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59 巻, 12 号
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重富 秀一1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1829-1844
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーThese studies were undertaken to clarify the role of the central and peripheral sympathetic nervous system and the renin-aldosterone system on the onset and maintenance of high blood pressure in essential hypertension (EH), and the following examinations were performed; 1) Urinary free norepinephrine and epinephrine excretion (UNEf and UEf), urinary conjugated norepinephrine and epinephrine excretion (UNEconj and UEconj), plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine concentration (PNE and PE), plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) were measured in 52 patients with EH, who were divided into two groups (borderline EH : b-EH, and sustained EH : s-EH), and fifteen normals (N). 2) Cardiac index (CI), total peripheral resistance index (TPRI), appearance time, mean transit time and stroke index (SI) were determined by the dye-dilution method in eight patients with b-EH, ten patients with s-EH and ten N. 3) Clonidine was administered orally in a single dose of 150 μg to seven patients with s-EH and three patients with b-EH, and PNE, PE and growth hormone (GH) were measured before and after the administration. 4) Isoproterenol was infused intravenously in a dose of 0.02 μg/kg/min for 30 min to 18 patients with s-EH and six N, then plasma cyclic AMP (c-AMP) and PRA were determined before, during and after the infusion. 5) Metacholine was injected intramuscularly in a dose of 10 mg to seven N, and PNE, PE and PRA were measured before and after the injection.
RESULTS : There were no significant differences of PNE, PE, UNEf and UEf among the three groups (b-EH, s-EH and N), but UNEconj in both b-EH and s-EH was higher than in N (b-EH : p<0.1, s-EH : p<0.05). PRA in s-EH was slightly lower not only in N but also in b-EH. PAC in b-EH and s-EH was slightly lower than in N. The difference of PAC between b-EH and s-EH was not found. CI and SI were higher than in N (p<0.05), but TPRI was normal. In s-EH, TPRI was slightly elevated as compared with b-EH (p<0.1). In s-EH, clonidine caused a significant lowering of both blood pressure and PNE with a simultaneously marked increment of GH; on the other hand, in b-EH blood pressure and PNE did not change significantly in spite of the distinct rise of GH. After the isoproterenol infusion, PRA and c-AMP increased, and there was a significant correlation between the initial level of PRA and the maximal increment of PRA after the infusion in both s-EH and N. Metacholine made PNE, PE and PRA increase in N, the increment of catecholamines was followed by the rise of PRA.
These data suggest that the slight hypertonicity of the sympathetic nervous system may be present in both b-EH and s-EH, and that in the early stages of EH, the beta-adrenergic mechanism may be important for the elevation of blood pressure, and in the later stages of EH the alpha-adrenergic mechanism may play a predominant role in the maintenance of high blood pressure. The central noradrenergic system may also be important to the pathogenesis of EH. In some patients with EH, the interaction of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-aldosterone system may cause high blood pressure, but in the greater part of EH, the renin-aldosterone system plays a smaller part in hypertension.C15抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1461K) -
第一編 乾燥濾紙血液による血中17α-hydroxyprogesteroneの測定下澤 和彦1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1845-1859
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーIn order to perform neonatal mass-screening for 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD), two simplified radioimmunoassay (RIA) methods to estimate 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) were devised, using discs 3 mm in diameter cut from filter paper impregnated with whole blood. One was a direct method to use assay buffer eluent as a sample, and the other was an extraction method to use diethyl ether extract. One disc in the direct method and one-fourth to four discs in the extraction method were used. We used [1, 2, 6, 7-3H (N)] -17-OHP as a tracer, anti-17-OHP-3-carboxymethyloxime-BSA serum as an antiserum and saturated ammonium sulfate to separate the bound from free 17-OHP. The specificity of the antiserum was nearly satisfactory, except for an unnegligible cross-reactivity with 17a-hydroxypregnenolone (17-OH-Δ5P). Both methods were practically easy and rapid, and had satisfactory accuracy and precision. A significant correlation (p<0.005) was observed between “Disc-17-OHP” values by both methods and plasma 17-OHP concentrations measured by highly specific RIA, although the values obtained by the direct method were significantly higher (p<0.005) than plasma 17-OHP concentrations, which presumably resulted from the cross-reactivity of the antiserum with 17-OH-Δ5P-sulfate.
“Disc-17-OHP” values of the untreated or poorly controlled patients with 21-OHD were extremely high compared with normal neonates and children. However, as most premature infants also showed high values, the possibility of giving false-positive results had to be considered.
From these studies, it is concluded that these microfilter paper methods for RIA of 17-OHP are applicable for neonatal mass-screening of 21-OHD.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1195K) -
第二編 静岡県西部地区におけるパイロットスタディ下澤 和彦1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1860-1873
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーUsing a simplified radioimmunoassay method for “Disc-17α-hydroxyprogesterone (Disc-17-OHP)”, a pilot neonatal mass-screening study for 21-hydroxylase deficiency was performed in the West of Shizuoka Prefecture for a period of 19 months. During this period, 20,975 neonates were studied, and the mean value and S.D. of “Disc-17-OHP” values were 21.1 and 9.65 pg/disc, respectively. We tentatively decided the 99th-percentile value as a recalling point, and 219 neonates (1.04%) were the candidates for recall by this criteria.
One hundred thirty-six neonates out of these 219 candidates who responded to recall were evaluated by physical examination, family history and measurements of plasma electrolytes, 17-0HP and 21-deoxycortisol values as well as concentrations of pregnanetriol and pregnanetriolone in spot urine specimens. As a result, 2 infants were proved to have the salt-losing type of 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-0HD). Approximately one half of the candidates were premature or low birth-weight infants, and at least 80% had a history of some kind of problem at delivery or in the early neonatal period.
Despite the problems remaining to be solved, the present study demonstrates the feasibility and importance of neonatal mass-screening programs for 21-OHD, and suggests that the incidence of 21-0HD is probably greater than previously expected.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1355K) -
セロトニン作働性ニューロンとの関連長塚 泰明1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1874-1883
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーThe dorsal region of the anterior frontal lobe neocortex has an inhibitory function in the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and ovulation. It is suggested that the anterior frontal lobe neocortex regulates the secretion of LH through the nerve circuit composed of the anterior median limbic area, the thalamic dorsomedial nucleus and the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus which are innervated by serotonergic neurons. In the present study, the relationship between the inhibitory effect of the frontal lobe neocortex on LH secretion and serotonergic neurons from the brain stem raphe nuclei was studied in 4-day vaginal cycle female Wistar rats.
1. Electrochemical stimulation (DC 120 μA, 30 sec.) of the anterior frontal lobe neocortex just before the critical period of ovulation on the day of proestrus blocked the preovulatory surge of LH and ovulation.
2. Electrochemical stimulation of the anterior frontal lobe neocortex just before the critical period but 120 min. after administration of p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 150 mg/kg, i.p.) could not block the preovulatory surge of LH and ovulation.
3. Electrochemical stimulation of the anterior frontal lobe neocortex just before the critical period but 120 min. after excision of the median raphe nucleus blocked the pre-ovulatory surge of LH and ovulation.
4. Electrochemical stimulation of the anterior frontal lobe neocortex just before the critical period but 120 min. after excision of the dorsal raphe nucleus could not block the preovulatory surge of LH and ovulation.
These results suggest that serotonergic neurons ascending from the dorsal raphe nucleus are involved in the inhibition of LH secretion and ovulation caused by electrochemical stimulation of the anterior frontal lobe neocortex and that the secretion of serotonin is necessary for the inhibition of LH secretion.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (975K) -
青沼 繁, 小浜 靖弘, 野村 正和, 平野 淳史, 福田 ちさと, 森 千佐子, 青沼 真一郎1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1884-1893
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーDuring our studies on the active moiety of parotin, we succeeded in purifying MP-parotin (MW=130000) and parotin-subunit (MW=45000) from crude parotin. Furthermore, AA-1 (MW = 9100) was isolated after the tryptic cleavage of the parotin-subunit. AA-1 was the smallest unit ever obtained which had serum Ca-decreasing activity and circulating leucocyte-increasing activity together with the nature of specific localization in bone. Therefore, AA-1 was considered to contain the essential residues for parotin activity in its structure. Since crude parotin was also known to show andromimetic action, these parotin components reduced in size were assayed in this regard.
A daily injection of MP-parotin (500 μg/kg), parotin-subunit (20 μg/kg) or AA-1 (20 μg/kg) was administered subcutaneously for two weeks to male rats weighing 200-220 g. The dynamics of the testicular biosynthesis of testosterone from 3H-pregnenolone and 14C-progesterone via Δ4, Δ5-pathway and the transition of Δ5 to Δ4 -steroids were measured. MP-parotin and the parotin-subunit stimulated the pathway of pregnenolone-17-hydroxypregnenolone→dehydroepiandrosterone→androstenedione→testosterone and resulted in the elevation of serum testosterone levels. Cyclic AMP levels in the testicular homogenate and the motility of epididymal sperm were also increased by the treatment. On the other hand, AA-1 showed no effect on these parameters. It was concluded that andromimetic activity, which is involved in MP-parotin or parotin subunit was independent of parotin activity on the bone tissue.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (959K) -
清水 克彦, 豊田 長康, 森川 文博, 杉山 陽一1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1894-1904
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーTo investigate the effect of pregnancy on the course of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes, insulin binding to receptors and glucose transport activity were studied in isolated adipocytes from normal nonpregnant, normal pregnant, STZ-treated nonpregnant and STZ-treated pregnant rats.
Experimental diabetes was induced by the administration of 40 mg/kg of STZ, and those exhibiting blood sugar concentrations between 150 and 250 mg/100 ml (198.8±6.4 mg/100 ml, mean±SEM) 7 days after treatment, were then used for the experiments as diabetic animals. Rats were mated at least 10 days after STZ administration. All studies were performed on gestational day 19.
Fetuses of the diabetic mothers tended to be heavier than those of the control rats (2.49±0.31 vs. 2.38±0.22 g, mean±SD), but the difference was not statistically significant. Placental weights were significantly greater in the diabetics than in the controls (0.60±0.12 vs. 0.48±0.097 g, mean±SD, p<0.05).
Insulin binding to receptors at an insulin concentration of 0.2 ng/ml was increased by 21% in the STZ-treated nonpregnant group as compared with the untreated non-pregnant group, by 32% in the STZ-treated pregnant group as compared with the untreated pregnant group due to increased receptor affinity without increasing the receptor number. However, no change in insulin binding was detected between the normal nonpregnant and normal pregnant, STZ-treated nonpregnant and STZ-treated pregnant groups.
Glucose transport activity was decreased in adipocytes from the normal pregnant group as compared with that of the normal nonpregnant group. This effect was also observed between adipocytes from the STZ-treated pregnant group and from the STZ-treated nonpregnant group. Adipocytes from rats belonging to either the normal pregnant group or the STZ-treated nonpregnant group showed a similar decrease in glucose transport activity, suggesting an equal effect of pregnancy and mild diabetes on glucose transport. Furthermore, adipocytes from the STZ-treated pregnant group showed the lowest transport activity of the four groups studied, suggesting an additive effect of pregnancy and diabetes on glucose transport activity.
In conclusion, although insulin action in isolated adipocytes is reduced by pregnancy whether diabetes is induced or not, insulin binding to receptors is not changed by pregnancy. Thus, the effect on insulin action in adipocytes from diabetic rats as well as normal rats might lie at a site distal to the receptor.
Insulin action in isolated adipocytes is reduced additively by pregnancy and diabetes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1042K) -
種々のTRH投与方法に対する下垂体TSHとPRL分泌パターンの解離鈴木 明, 園 信義, 木戸 豊, 西 望1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1905-1911
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーAlterations of plasma TSH and PRL levels following various types of administration with TRH were studied in the luteal phase of women with normal menstrual cycles.
The results were as follows :
1) Plasma PRL response to a single i.v. injection of TRH with DHEA-S drop injection was not significantly different from that observed without it. The data suggest that DHEA-S does not affect the feedback mechanism in the short-term course of the experiment.
2) Alterations in the plasma levels of PRL during intermittent as well as continuous infusion with TRH were quite different from those with TSH.
Plasma TSH increased following the beginning of a continuous infusion with TRH and reached a peak at approximately 180 min, maintaining a plateau until the infusion was withheld.
On the other hand, plasma PRL levels increased rapidly to reach peak levels in 30 min after the start of the infusion gradually following a decline in spite of continued TRH stimulation.
Furthermore, a stepwise increase of TSH levels was observed following 4 intermittent injections of TRH; however, plasma PRL rapidly reached peak levels in 30 min following the 1st injection of TRH and a further 3 injections did not raise the levels of PRL.
The results suggest that in humans, the synthesis and release of PRL occur independently in the pituitary.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (569K) -
船内 正憲1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1912-1927
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーIt has recently been reported that many immunological abnormalities including the presence of TSH-receptor antibody (TRAb) were found in Graves' disease (GD). Circulating immune complexes (CIC) have also been detected in the serum of patients with GD as observed in systemic lupus erythematosus, which is thought to be a typical model of immune complex disease. The role of CIC in pathogenesis of hyperthyroidism, however, remains to be elucidated. Therefore, to clarify pathophysiological functions of CIC in GD, the levels of it in those patients were compared with their symptoms, those of TRAb, and lymphoblastogenesis (LBG) induced by phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). The subjects were forty patients with GD without any medication, one hundred and nine patients with GD on medication with methimazole (MMI), and fifteen healthy volunteers. CIC was measured by three different methods; polyethylene-glycol precipitation method (PEG), Clq binding assay (Clq), and Protein A binding assay (PA). The normal range was estimated with the mean plus or minus two times the standard deviation of normal controls.
In untreated GD, CIC determined by PEG, Clq and PA widely distributed from normal range to high levels. The positive rates of CIC determined by PEG, Clq, PA, and any one method of these three were 17.5%, 22.5%, 30.0% and 52.5%, respectively. LBG using incorporation of tritiated thymidine showed the decreases in PHA and Con A, and the increases in PWM in patients with GD. The positive rates of CIC determined by PEG and PA were significantly higher in patients without goiter or with small one than those with large one (p<0.05). CIC measured by all three of PEG, Clq and PA showed negative correlation with TRAb significantly (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.01, respectively). On the other hand, CIC measured by Clq showed significant negative correlation with serum thyroxine concentration (p<0.01). The levels of CIC, TRAb and PWM-induced LBG decreased following the tapering dose of MMI sufficient to keep patients in euthyroid state. In consequence, there were no longer any correlations between CIC and TRAb after thyroid function was normalized.
These observations suggest that CIC's which have huge molecular weight or have ability to bind Fc receptor on K cell, macrophage, neutrophil, and other immune cells may be one of the factors to inhibit the goitrogenic action of TRAb, and that CIC's which have ability to activate the complement system may be one of the factors to inhibit the stimulation of secretion of thyroid hormone by TRAb. Therefore, CIC in untreated GD may play an important role to render the hyperthyroidism to remission through the inhibition of the stimulation of thyroid gland by TRAb. The production of TRAb might be facilitated by the reduced function of suppressor T cell and the activated function of B cell in this disease. The improvement of hyperthyroidism due to the reduction of TRAb during the treatment with MMI was not dependent on CIC but predominantly on the inhibition of the function of B cell which might be affected by MMI.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1389K) -
鈴木 不二男, 松崎 宸1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1928-1929
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
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平田 結喜緒1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1930-1934
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
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對馬 敏夫1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1935-1938
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
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奥山 牧夫, 今井 龍幸, 武田 則之, 菊地 正邦1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1939-1942
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
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矢内原 千鶴子, 門脇 真, 矢内原 昇1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1943-1946
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
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坂元 正一, 松本 圭史1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1947-1948
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
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丸尾 猛, 望月 眞人1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1949-1953
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
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佐藤 和雄, 坂元 正一, 福岡 秀興1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1954-1956
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
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クル病発症との関連から清野 佳紀, 石田 允, 藪内 百治1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1957-1960
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
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寺田 信行, 北村 幸彦1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1961-1964
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
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牧野 恒久, 中沢 和美, 永井 孝, 鈴木 英明, 中山 陽比古, 飯塚 理八1983 年 59 巻 12 号 p. 1965-1968
発行日: 1983/12/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
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