Hashimoto's thyroiditis showed a marked increase in serum Thyrotropin levels at night (8 pm to 4 am). No diurnal variations of serum Thyrotropin levels were observed in the other cases.
Also high serum Thyrotropin level of 8,200 μu per ml was noted in case No. 5 (24 years old female). Serum Thyrotropin levels of this patient ranged from 2,800 to 8,200 μu per ml within a day.View full abstractDownload PDF (756K) -
I. Aldosterone and Renin-AngiotensinSoitsu FUKUCHI, Takahiko TAKENOUCHI, Katsuo NAKAJIMA1973 Volume 49 Issue 5 Pages 781-787,747
Published: May 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperiments were undertaken to clarify the mechanism of aldosterone secretion in primary aldosteronism. Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone levels were measured upon maneuvers designed to stimulate or suppress aldosterone secretion. The results as follows :
1. Upright position with furosemide administration increased slightly plasma renin activity from 0.16 ± 0.17 to 0.29 ± 0.22 ng/ml/h (0.1>p>0.05) and plasma aldosterone levels from 65.3 ± 35.8 to 161.1 ± 145.1 ng/dl (0.1>p>0.05) in 8 cases with primary aldosteronism. Following removal of adrenal adenoma, plasma renin activity changed from 0.84 to 0.87 ng/ml/h, on the other hand, plasma aldosterone levels from 0 to 18.6 ng/dl, upon two-hour standing after furosemide administration.
2. Plasma renin activity raised from 0.08±0.09 to 0.26±0.11 ng/ml/h (0.025>p>0.01), plasma aldosterone levels from 36.1±23.0 to 48.9 ± 38.8 ng/dl (p>0.1) upon sodium deprivation with hydrochlorothiazide and spironolactone administration.
3. Angiotensin infusion changed plasma renin activity from 0.29 ± 0.18 to 0.35 ± 0.24 ng/ml/h (p>0.1) and plasma aldosterone levels from 58.7 ± 59.5 to 37.4 ± 20.8 ng/dl (p> 0.1). In normal subjects plasma renin activity decreased from 0.92 ± 0.58 to 0.47 ± 0.20 ng/ml/h (p>0.1), plasma aldosterone levels increased from 11.0 ± 3.1 to 20.7 ± 8.5 ng/dl (0.05>p>0.025).
4. Plasma renin activity changed from 0.23 ± 0.22 to 0.17 ± 0.12 ng/ml/h (p>0.1) after 1 litre, to 0.17 ± 0.11 ng/ml/hafter 2 litres of saline administration. Plasma aldosterone levels decreased from 52.8 ± 23.3 to 40.7 ± 20.4 after 1 litre and to 42.4 ± 20.6 ng/dl after 2 litres of saline administration. In control subjects, plasma renin activity decreased from 1.53 ± 0.16 to 0.40 ± 0.21 ng/ml/h after 1 litre and to 0.26 ± 0.21 ng/ml/h after 2 litres of saline administration. Plasma aldosterone decreased from 16.0 ± 3.0 to 6.7 ± 1.5 ng/dl after 1 litre and to 5.5 ± 1.6 ng/dl after 2 litres of saline administration (<0.005).
From these results described above, it is concluded that the aldosterone secretion in primary aldosteronism is not regulated by the renin-angiotensin system. The changes of plasma aldosterone on angiotensin II infusion and saline administration were useful for the diagnosis of this disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (823K) -
1. Determination of Urinary 6β-Hydroxycortisol in Normal SubjectsSatoshi YAMADA1973 Volume 49 Issue 5 Pages 788-798,748
Published: May 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS6β-Hydroxycortisol is a major unconjugated metabolite of cortisol in human urine. It has been proved that it is formed largely in the liver and secreted directly from the adrenal cortex only in small amounts. Conney has indicated that the measurement of the urinary excretion of 6β-hydroxycortisol provides a useful index of the activity of liver microsomal hydroxylases in man.
It is the purpose of this report to describe a method, modified from the technique of Frantz et al., for the determination of 6β-hydroxcortisol in urine and to present the normal levels of urinary 6β-hydroxycortisol excretion. Its excretion under several conditions and following administration of certain drugs will be reported separately.
Modifications of the method of Frantz et al. are as follows : Before extraction 100 ml of the urine sample and the equal volume of ethyl acetate were warmed to about 30°C separately. Emulsion formation did not occur entirely during the extraction procedure by this additional simple manipulation. The solvent system S-I (benzene : ethyl acetate : methanol : water 6 : 4 : 5 : 5) and S-II (benzene : ethyl acetate : methanol : water 8 : 2 : 5 : 5) were used for the paper chromatographic separation of 6β-hydroxycortisol. In each system, a 30 cm run, requiring 2 hours, was carried out after equilibration for 1.5 hours. Considerable amounts of the urinary pigments, that had the same chromatographic mobility as urinary 6β-hydroxycortisol in the system Y (chloroform : ethyl acetate : methanol : water 75 : 25 : 50 : 50) and disturbed the observation of the ultraviolet-absorbing band of the steroid under a 254 mu light, were removed in the system S-I. The urinary 6β-hydroxycortisol was subjected to the second paper chromatograchy in which the system S-II was used. 6β-Hydroxycortisol was purified sufficiently from the urinary pigments and other nonsteroidal substances to yield a sharply defined cobalt-blue band on the paper chromatogram under a ultraviolet light following the second chromatographic separation. The normal levels of urinary 6β-hydroxycortisol ranged from 152 to 593 μg/24 hr with a mean ± SD of 363 ± 102 μg/24 hr in 13 males, ages 24 to 38, ranged from 316 to 434 μg/24 hr with a mean ± SD of 386+36 μg/24 hr in 8 males, ages 40 to 60, ranged from 225 to 633 μg/24 hr with a mean ± SD of 429 ± 125 μg/24 hr in 9 females, ages 16 to 33, and ranged from 243 to 690 μg/24 hr with a mean ± SD of 448 ± 152 μg/24 hr in 7 females, ages 40 to 60. The levels of urinary 6β-hydroxycortisol in normal females appeared to be slightly higher than those in normal males. However, most values were within the range of 200-500 μg/24 hr in both normal males and females.View full abstractDownload PDF (1074K) -
The alternation of respiration, anaerobic fructolysis, motility and acrosome reaction following sperm maturationShigeru AONUMA, Tadanori MAYUMI, Koji SUZUKI, Masaru OKABE, Hiroko KAW ...1973 Volume 49 Issue 5 Pages 799-804,749
Published: May 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe phenomena of “capacitation” and “decapacitation” of mammalian sperm have been shown by Austin, Chang, Bedford et al., and Williams demonstrated that the decapacitation factor existed in the epididymal fluid. Furthermore, the maturation of sperm from unripe to ripe was done in the epididymis. From the viewpoint that the sperm capacitation is primarily a renewal of the maturation process in the male reproductive tract, the present experimental studies were designed to investigate the alternation of respiration, anaerobic fructolysis, motility and acrosome reaction of sperm following the maturation in the epididymis. Unripe and ripe sperm in the epididymis were obtained from sacrificed male guinea pig, and suspended in buffer. Respiration and anaerobic fructolysis were determined by means of Warburg apparatus. Motility was carried out by the method of Schwarz. Acrosome reaction was observed by Barros's method after the epididymal sperm was incubated in the estrogen-dominated uterus for 9 hr.
The results obtained are as follows.
1) The anaerobic fructolysis of ripe sperm was much higher than that of unripe regardless of being washed or unwashed. On the contrary, as to the respiration, ripe sperm was lower than unripe.
2) The preincubation in aerobic condition significantly depressed the anaerobic fructolysis of washed ripe sperm, but had little effect on that of unripe. Consequently, after the aerobic preincubation for 3 hr, the anaerobic fructolysis of washed ripe sperm was lower than that of the unripe. The addition of epididymal fluid or semen to the sperm suspension for preincubation improved the depression of ripe sperm fructolysis. On the other hand, the preincubation had no effect on the respiration of sperm.
3) The motility of epididymal sperm was affected by the bovine uterus extracts. Ripe sperm was particularly stimulated by the extracts in vertical and horizontal directions.
4) The percentage of acrosome reaction of ripe sperm was about seven times as much as that of unripe sperm, that is, ripe sperm was much more capacitated in the estrogendominated uterus than unripe.
The present work suggests that the sperm maturation in the male reproductive tract includes not only the changes of metabolism and motility, but also the increase of ability to capacitation.View full abstractDownload PDF (773K) -
1973 Volume 49 Issue 5 Pages 805-830
Published: May 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3976K)
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