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Volume 14, Issue 11
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 755-764
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 764-770
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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[in Japanese]1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 771-773
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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[in Japanese]1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 774-778
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 779-785
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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[in Japanese]1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 785-790
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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[in Japanese]1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 791-797
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 798-806
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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(X) THE COMPOSITION OF THE ACETYLATION SOLUTION ABSORBED BY FIBERS (XI) THE EFFECT OF ALKALI PRE-TREATMENT ON THE ACETYLATION RATE OF NATURAL CELLULOSE FIBERS (PART 1)Ichiro Sakurada, Yasuyoshi Sakaguchi, Fujiko Kimura1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 807-813
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Yasuyoshi Sakaguchi, Inamaro Ishizu1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 814-817
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStarch was reacted with monochloroacetic acid (CA) in the presence of NaOH. The effect of the nature of starches, composition of reaction mixtures, reaction temperature and time were examined, then it was observed that water soluble derivatives could be obtained using about 10g CA and about 10g NaOH for 100g starch. Products with etherification degree higher than about 0.1mole/base mole were soluble in cold water. Water soluble derivatives were also obtained by reaction of starch with ethylene chlorohydrine in the presence of NaOH.View full abstractDownload PDF (339K) -
Yasuyoshi Sakaguchi1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 818-821
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStarches were reacted with acrylonitrile in the presence of NaOH. By this reaction cyanoethyl (A) and carboxyethyl (B) ethers of starch were obtained. Derivatives in which B degree was higher than about 0.07 mole/base mole, and B degree/A degree was higher than 1 were soluble in cold water. No water soluble products could be obtained by reaction of starch with formaldehyde.View full abstractDownload PDF (285K) -
Shoichi Sakajiri1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 822-825
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSX-ray diffractions of the Polyethylene Terephthalate fibers, drawn with the various birefringences (Δn 0.0029-0.0072) and of different degrees of the polymerisation ([η] 0.51-and 0.62) were observed.
As the results, there were recongnized that
(1) The crystalline pattern appears from about 3.2 draw ratio,
(2) the degree of crystallization seems to increase by increasing the birefringences of the undrawn fibers at the same draw ratio,
(3) The degree of crystallization seems to increase with decrease in the degree of polymerisation.View full abstractDownload PDF (4217K) -
(IV) THE CHANGE IN ADSORPTION OF Cu BY WOOL WITH STRECHINGNobumasa Hojo, Tsutomu Sugawara1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 826-828
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is widely known that the chelate formation is greatly affected by the structure of a compound. If the compound which is able to form chelate in a normal condition is deformed by streching, it will become impossible to form chelate with the same metallic ions as in the case of the normal condition. Ordinary low molecular weight compounds are not suitable for this study, so we used high molecular weight compounds. It being difficult to choose a synthetic chelate resin for the above object, we used wool.
The adsorptions of Cu by the unstreched wool and the 150% streched one were determined in 0.01M Cu solution. and obtained the following results; 0.26m. M Cu/g. unstreched wool, 0.16m. M Cu/g. streched wool Not only deformation of chelating structure but also rearrangement of molecules in wool have a relation to the difference in adsorbability of Cu by wool.View full abstractDownload PDF (234K) -
(V) THE CHANGE IN DURABILITY OF WOOL TO ALKALI BY CHELATE FORMATIONNobumasa Hojo, Hiroaki Kobayashi1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 828-830,826
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntroduction of chelate bond to fibers is expected to cause many particular changes in their physical and chemical porperties. An increace in tensile strength by metal chelate cross linking was shown in the case of silk fiber. These experiments were undertaken in order to show the effects of the introduction of chelate bond on the chemical properties of wool. One of the most characteristic chemical properties of wool is the ease in which it is degraded in alkalien solutions. The adsorption equilibrium of heavy metal of wool were determined and the results are shown in Figures 1 and 2. Adsorption of Hg by wool increased with time. The alkali solubility of non-treated wool was compared with those of Hg treated wool and Cu treated one, and the results are shown in Figure 3. A steep slope of solubility curve of wool means that the wool used is not stable for alkali, therefore Hg treated wool and Cu treated one are more stable than non-treated wool. And the difference of the solubility between non-treated and treated wool became greater as the time of treatment increased. Alkali degradation is closely associated with the liability toward alkalies of the disulfide groups in the cystine of the wool, therefore the determination of sulfur was done with nontreated wool and heavy metal treated wool, before and after alkali treatment. A significant amount of sulfur lose was seen in the case of non-treated wool, while the less amount of sulfur lose was obtained in the cases of metal treated wool. These results show that the introduction of chelate bond made the wool more stable for alkali degradation.View full abstractDownload PDF (366K) -
(VI) THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE MATURITY AND THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COTTON FIBERYasuo Ono1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 831-835
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is pointed out that raw cotton which has low maturity causes many troubles on the cottonspinning process and spoils the yarn appearance. Then, the mechanical properties in relation to the maturity and the fineness of cotton fiber was made clear.
Also, the pressley index and the strength in relation to the maturity and the fineness of cotton fiber is discussed, and finally it is pointed out that the pressley fiber strength tester is suitable for the choice of raw cotton for specific uses.View full abstractDownload PDF (417K) -
(I) THE MODULUS OF RIGIDITY OF RAW SILKHaruo Takagi1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 836-841
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe torsional rigidity and modulus of rigidity of raw silk (20°C, 65% R. H.) were tested, and the following results were obtained.
1) The modulus of rigidity of raw silk, assuming that the cross section is circular, was 1.38_??_1.49×1010 dynes/cm2 (141_??_152kg/mm2).
2) The modulus of rigidity, correcting the sectional shape, was about 1.8×1010dynes/cm2 (180kg/mm2).
3) The variation of rigidity in tension (0.08_??_0.8g/d) was not recognized.
4) The relaxation of rigidity of raw silk is considerably large in such a small torsion as 20 turns/m in the case of 21d silk. The moment is approximately lowered linearly with logarithmic time. The modulus of relaxed rigidity at 20 sec. and 1 min. after torsioning was 1.13±0.04×1010 and 1.07±0.04×1010 dynes/cm2 respectively.
5) Experimentally the same torsional moment is obtained from different denier raw silk by torsioning to the angle proportional to inverse square of denier.
6) The raw silk taken from the outer layer of cocoons has high modulus of rigidity than that taken from the inner layer.View full abstractDownload PDF (1131K) -
(III) BREAKING STRENGTH OF STAPLE YARN AND PROPERTIES OF TEXTILE MATERIALAkira Ikeda, Iju Okano, Minoru Komachi, Keiichiro Chikuma1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 842-848
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe critical length, the number of slipping fibers and the breaking strength of staple yarn of fibers of equal length are theoretically studied. Then, the critical length at which the applied pressure is just sufficient to cause the fiber to break is gained from the following equation where, μ; the coefficient of friction between the fibers r0; the mean radius of curvature of helix C; thickness of the fiber θ; twist angle in the surface layer R; the radius of the thread θ0; mean twist angle (=2θ/3) g (t); length of fiber lc; the critical length Hence, the number of slipping fibers is: where, b; number of fibers at the cross section of the thread and, the breaking strength of yarn is where, T0; breaking strength of fiber σ; number of projecting fibers at cross section of the thread
In experiments with viscose staple fibers, the experimental values of the critical length and the breaking strength of spun yarn fitted well to the calculations.View full abstractDownload PDF (434K) -
Kazuo Mihira1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 849-854
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome models of random sliver were considered as the fiber-end density and irregularities of thickness of sliver. The series of fiber-end density were, so called basic series, illustrated three elementary types, i.e., random process, periodic process, and their combined process, where the method of randomization was done by the use of “roulete apparatus.” Sliver has been built up of fibers with various length and finess on the basic series. Thickness irregularities were analized by the method of the “Correlogram” and the “Periodogram” analysis. Chief results were as fllowing.
(1) The correlogram ananlysis was most useful to express the properties within irregularities of thickness in sliver.
(2) In order to decrease thickness irregularities, it is necessary that following factors should be satisfied. i.e., (a) the variation of basic series should decrease, (b) thickness irregulaties should contain the random component as much as possible in their series and (c) the fibers making a sliver should be longer and constant in the length.
(3) When the thickness series has a random process, it was proved that the series did not contain the period and sometimes there was false period of the smallest amplitude.View full abstractDownload PDF (482K) -
(VII) RELATIONS BETWEEN THE STIFFNESS AND THE DRAPE (I) (VIII) RELATIONS BETWEEN THE STIFFNESS AND THE DRAPE (II)Yukichi Go, Akira Shinohara1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 855-864
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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(PART V). THE SOLUBILITY OF DIRECT DYES IN WATERKenzo Nishida1958 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 865-868
Published: November 10, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe following results were obtained:
(1) Weight of dye per 1kg of saturated solution for Congo Red first increases with increasing weight of dye added per 1kg of solvent (water), but at the end this value approaches to the constant value.
(2) The order of decreasing solubility of the dye is; Congo Red (C. I. No.370) Nippon Sky Blue (C. I. No.520)>Aizen Direct Blue BBH (C. I. No.406)>Diamine Blue 3B (C. I. No.477)>Dianil Azurine G (C. I. No.502)>Benzopurpurine 4BKX (C. I. No.448)>Azo Blue (C. I. No.463)>Azoorseillin.
(3) The affinity of these dyes for cotton first increases with decrease in the solubilities, and then decreases. The abnormally low solubility of Azoorseillin and Azo Blue is to be attributed to the chelate structure.View full abstractDownload PDF (333K)
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