Educational Technology Research

Two textbooks for teaching Japanese as a foreign language were analyzed to extract the relationships between nouns, verbs and the appropriate particles in simple Japanese sentences. A computer-based drill to learn Japanese particle usage, which can be used over the Internet, was developed by using these relationships. In this drill, the text is displayed with illustrated pictures to indicate the correct verb group and the correct usage of the particle. The average test score for the learners to whom the pictures were shown was significantly higher than those to whom the pictures were not shown. The pictures were more effective for the verb sentences in which more than one particles can be probably used. Also the effect on differences between learner's mother language from Indo-European and non-Indo-European groups was investigated. As a result, the drill appears to be more effective for learners with Indo-European Language background.

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The education of elementary journalizations in bookkeeping is done in various schools and enterprises. And there are also many systems to support individual's learning in bookkeeping. But there is a limit in the traditional CAI systems to grasp and promote individual's present degree of understanding. The interaction in Japanese between the student and the system is indispensable and this means that the advent of an ITS should be required. Based on the present situation of such bookkeeping education, this paper discusses what an ITS should be to support it. Furthermore this paper describes the functions of a system named ISAK, which is an ITS for elementary journalizations in bookkeeping the author has been developing. The ITS is an intelligent system being studied for many years, and at present its realization has been attempted in real education spots through trial and error. This paper discusses functions which ITS should have, considering the functions of the above ISAK in connection with accounting knowledge and student's degrees of understanding. Furthermore, this paper considers unsolved problems to find a way to its realization.

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