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61 巻, 8 号
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下澤 和彦, 税所 純敬, 矢田 純一, 神戸川 明1985 年 61 巻 8 号 p. 785-793
発行日: 1985/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーIn order to clarify a part of the developmental processes of the human adrenal cortex or steroidgenesis in infancy and childhood, serum concentrations of 17a-hydroxypregnenolone (17-OH-Δ5P), 17α-hydroxypregnenolone-3-sulfate (17-OH-Δ5P-S) and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OH-Δ4P) were measured using a combined radioimmunoassay method previously reported, and age-related changes of these steroids were evaluated. In addition to the serum concentrations, a ratio of 17-OH-Δ5P-S to 17-OH-Δ5P (S/05P ratio) and that of 17-OH-Δ4P to 17-OH-Δ5P (Δ4P/Δ5P ratio) were also estimated as the indices of the activities of steroid sulfokinase (SK) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), respectively.
Serum 17-OH-Δ5P, 17-OH-Δ5P-S and 17-OH-Δ4P concentrations in umbilical cord blood were 13.5 ± 6.02 (Mean ± SD) ng/ml, 965 ± 363 ng/ml and 46.3 ± 21.1 ng/ml, respectively. These values decreased consecutively to the nadirs which were 0.47 ± 0.16 ng/ml in subjects 1 to 2 years old, 1.26 ± 0.82 ng/ml in subjects 3 to 6 years old and 0.17 ± 0.007 ng/ml in subjects 3 to 4 months old, respectively, and they were followed by gradual increases up to the adult levels.
S/Δ5P ratio also showed the same profile. It was high (77.7 ± 31.6) in cord blood and decreased gradually to the nadir (2.54 ± 2.14) in subjects 3 to 6 years old and then increased gradually to the adult level. Δ4P/Δ5P ratio was very high (3.61 ± 1.42) in cord blood according to the large placental supply of Δ4-steroids, and decreased promptly to the nadir (0.11 ± 0.04) in subjects 3 to 4 months old and then gradually increased to the plateau attained in subjects 3 to 6 years old.
Thus, this study clarified the age-related changes of serum 17-OH-Δ5P and 17-OH-Δ5P-S concentrations in infancy and childhood and demonstrated that, in the process in which the adrenal cortex differentiated to the adult form, the decrease of the activity of SK occurred more slowly than the increase of that of 3β-HSD.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (911K) -
アジュバントの抗体産生及び実験的甲状腺炎産生に及ぼす影響坂田 茂樹, 島 寛人, 小牧 卓司, 小嶋 範子, 中村 重徳, 三浦 清, 樽谷 修1985 年 61 巻 8 号 p. 794-801
発行日: 1985/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーForty-five female DDYK mice were divided into three groups and immunized with different preparations of human thyroglobulin (HTg). Group 1 mice were immunized subcutaneously in the back with. HTg emulsified with FCA. Group 2 mice were immunized subcutaneously in the back with HTg dissolved in PBS. Group 3 mice were immunized with HTg dissolved in PBS and FCA separately in the right (HTg) and left (FCA) of the back.
After the fourth immunization (45 days after the first immunization), antisera as well as thyroid glands were obtained, and titers of anti-HTg, anti-T3, anti-T4 and the presence of lesions of autoimmune thyroiditis were examined.
In group 1 mice, titers of anti-HTg and anti-T4 antibodies were significantly higher than those of the other two groups, whereas titers of anti-T3 antibodies were significantly lower than those of the other two groups. In group 1 mice, a significant correlation between titers of anti-T3 and anti-T4 antibodies was observed, whereas in group 2 and group 3 mice, no such correlation was observed.
The incidence of lesions of autoimmune thyroiditis was significantly higher in group 2 and group 3 mice than in group 1 mice. Thus emulsification of HTg with FCA had inhibitory effects on the induction of experimental thyroiditis in mice immunized with HTg.
These results indicate the possibility that FCA has a modulatory effect both quantitatively and qualitatively on the immune response against HTg in mice.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (686K) -
Whole mount法による免疫組織化学的検討下瀬川 徹, 小泉 勝, 豊田 隆謙, 後藤 由夫, 望月 徹, 矢内原 千鶴子, 矢内原 昇1985 年 61 巻 8 号 p. 802-815
発行日: 1985/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーThe localization and distribution of Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu (Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu) -like immunoreactivity in whole mount preparations of different layers of guinea-pig gut (duodenum, jejunum, ileum and proximal colon) were studied by Sternberger's indirect immunocytochemistry. Anti-Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu serum used as the primary antiserum was raised in a rabbit against synthetic Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu coupled to ascaris protein by the glutaraldehyde method. The results obtained were summarized as follows :
1) In the intestinal wall of the guinea-pig, Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu-like immunoreactivity was localized only in nerve elements of the enteric nervous system.
2) In the myenteric plexus, many perikarya showed Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu-like immunoreactivity. Immuno-positive nerve fibers showing varicose appearance were demonstrated not only in the myenteric plexus but also in the longitudinal muscle layer, in the circular muscle layer, in the deep muscular plexus, in the submucous plexus and in the muscularis mucosae. No immuno-positive perikarya were found in the submucous plexus. Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu-like immunoreactivity was not shown in the perivascular plexus and in the mucosa.
3) Compared to those of the duodenum, jejunum or ileum, immuno-positive perikarya in the myenteric plexus of the proximal colon were apparently few in number. The density of a network in the deep muscular plexus formed by immunoreactive fibers was looser in the proximal colon than that in the duodenum, jejunum or ileum.
Since Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu-like immunoreactivity-containing nerve elements were densely distributed in the muscular layers of the intestinal wall, it is possible for this nervous system to regulate the contractility of the smooth muscles of the gut.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4385K) -
sodium molybdateの効果をめぐって今井 強一, 熊坂 文成, 小林 幹男, 高橋 康男, 高橋 悦子, 山中 英寿1985 年 61 巻 8 号 p. 816-822
発行日: 1985/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of sodium molybdate on the specific binding protein (SBP) of synthetic progestin 17α-methyl-[3H]-promegestone (R5020) in the cytosol of the human prostate was studied.
In a sucrose density gradient analysis, two R5020 SBP components at 4S and 7-8S were observed. It was apparent that the 4S component was reduced and the 7-8S component increased with the addition of 10mM sodium molybdate into the cytosol. Therefore, the molybdate enhancement degree on total SBP amount (4S plus 7-8S) was decided by the relationship between the decreasing rate at 4S and the increasing one at 7-8S.
It was shown that the molybdate effect was time-dependent and was not related to the SBP state, whether it was bounded with steroid or not. Moreover, it was estimated that the molybdate effect was not related to phosphatase inhibition since R5020 SBP in SDG was not enhanced by the addition of sodium fluoride which was a phosphatase inhibitor.
In this report, the possibility of the existence of the 7-8S forming factor in the human prostate and the relationship between it and sodium molybdate was also discussed through an experiment on a Sephadex G-25.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (571K) -
石川 三衛, 斉藤 寿一, 葛谷 健1985 年 61 巻 8 号 p. 823-834
発行日: 1985/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーIn the present study, the role of calmodulin in the cellular action of arginine vasopressin (AVP), prostaglandin (PG) E2 and forskolin on adenosine-3′, 5′-monophosphate (cAMP) production was examined in cultured rat renal papillary collecting tubule cells. In the presence of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, submaximal concentrations of 10-9M AVP, 2 × 10-8M PGE2 and 2.4 × 10-7M forskolin significantly increased cellular cAMP accumulation by 2.3, 6.0 and 8.4-fold, respectively. Two chemically dissimilar inhibitors of calmodulin, namely trifluoperazine and N- (6-aminohexyl) -5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide (W-7), attenuated the cellular production of cAMP in a dose-related manner in response to all three stimuli. A dose which inhibited the cellular production of cAMP by 50% (ID50) ranged from 1.6 × 10-5 to 2.8 × 10-5M for trifluoperazine and from 3.5 × 10-5 to 4.4 × 10-5M for W-7. Basal accumulation of cellular cAMP was also decreased by treatment with either trifluoperazine or W-7, but an effective dose was relatively higher than that which inhibited agents-stimulated cellular cAMP production. Since forskolin is recognized as activating adenylate cyclase at one step of the catalytic component and the cellular action of AVP to activate adenylate cyclase is mediated through receptor-catalytic component, the present study indicates calmodulin regulation of basal, AVP-, PGE2-and forskolinactivated adenylate cyclase in the papillary collecting tubule cells. Further study demonstrated the inhibition of AVP-or PGE2-induced cellular cAMP production by treatment with either a calcium-free medium or verapamil, a blocker of cellular calcium uptake, before and during the experiment. These findings suggest that an increase in cytosolic calcium, which interacts with calmodulin to form an active complex, is, at least in part, due to the increased cellular influx of calcium from the extracellular space.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (999K) -
乾 明夫1985 年 61 巻 8 号 p. 835-846
発行日: 1985/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーPreviously, we demonstrated that peripheral infusion of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) inhibits insulin response to several stimuli through vagal innervation. Since PP is found not only in pancreas but also in brain or cerebrospinal fluid, we studied the effect of intracerebroventricular infusion of PP on insulin secretion before and after vagotomy in dogs.
Mongrel dogs were settled with a chronic cannula allowing intraventricular infusions into the third (n = 4) or lateral (n = 4) cerebral ventricle. All the experiments were performed one week after the operation in a fully conscious, relaxed state. Porcine PP (pPP, 5Ong or 5μg/dog in 100μl saline), which has the same primary structure with that of canine PP, or saline alone was infused into the cerebral ventricles for 5 minutes at the rate of 20μl/ minutes. As stimuli of insulin secretion, modified sham feeding (MSF; sight and smell of food for 5 minutes), glucose injection (IV-Glucose; 0.5g/kg/30 seconds, intravenously) and CCK-octapeptide infusion (IV-CCK-8; 0.07μg/kg/5 minutes, intravenously) were applied immediately after (and in some experiments various intervals after) the end of pPP or saline infusion into the ventricles. Immunoreactive PP or insulin was measured by a specific radioimmunoassay.
Administration of PP caused significant inhibition of insulin secretion by MSF, IV-Glucose and IV-CCK-8 without affecting basal insulin secretion. The observed effect of the peptide was most potent when infused into the third cerebral ventricle at a dose of 50 ng/ dog and not in a dose-related fashion. The integrated insulin responses to MSF, IV-Glucose and IV-CCK-8 were 28, 58 and 30%, respectively, as those of controls. This effect was likely to be of central origin because an overflow of PP to the periphery could not be observed by PP radioimmunoassay. Prior transthoracic bilateral truncal vagotomy abolished the suppressive effect of PP on glucose-and CCK-8-induced insulin secretion. Furthermore, the time course study of CCK-8 suggested that PP could interact with the regions surrounding the third cerebral ventricle.
These results suggest that PP affects the central nervous system to control pancreatic insulin secretion via the vagus nerve like other peptides/neuroregulators which modify physiological processes (e.g. insulin release, acid secretion, motility).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1237K) -
安藤 通泰, 山内 一征, 田中 博志, 森 祐一, 高槻 健介, 富田 明夫, 山本 昌弘, 松井 信夫1985 年 61 巻 8 号 p. 847-858
発行日: 1985/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーIt is currently believed that the thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) of Graves' disease is involved in the pathogenesis of hyperthyroidism through the stimulation of the adenylate cyclase-cyclic AMP system. To evaluate this mechanism, TSI in the serum of patients with Graves' disease was determined by its ability to generate cyclic AMP (cAMP) in monolayer cells prepared from a normal thyroid gland.
The thyroid tissue was digested with collagenase, and the liberated follicles were collected from the supernatant and cultured for 7 days. One gram of thyroid tissue yielded more than 1 × 107 monolayer cells which were stored in aliquots at-80C. Cells (1-2 × 104/0.28 cm2 microtiter well) were incubated for 4 hours in 0.2 ml Hanks solution poor in NaCl, with various amounts of bovine TSH (bTSH) or 1.5 mg/ml Graves' serum IgG extracted by polyethylene glycol. cAMP accumulated in medium and cells was measured by RIA.
Total cAMP (both medium and cells) was about 4 times higher when NaCl was deleted from Hanks solution. Moreover, as more than 90% of the cAMP was released into the medium, it was possible to omit the measurement of cellular cAMP, which requires extraction. The increase in medium cAMP concentration was dependent upon the number of cells, incubation time, and dose of bTSH. Time course and dose response curves in medium cAMP stimulated by IgG from 3 Graves' patients paralleled those of bTSH equivalent units. Accordingly, TSI activity could be expressed in bTSH equivalent units (bTSH plUeq). The assay could detect 1.0 or 3.3μU/ml of bTSH and was highly reproducible.
TSI activity in all of 16 IgGs from normal subjects was under 3.3 bTSH μUeq/ml, while it was greater than 3.3 bTSHμUeq/ml in IgGs from 33 of 37 (89%) untreated patients with Graves disease. Of the 13 patients followed for 2 to 7 months while on antithyroid drugs, 12 had greater than 3.3 bTSH μUeq/ml and, with the exception of one, all showed a decrease in their TSI activity. Moreover, 5 of 12 patients treated continuously for more than 1 year were TSI negative (<3.3 bTSH μUeq/ml), and except for one case, all had TSI values below 8 bTSH μUeq/ml (a value found in only 25% of untreated patients).
This in vitro bioassay for TSI is simple and sensitive. It detects the presence of TSI in virtually 90% of untreated patients with Graves' disease. TSI activity showed a clear decrease during the course of antithyroid drug therapy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1118K)
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