Graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto linen fiber and cloth in the absence of initiators was investigated.
It was observed that the weight increase of linen, yield of total polymer and graft efficiency depend upon the kinds and concentrations of emulsifiers and temperature of polymerization. Nonionic surfactant (such as Neugen YX-500) as an emulsifier is more effective than ionic ones. When Neugen YX-500 is used as an emulsifier, the graft polymerization proceeds smoothly onto linen and the yield of total polymer increases with the increase of concentration, but the weight increase of linen has a maximum at 1.0g/100ml. On the other hand, in the case of anionic surfactant such as sodium lauryl sulfate both weight increase and g_??_aft efficienby are lower than that in the case of nonionic ones.
When the powdered grafted linen fiber was reextracted with acetone, the existence of homopolymer in linen fiber was indicated by the reextracted PMMA which was from 15 to 30% of PMMA contained in the powdered grafted linen fiber. The viscometric molecular weight of PMMA isolated from backbone cellulose by hydrolysis was in the order of 10⁶.
Physical properties of grafted linen vary with increase of grafting. Flex fatigue showed a noticeable decrease, water absorption, tensil and knot tenacity showed a considerble decrease.

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In order to investigate the wetting properties of polymer films in aqueous phase, critical interfacial tensions were estimated by measuring advancing contact angles of droplets of several oils on polymer films in water. The critical interfacial tensions of polymer films were as follows; polyamide 4, polyester 12, polypropylene 22, polytetrafluoroethylene 29 dyne/cm. This is reverse to the order of the critical surface tensions obtained from droplets of aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfate in air. It was found that the higher the surface energy in air, the lower the surface energy in water.
Another series of experiments for the wetting of n-hexadecane, was carried out in aqueous solution of surfactans. The contact angle of this oil drop against polymer film increased remarkably to exceed the critical micelle concentration of surfactants and it was found that cos θ increased with increasing interfacial tension. This tendency is just reverse to that obtained in absence of surfactant.

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In the previous paper, the quality of luster of fabrics was discussed from the standpoint of a heap film.
In this paper, it is discussed mainly the influences of texture on the fabric luster (quality).
The results obtained are as follows:
1. The luster (quality) of textured surface is equal to that of the plane excluding the texture of fabric, when the size of textures is larger than the analytical ability of human eyes, while, when the size is beyond the abitity, it is determined by ∑ (reflecting distribution of texture).
2. In fabrics, the parallel property of fiber affects the fabric luster. This is caused by the change of directional properties of reflecting elements at the boundary of fiber and air relating with parallel property of fiber.
3. The relation between the luster of satain weave and of heap films which is asumed to have a plane excluding the texture of fabric becomes clear in this study.
The quality of luster is expressed on the same coodinate system as that of plane materials.

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In the case of high lustrous fabric such as satain weave, it is indicated by Nakazato and Sugiyama that the relation between the luster and the colour (Y value) of fabric is inversed compared with that for non-metaric material, and the visual luster has a negative cprrelation to the contrast gloss. The present paper deals mainly with the reason why such a phenomenon takes place in the fabric.
The results obtained are as follows:
(I) It is confirmed that the observations by Nakazato and Sugiyama are agreeable.
(II) The influence of colour on fabric luster are characterized by. directional properties of internal reflection of fabric.
(III) Since the luster of coloured fabrics is not adequately expressed by the equation given previously, new method is proposed on the basis of result (2) M; Regular reflection of fabric I_γ; Internal reflection of fabric D; Diffusion of fabric D_M; Diffusion of mat supface α; Constant

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In order to obtain some fundamental data on disperse dyeing from alcohols, the equilibrium adsorption is discussed from the view points of isotherm, partition coefficient and solubility.
Cellulose acetate fibere was dyed in the n-alcohol solutions of three disperse dyes at the temperature from 30°C to 60°C.
The solubilities of the dyes in the alcohols were measured at the same temperature range.
The results are as follows;
1) The adsorption isotherms are well represented by straight lines passing through the origin and the distribution law is confirmed, as shown previously^{4), 13)}.
2) Various n-alcohols behave similarly to each other as a medium. In this case, there is no relationship between the solubility and the partition coefficient, whereas the following relation is found between the heat of solution (ΔH_soln.) and the heat of dyeing (ΔH_dyeing), ΔH_dyeing+a•ΔH_soln.=const where a is the constant for a given dye.

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The Rotational shedding system was studied for increasing the loom speed.
The statical peculiarities of this system are described in this paper. In the first place we obtained the equations showing the relation between shedding size and the rotational angle of the sheder. The shedding size diagrams was obtained by applying the equation to the test ribbon loom with the Rotational shedding system. In the next place we defined the shedding coefficient S, shown by the following equation. S=θ_a/180 Where θ_a (degree) is the angle of sheder rotation, and represents the period for a weft insertion. In the case of our test ribbon loom, one weaving cycle is 180 degrees. From the shedding size diagram, we had the value of θ_a, and substituting these values to above equation, we have the curves that indicate the relationship between S and the setting position (h₁ and h₂) of the two sheders. These curves showed that this Rotational Shedding system gives larger values of S than ever, and that the theoretical conditions to get the largest S is possible to be found.

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