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Volume 52, Issue 6
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Changes of blood pressure, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration following the infusion of 1-sarcosine, 8-isoleucine angiotensin II in various hypertensive, body fluid and electroToshihide YAMAMOTO, Kei DOI, Toshio OGIHARA, Yuichi KUMAHARA, Takeshi ...1976 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 619-625
Published: June 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBlockade of angiotensin II has been attempted by in vivo administration of angiotensin II antagonistic analogue in order to investigate the role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the maintenance of blood pressure. Preliminary studies showed that blood pressure changes were not uniform, which conceivably depends not only on the antagonistic activity but also on body fluid status, vascular reactivity, autonomic nervous system as well as the agonistic (pressor) activity of the compound per se.
Herein, 1-sarcosine, 8-isoleucine angiotensin II was infused intravenously for 30 minutes at a rate of 200ng/kg/min in 45 subjects with a variety of hypertensive as well as body fluid and electrolyte disorders and changes of blood pressure (BP), plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) were studied before and after the infusion. Neither of BP, PRA or PAC changes appeared uniform on the whole. Most of low-renin hyper-tensive subjects (low renin essential hypertension and primary aldosteronism) showed elevation of BP and while PRA remained unchanged. Four out of 10 high-renin hypertensive subjects showed reduction of BP and PRA and the rest showed only elevation of BP. Changes of BP and PRA of normal-renin hypertensives were quite variable. Many normotensive subjects showed elevation of PRA and more or less reduction of BP. Subjects with Bartter's syndrome and renal tubular acidosis whose vascular volume was conceivably reduced, showed the largest reduction of BP and elevation of PRA. A curvilinear relation was observed between pre-infusion PRA and percent changes of PAC.
It was concluded that BP is maintained by augmented secretion of renin in disorders associated with contracted vascular volume and that, in cases of low-renin hypertensives, 1-sarcosine, 8-isoleucine angiotensin II has an agonistic effect on the adrenal cortex as well.View full abstractDownload PDF (761K) -
Hiroo NIIMI, Nozomu SASAKI, Susumu MATSUMOTO, Yooko NAKAMURA1976 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 626-629
Published: June 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe incidence of antithyroid antibodies in normal children were studied by thyroglobulin and microsomal-coated red blood cell hemagglutination techniques. (Fuji-Zoki Co.)
The sera of 785 normal children were tested by these antithyroid antibody tests.
Of 785 normal children, the sera of 7 (0.89%) showed a positive reaction for thyroglobulin antibodies, and eleven (1.40%) showed a positive reaction for microsomal antibodies.
The thyroglobulin and microsomal antibodies were not detected in males. In females the incidence of these antibodies was 2.34 %, and was progressively greater with age.View full abstractDownload PDF (391K) -
Susumu MIYABO, Shigeru KISHIDA, Tadashi ASATO, Zenzn SATTO1976 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 630-636
Published: June 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate cortisol metabolism in humans and dogs, radioactive cortisol was administered intravenously to 14 healthy volunteers and 2 male dogs. Blood was obtained 2.5 hours later and the metabolites in the plasma were separated by high voltage electrophoresis and paper chromatography, identified by reverse isotope dilution and quantified. The results obtained were as follows.
1) In the human plasma, the unconjugated fraction contained 45%, of total plasma radioactivity, the glucuronide fraction 47%, and the sulfate fraction 4%. In the dog plasma, free metabolites accounted for less (<30%), and conjugated metabolites more (>60%) of plasma radioactivity.
2) In the human plasma, cortisol and cortisone were the major free metabolites and tetrahydrocortisol and tetrahydrocortisone constituted the main bulk of glucuronide conjugates. In the dog plasma, on the other hand, cortols and cortolones were the most abundant metabolites in all fractions, and 20-dihydrocortisol and 20-dihydrocortisone were predominant over cortisol and cortisone.
3) In the human plasma, small amounts of 6-hydroxy-metabolites (6-hydroxycortisol, 6-hydroxycortisone and their C-20 reduced metabolites) were found. In the dog plasma, all fractions contained substantial amounts of 6-hydroxy-20-dihydro compounds. The major one was assumed to be 6-hydroxycortol or 6-hydroxycortolone and others were 6-hydroxy-20-dihydrocortisol and 6-hydroxy-20-dihydrocortisone. No 6-hydroxycortisol or 6-hydroxycortisone was detected.
It is suggested that metabolic disposal of cortisol is quantitatively different in the different species ; i. e. more extensive C-20 ketone reduction and 6-hydroxylation occur in the dog.View full abstractDownload PDF (809K) -
Katsuyuki TAKAHASHI, Teiko WAKAI, Yuichi WADA, Akira SAITO, Hiroshi HO ...1976 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 637-644
Published: June 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe prolactin releasing activity of the pregnant rat hypothalamic extract (HE). was previously reported. In the present study, HE was boiled or enzymatically digested so as to investigate the properties of the prolactin releasing factor in HE.
HE was subsequently injected into puerperal lactating rats, and serum and pituitary prolactin levels were determined by double antibody radioimmunoassay. Boiling was done at 100 °C for 15 min, and enzymatic digestion was carried out with either trypsin or alpha-chymotrypsin at 37°C for 6 hrs in Tris-HC1 buffer pH 7. 8, and terminated by freezing with acetone-dry ice.
Boiled HE caused an increase in serum prolactin levels as much as non-treated HE 2 and 4 hrs after administration. After injection of tryptic digested HE, serum prolactin levels increased 3 times as much as control 4 hrs later, but pituitary prolactin levels decreased significantly 2 hrs later. After injection of chymotryptic digested HE, serum prolactin levels increased 6. 5 times as much as control 4 hrs later, but pituitary prolactin levels decreased 2 and 4 hrs later.
Chymotryptic digestion was followed by ultracentrifugation at 105,000×g for 30min, and the supernatant and precipitate were injected into the lactating rats. The supernatant of digested HE caused the highest increase of serum prolactin levels. On the other hand, the supernatant of digested HE made in pituitary prolactin levels decreased much more than the supernatant of non-digested HE. The prolactin releasing activity existed in the supernatant of the digested HE.
The present report suggests that the prolactin releasing factor in HE is heat stable, and seems to be a polypeptide and appears to be activated by solublization as a result of enzymatic digestion.View full abstractDownload PDF (894K) -
Effects of 2-Bromo-Alpha-Ergocryptine on the Secretion of Pituitary Hormones in Normal Male SubjectsJiro TAKAHARA, Toyoko UNEKI, Nobuko OFUJI, Masanori MIYOSHI, Jiro YAMA ...1976 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 645-654
Published: June 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is well known that catecholamines in the hypothalamus influence the control of release of hormones by the anterior pituitary, especially that of prolactin and Gil. Catecholamines are reported to play a role as a neurotransmitter which stimulates the release of prolactin release-inhibiting factor (PIF) and/or directly to inhibit the relase of prolactin at the pituitary gland. L-dopa, the precursor of dopamine, is known to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone in man. On the other hand, although the effects of catecholamines on the release of gonadotropins and ACTH from the pituitary gland were studied by many investigators, the results are inconsistent. McCann and his coworkers reported that the release of gonadotropins was stimulated by dopamine or dopaminergic mechanism. On the contrary, Fuxe found that the dopaminergic neuron took part in inhibiting the release of gonadotropins. On the release of ACTH, the results obtained by Abe and Hiroshige were different from those by Ganong and his coworkers.
Recently, the ergot alkaloid, 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine (CB-154, Sandoz Co.), was found to be a strong dopaminergic stimulator, to inhibit the secretion of prolactin, and to be effective in inhibiting galactorrhea.
In the present study, effects of CB-154 which was used as a strong dopaminergic stimulator on plasma prolactin, LH, FSH, TSH, Gil and ACTH levels in normal male subjects are investigated.
After an over-night fast, 2. 5 mg of CB-154 was orally administered 8 a.m. and blood sample was withdrawn 10 a.m. and then 100 μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) and 500 μg of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was injected intravenously. After the injection, 1-arginine (0.5 g/kg b.w.) was infused into a cubital vein over 30 min. Blood was taken 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min following the injection of LH-RH and TRH.
Plasma ACTH, GH TSH, LH, FSH and prolactin were determined by radioimmunoassay kits.
The following results were obtained :
1) CB-154 inhibited not only basal plasma prolactin levels, but also the increase in plasma prolactin levels induced by TRH.
2) Although the single administration of CB-154 had no effect on basal plasma LH and FSH levels, the increase in plasma gonadotropins, especially FSH, induced by LH-RH had a tendency to be enhanced by CB-154.
3) CB-154 suppressed the increment of plasma TSH by TRH in normal male subjects.
4) The oral administration of CB-154 had a tendency to elevate basal plasma GH levels, it did not augment the increase in plasma GH levels induced by 1-arginine.
5) In a few case, CB-154 enhanced ACTH release. However, the effect of CB-154 on ACTH release was inconsistent. These results revealed that CB-154, a strong dopaminergic stimuiant, inhibits the release of TSH as well as that of of prolactin in normal male subjects, and stimulates the release of gonadotropins and of GH.View full abstractDownload PDF (1050K) -
Takao SHIDA1976 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 655-664
Published: June 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere is a great difference in breast cancer incidence between Japanese and American women. Jensen et al have determined estrogen receptors on American female breast cancer cytosols mainly by the method of sucrose density gradients. In the present paper, estrogen receptors in forty-eight Japanese female breast cancer cytosols from forty-four patients were determined by the sucrose density gradients, and the results were compared to those by Jensen et al. The influence of age, endocrine circumstances, pathological and hereditary conditions on the occurrence of estrogen receptors was also described.
1. In the present study, the occurrence of estrogen receptors was positive in 27%. Jensen reported a 46% occurrence. The incidence of breast cancer is lower in Japan than in the United States. This lower incidence can not be explained by the lower percentage of estrogen receptor positive cases.
2. More estrogen receptors were present in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women, in papillotubular carcinomas than in scirrhus carcinomas, and in artificial feeding than in breast or mixed feeding.
Endocrine therapy may be choosen for Clnical use, according to estrogen receptors determination. Endocrine therapy is effective in positive cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (1128K) -
Tadashi MURAKAMI, Sachiko OHBUCHI, Kuniyasu KIKUIRI, Toshiaki KIJIMA, ...1976 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 665-678
Published: June 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA human gamma globulin, that was treated with pepsin and is readily soluble in water, has been found to be superior to the usually employed human gamma globulin as a carrier protein in order to attain a satisfactory separation of the antibody-bound steroid from the free. The separation procedure using the water soluble gamma globulin was successfully applied to develop a reliable and stable radioimmunoassay of plasma aldosterone.
Using this method, the mean plasma aldosterone level in 17 normal subjects taken at 8 : 00 a.m. was 12. 3±4. 4ng/100ml (mean±SD, range 4. 0, -18.5) with a normal diet (Na 220-340mEq, K 75mEq/day) in the hospital. This normal level was similar to that reported by other investigators using radioimmunoassay. High plasma aldosterone levels were found in patients with primary aldosteronism (50. 9±19. 7, range 28.7-89.0, n=6) and renovascular hypertension (17. 0, 32. 2, 44. 0). The mean plasma aldosterone level in patients with low renin essential hypertension was 6. 2±4. 0 (range 1.6-15.6, n=17), which was significantly (P<0. 01) lower than that found in patients with normal renin essential hypertension (10. 7±4. 8, range 3. 6-20. 5, n=22) or that of normal subjects.View full abstractDownload PDF (1237K) -
Kishio F. ITOH1976 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 679-687
Published: June 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince the presence of auto-immunity in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Grave's disease has deen reported, several workers have demonstrated their findings suggesting a possible relationship between the pathogenesis of thyroid auto-immune reactions and circulating lymphocytes which might complete these auto-immune processes. However, despite the high incidence of auto-immunity in these diseases, there are few successful reports and few investigations using lymphocytes from experimental animals.
To investigate the lymphoid immune system in experimental thyroiditis, the in vitro responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and human thyroglobulin were measured for spleen cells from normal rats and rats immunized by human thyroglobulin in this paper.
Our results were as follow :
1) For immunized lymphocytes, the response of PWM which stimulates both B-and T-cell was obviously higher than PHA which stimulates only T-cell.
2) Human thyroglobulin stimulated immunized rat lymphocytes but not the normal ones.
3) Rat lymphocytes stimulated by human thyroglobulin synthesize thyroglobulin anti-bodies but those stimulated by PHA or PWM do not.View full abstractDownload PDF (841K)
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