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66 巻, 8 号
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細島 弘行, 宮内 英二, 岡田 博司, 小豆沢 定秀, 山本 郁夫, 森本 真平1990 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 727-736
発行日: 1990/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーChanges in TSH-receptor antibody (TR-Ab) and thyroid stimulating antibody (TS-Ab) after thyroidectomy were examined in seventeen thyrotoxic patients (3 males and 14 females, 40.0±3.4yr) with positive TR-Ab and TS-Ab.
They were subjected to thyroid surgery because of suspected malignancy, methymazole induced agranulocytosis, cardiac failure, recurrent gastric ulcer or emotional instability. Of these patients, 3 were totally thyroidectomized, 11 were subtotally thyroidectomized and 3 were unilaterally lobectomized. Histological findings in these patients showed diffuse hyperplasia in 8 cases, an adenomatous goiter in 3, diffuse hyperplasia plus follicular adenomas in 5, and Hashitoxicosis in one.
Their thyroid function before surgery was as follows: T3, level, 3.9±0.7ng/ml; T4, 19.5±3.3μg/dl; free T3, 11.9±1.2pg/ml; free T4, 4.9±1.0ng/dl; and TSH, 0.9±0.1μU/ml. Mean levels of TR-Ab and TS-Ab before surgery were 56.8±4.6% and 1,218.6±262.4%, respectively. Positive anti-thyroid antibody (TGHA) was 47.0%, positive anti-microsomal antibody (MCHA) was 88.2% in these thyrotoxic patients, and mean levels of TGHA and MCHA were 1,688±715 and 89,280±34,717 times, respectively.
After the operation, these parameters were decreased and their thyroid functions became an euthyroid or a hypothyroid state one month later.
The incidence of post-operative hypothyroidism was 45.5% in subtotally thyroidectomized patients, 33.3% in unilaterally lobectomized patients and 100% in totally thyroidectomized patients. TR-Ab levels decreased from 56.2±6.5% before surgery to 24.5±12.2% 12 months after surgery, but increased again to 35.0±15.7% 24 months after surgery in subtotally thyroidectomized patients. These levels also decreased from 50.4±11.0% before surgery to 37.8±11.4% 12 months after surgery, and remained unchanged to 38.2±10.4% 24 months after surgery in unilaterally lobectomized patients. On the other hand, in totally thyroidectomized patients, TR-Ab levels decreased and normalized 12 months after surgery. One of subtotally thyroidectomized or unilaterally lobectomized patients developed recurrent thyrotoxicosis with an increased positive TR-Ab. Mean levels of TS-Ab decreased to 28.3±181.3% and 152.5±47.9% 12 and 24 months after surgery, respectively, in subtotally thyroidectomized patients. These levels decreased 12 months after surgery and then increased again to 303.6±130.6% in unilaterally lobectomized patients. On the other hand, TS-Ab levels decreased and normalized to 94.3±3.9% 6 months after surgery in totally thyroidectomized patients. Although mean levels of TGHA and MCHA titers decreased noticeably after surgery in both totally and subtotally thyroidectomized patients, these levels decreased slightly in unilaterally lobectomized patients.
These data suggest that decreases in TR-Ab and TS-Ab after thyroidectomy in thyrotoxic patients may be related to the mass volume of the remaining hyperplastic tissue of the thyroid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1047K) -
宮内 文久, 南條 和也, 加藤 紘, 佐々木 透, 米沢 真佐子, 塚田 裕1990 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 737-746
発行日: 1990/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of light exposure on plasma concentrations of melatonin, LH, FSH and prolactin were studied in 11 normal cycling women during their follicular phases. Blood samples were obtained via an indwelling venous catheter every 10 min. for 2.5 hours starting at 9:30 and 21:30h. For the blood samplings taken at night, six women were kept in a dark room and were permitted to sleep. Their blood samples were obtained using a flashlight (5-10 lux) without their rest being disturbed. However, the other five women were exposed to light (3,000 lux at eye level) and awakened from 22:40 to 24:00h.
Plasma melatonin concentrations in the morning decreased from 48.7±11.6pg/ml at 9:30h to 24.7±4.0pg/ml at 12:00h. On the other hand, plasma melatonin concentrations at night increased from 65.4±9.6pg/ml at 21: 30h to 138.2±28.6pg/ml at 24:00h. The pulsatile LH secretion was changed from the type of “high frequency, low amplitude” in the morning to the type of “low frequency, high amplitude” at night. Nocturnal FSH concentrations were lower than diurnal ones, but nocturnal prolactin concentrations were higher than diurnal ones.
Nocturnal concentrations of melatonin were suppressed 40 min. after the light exposure (from 117.4±11.4pg/ml at 22:40h to 74.6±13.9pg/ml at 23:20h). On the other hand, the light exposure increased plasma prolactin concentrations from 10.9±4.1ng/ml at 22:40h to 17.0±4.4ng/ml at 22:50h, maintained those higher levels for 20 min. and decreased them gradually after 23:20h. With the light exposure, mean values of nocturnal LH concentrations were increased from 11.9±1.5mIU/ml before exposure to 14.2±1.8mIU/ml after exposure, and those of FSH were also increased from 5.9±0.4mIU/ml to 6.3±0.4mIU/ml.
These results showed that the secretion of melatonin, as well as LH, FSH and prolactin had daily rhythms and that melatonin and prolactin showed different responses to light exposure, suggesting different control mechanisms for the secretion of those two hormones.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1019K) -
大川 亮一1990 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 747-759
発行日: 1990/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーIn recent years, the localization and physiological significance of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in various organs have been studied. Investigations of the significance of VIP in the ovary have been done, but the detailed mechanism of action is still unknown. We made in vitro studies of VIP using rat ovaries. Ovarian granulosa cells were collected after treatment with estrogen in immature hypophysectomized rats. Luteal cells were collected from immature rats treated with pregnant mare serum (PMS) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). These cells were cultured in a serum free medium for 48hr in the absence or presence of various amounts of VIP. We determined the amount of steroids produced in the culture medium by specific RIA. Activities of 3β-HSD in the granulosa cells were determined by the amount of progesterone formed from labelled pregnenolone. Induction of LH-receptor in the granulosa cells by VIP and VIP-receptor in these cells was investigated. VIP stimulated estrogen and progesterone production dose and time dependently with an approximate ED50 value of 3×10-8M. The amount of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP) was similarly increased. VIP enhanced 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) activity when incubated with the granulosa cells for 24 hours. VIP stimulated the granulosa cells in a way similar to follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), but the stimulating effect was slightly less than that of FSH. Unlike FSH, VIP did not induce LH-receptor. The binding of 125I-VIP with the granulosa cells was blocked, dose dependently, by unlabelled VIP, suggesting the presence of VIP-receptor in the granulosa cells. Another peptide, PHM-27, stimulated the granulosa cells although its potency was less than that of VIP. In contrast, gastrin, CCK and secretin did not stimulate the granulosa cells at all.
According to the present study, VIP did not exert any effect on the luteal cells, and progesterone production in vitro was not stimulated by this peptide.
The VIP effects seem to be at least partly c-AMP dependent and may be mediated through the VIP-receptor in the granulosa cells.
The observed direct effects of VIP suggest that it may act as a local hormone to regulate the ovarian function.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1130K) -
村上 雅子, 宮地 幸隆, 南野 正隆, 吉見 輝也1990 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 760-769
発行日: 1990/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーDexamethasone (DXM), one of the strong synthetic glucocorticoids, has been used widely for therapeutic purposes and for evaluation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. However, information concerning the plasma concentrations of DXM and its metabolism in various liver diseases is limited.
In this study, plasma DXM levels were examined in patients with chronic inactive hepatitis (CH), patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and normal subjects (NR) after oral administration of one milligram DXM. Plasma DXM levels were measured directly in plasma extract, using reliable and sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA). The antiserum was obtained by immunizing rabbits with DXM-3-oxime-bovine serum albumin conjugate. Standard curves for DXM were obtained over the range 10-5000pg. The cross reactivity of endogenous steroids with DXM antiserum was less than 0.1%. In the group of NR, the peak of plasma DXM was 20.9±2.9ng/ml within 1.3±0.4 hours after administration. Half time of its disappearance was 3.3±1.1 hours, and plasma DXM disappeared in 24 hours, remaining less than 1ng/ml. In patients with CH and those with LC, the peak levels of DXM were 10.8±1.0ng/ml and 10.5±0.5ng/ml, respectively, and those values were significantly lower than those of NR. Half time of DXM disappearance in patients with CH and in those with LC were 6.2±0.6 and 6.3±0.6 hours, respectively, significantly prolonged compared with that of NR. Although DXM metabolism was impaired in CH as well as in LC, the retention rate of indocianine green (ICG) at 15 minutes in CH was found within the normal range, 10.0±1.1%, respectively.
These results might suggest that the impaired DXM metabolism in patients with chronic liver disease may be affected not only by the decreased hepatic blood flow but also by some other factors.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (849K) -
EGFとestradiol, progesteroneの相互作用について田所 望1990 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 770-782
発行日: 1990/08/20
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーProlactin is now accepted as a normal product of the decidual cells of the human endometrium. We investigated the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) with estradiol and progesterone on prolactin secretion by the decidual tissues from the early pregnant endometrium.
The decidual tissues were separated from villi, minced and cultured in collagen gel matrix with serum-free medium. Immunological staining of the cultured decidual tissues showed prolactin localization and EGF receptors on the stromal cells.
Cultured media were collected every 2 days. The culture for the first 2 days was incubated with the serum-free medium alone (=preculture), and the following test culture was supplemented with/without additives. The prolactin content in cultured media was quantified by EIA. The results of the effect of steroid (s) and EGF were represented as a comparison of prolactin contents in the preculture and the test culture.
An increase in prolactin secretion was found after the tissues were treated with a combination of 10-8M estradiol and 10-6M progesterone or 10-6M progesterone alone. After 8 days, the prolactin secretion rate increased about 3-fold over the precultured value. Estradiol alone kept the prolactin secretion at the precultured value. Prolactin secretion gradually decreased in the non-additive culture. These results indicate that progesterone was essential in the secretion of prolactin.
Simultaneously, similar decidual tissues were incubated with a combination of EGF and steroid (s). The secretion of prolactin in the group treated with progesterone alone decreased dose-dependently responding to added EGF on the 8th day of culture. In the presence of estradiol and progesterone, the secretion rate decreased to the values similar to the progesterone alone group with the addition of 0.1, 1ng/ml EGF, and the decrease in prolactin secretion was less with the addition of 10ng/ml EGF.
Mixed cultures of the decidual tissues and villi showed that the prolactin secretion rate increased in all groups treated with/without estradiol and/or progesterone. These results imply that progesterone derived from villi might control decidual prolactin secretion. The effect of high concentration EGF (50ng/ml) on the prolactin secretion appeared similar to the isolated decidual tissues.
These results suggest that decidual prolactin secretion is regulated by the combined effects of steroids and EGF.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2392K)
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