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Volume 29, Issue 1
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Takao Shibusawa, Yoshio Hirose1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages T1-T7
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe interaction between disperse dyes and sodium alkyl sulfates in aqueous solution was studied spectrophotometrically. It was observed that the absorption spectra of the azo and the anthraquinone dye in aq. solution varied by adding sodium alkyl sulfate whose concentration was smaller than the cmc. These spectral change were attributed to the exothermal formation of 1:1 complex between the dye and sodium alkyl sulfate. The formation constants of the complex were determined at various temperature using Scott's equation, and the thermodynamic parameters were calculated.
Then, the basicities of the azo dyes having following structure were determined by means of optical method. The introduction of an electron-repelling substituent into the X position increased the basicity. On the other hand, the introduction of both the electron-repelling and the electron-withdrawing substituents into the Y position reduced the basicity. This result supports the idea proposed by E. Sawicki12, 13) and E. Haselbach14) that the proton addition to azo group takes place on the β nitrogen, and it is hindered sterically by a bulky substituent on the Y position. It was found that there is a good correlation between the pKa of the azo dye and the free energy change of the comlex formation. The spectral change of the azo dye in aq. solution accompanied with the protonation on the β nitrogen was similar to that of the azo dye accompanied by the complex formation. These results suggest that the lone pair electron on the β nitrogen plays an important role in the complex formation.
The absorption spectrum of the complex formed between the anthraquinone dye and sodium alkyl sulfate was similar to that of the dye in nonpolar environment. This fact suggests that there is a hydrophobic interaction between the anthraquinone dye and the sodium alkyl sulfate in the complex formation. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that the contribution of the hydrohobic interaction in this case is smaller than in the case of the azo dye.View full abstractDownload PDF (450K) -
TOMOHIDE YASUMURA1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages P5-P16
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Hiroshi Morizane, Yoshio Suda, Fujio Nakajima1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages T8-T13
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to obtain some fundamental data on the dyeing of a false twisted nylon yarn (dry heated) with disperse dyes, the diffusion coefficient of C. I. Disperse Red 7 into a model fibre and the surface dye concentration have been studied by microspectrophotometric (MSP) method.
The model fibre, prepared by twisting and dry heating of nylon fibre drawn-3 times, has its cross section of a chestnut-like shape, which comprises a part of a near triangle and an arc.
The diffusion coefficients on the arc part of the model fibre are much smaller than that for the fibre prepared by dry heating under no tension, and the former values correspond to that for the fibre obtained under the tension of 0.75g/d. The diffusion coefficients on the triangle part are much larger than those at the arc part.
Similar tendencies are found in the case of the surface dye concentration.
These results are explained by the tension in the preparation process of the model fibre for the arc part and the compression for the triangle part. Micro irregular dyeing of a false twisted nylon yarn may be partly due to the above mentioned mechanism.
The usefulness of the present method in the studies of dyeing of conjugated and textured yarns is suggested.View full abstractDownload PDF (1100K) -
Mikio Karasaua, Noriko Choji, Hiroaki Sasaki, Minoru Sekido1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages T14-T19
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn equation proposed to describe the diffusion behaviour of reactive dyes was applied to the systems of cellophane rolls and two reactive dyes of Procion M type:
(I) (Semi-infinite medium) Where C is the concentration of active dye at time t at distance x, C* the surface concentration of active dye, K the reaction constant of active dye and D the diffusion coefficient of active dye.
In order to determine the diffusion coefficient (D) and the reaction constant (K), eq. (I) was integrated to fit the experimental data by graphical asessment.
Effects of pH, dye concentration and dyeing temperature on D and K are discussed. Activation energy of the system is also calculated.
The results obtained are as follows:
(a) With increase in pH, the diffusion coefficient has a tendency to increase and the reaction constant increases.
(b) The diffusion coefficient and the reaction constant are independent of the dye concentration.
(c) As dyeing temperature rises, both the diffusion coefficient and the reaction constant increase, while the surface concentration decreases.View full abstractDownload PDF (414K) -
TADASHI SHIROTA1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages P17-P26
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Takeo Sone, Takashi Yamazaki, Seigo Oya, Yoichro Muraoka1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages T20-T25
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous studies it was pointed out that vinylon acetalized with highly concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst had good dyeing properties with a cationic dyes because of introduction of acid groups into polyvinylalcohol.
Attempt was made to treat PET fibers with sulfuric acid as in the case of vinylon.
The treatment was carried out with sulfuric acid of 72-73% at 95°C for 1.5-2hrs and neutralized with bases such as ammonia.
The fiber thus prepared has remarkable advantage in high yields of colours and good washing fastness when dyed with cationic or disperse dyes. The tensile strength of fiber is as high as that of untreated fibers.View full abstractDownload PDF (356K) -
Toshiro Iijima, Tokitaro Hoshijima1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages T26-T27
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDiffusion coefficient of p-nitroaniline (PNA), p-aminoazobenzene and 1, 4-diamino-anthraquinone (DAAQ) in poly (γ-methyl-D-glutamate) (PMDG) was measured by sublimation desorption method. The values of the diffusion coefficient were considerably greater than those corresponding values for polyacrylonitrile (PAN), e. g., on p-nitroaniline, at 100°C, 7.64×10-8cm2 min-1 for PMDG and 1.44×10-11cm2 min-1 for PAN.
Arrhenius plot of the diffusion coefficient for DAAQ changes at about 150°C. The temperature corresponds to the maximum of tan δ and is assigned to the segmental motion of main chaln of random coil portion located between α-helix and β-structure.View full abstractDownload PDF (120K) -
MASARU ISHIHARA1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages P27-P37
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Munenori Sakamoto, Yoshio Yamada, Hiroaki Tonami1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages T28-T30
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTosylated cotton fabrics were treated with thiourea in various solvents followed by alkaline hydrolysis to give products containing both mercaptan and disulfide residues. The substitution reaction proceeded more slowly than with potassium thiotacetate and faster than with sodium thiosulfate. The effect of the solvent on the reaction rate was found to be in the following order; water>dimethylformamide>methanol>dimethylsulfoxide. The conversion of mercaptan to disulfide in the hydrolysis product became greater with increasing tosyloxy conversion, regardless of the solvent used for the treatment with thiourea.View full abstractDownload PDF (166K) -
ITARU ABE1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages P38-P46
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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KYO MASUDA1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages P47-P54
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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ZENZO MORITA1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages P55-P60
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (517K) -
HIROAKI TONAMI1973 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages P61-P63
Published: January 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (228K)
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