巻号一覧
34 巻, 8 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1～13を表示しています
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森本 佐一1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. P249
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (109K) -
大谷 杉郎1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. P250-P253
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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伊藤 昌寿1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. P254-P256
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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寺西 伸秀1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. P257-P264
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (461K) -
古田 敏康1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. P265-P270
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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桝山 年夫1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. P271-P277
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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馬場 左文朗, 山本 雄三, 斎藤 安史, 木下 茂武1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. T337-T341
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPolyethylene single-crystal mats deformed by hot pressing were annealed in air at temperatures between 100°C and 130°C for 1 hour. The changes of heat of fusion and melting point with increasing annealing temperature have been investigated by differential scanning calorimeter.
The annealing behavior of compressed mats has been found to differ from that of drawn mats. For compressed mats it was observed that the heat of fusion passes through a maximum at an annealing temperature of 120°C and melting point shows no detectable change on annealing up to 115°C whereas it increases drastically at higher temperature over 120°C.
Experimental results were interpreted in terms of two mechanisms, i.e., the contraction of unit cell dimension and the thickening of lamella, each dominating below and above an annealing temperature of 120°C respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (302K) -
矢吹 和之, 幸田 元, 遠藤 誠司, 梶間 郁生, 行松 慶二, 許斐 毅志1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. T342-T348
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPreviously, it was reported that a remarkable tendency of fibrillation of poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) (PPT) fiber on its deformation was related to the pillar-shaped microfibrillar structure and that this tendency may lead to poorer fatigue resistance compared with other synthetic fibers when it was used as a reinforcement for rubber.
We found that these problems could be solved by copolymerization of PPT to the extent that the spinning dope of the copolymers showed optical anisotropy.
The fine structure of such copolymer fibers was studied by the wide and small angle X-ray scattering and the birefringence measurement.
The following results were obtained.
1) Copolymer fiber have the extended chain structure similar to PPT fiber, and the tenacity of copolymer fiber is same as that of PPT fiber.
2) Diaminocomonomer unit (NN'-bisaminobenzoilethylene diamine or piperazine) of copolymer fiber is forced to be included in crystals of PPT, and a crystal of copolymer fiber becomes more paracrystalline than that of PPT fiber. Therefore the cross section of copolymer fiber is more uniform than that of PPT fiber and the pillar-shaped microfibrillar structure found in PPT fiber disappears in copolymer fiber.
3) Such modification of fine structure leads to the improvement of mechanical propertiess of PPT fiber, such as increased elongation-at-break, knot tenacity and knot elongation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1540K) -
塚田 益裕, 平林 潔, 甲本 忠史, 河合 徹1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. T349-T353
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリー絹フィブロインの熱分解におよぼすN2ガス雰囲気圧力の影響を調べた。圧力は一定に保ち,昇温速度10°C/minで示差熱分析(DTA)をおこなった。絹フィブロインのDTA曲線は雰囲気の圧力が1kg/cm2のとき, 319°Cに単一の吸熱ピークを示し,これは絹フィブロインの熱分解によるものである。雰囲気の圧力が増すと,単一の吸熱ピークの形は変化し,主ピークの温度は低温側に移動する。圧力が61kg/cm2となるとDTA曲線上300°Cおよび314°Cに二つの吸熱ピークが現れる。低温ピーク温度はLiBr溶液中で70%収縮した絹フィブロインのピーク温度と一致した。この収縮絹フィブロイン絹糸の複屈折は原糸にくらべて46%も低下した。一方塩酸により絹フィブロインを加水分解した残渣は326°C近辺に吸熱ピークを示した。この温度は第2の吸熱ピーク温度とほぼ一致した。DTAにおいてベースラインからシフトしはじめる温度, Tdは雰囲気の圧力の増加に従って低温側に移行した。絹フィブロインの熱機械的測定の結果から試料の急激な収縮は, 300°Cの近辺でおこり, β構造よりランダムコイルの分子形態変化をともなうことが明らかとなった。
これらの実験結果より測定雰囲気の加圧によって現れる低温側吸熱ピーク(300°C)は絹フィブロインの無配向β構造に,そして高温側吸熱ピーク(326°C)は結晶性β構造の熱分解によりおこるものと考えられた。
謝辞:高圧DTAの測定に際し,始終ご指導いただきました労働省産業安全研究所の駒宮功額氏に深謝の意を示します。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (319K) -
片岡 和正, 酒井 哲也, 砺波 宏明1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. T354-T359
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーHeat-treatment effects of the Loeb type cellulose acetate membranes were studied. With the heat-treatment temperature, the permeability of the volume flux driven by the ΔP decreased; the permeability of the volume flux driven by (ΔP-Δπ) increased; the selectivity of the volume flux driven by ΔP and reflection coefficient increased: hence the selectivity of the membrane was improved by the heat-treatment. The volume fraction of the cellulose acetate in the swollen Loeb type cellulose acetate membrane increased with the heat-treatment temperature. The relations between the volume fraction and the membrane constants, permeability and selectivity, were approximately linear.
The glass transition temperature of the Loeb type cellulose acetate membrane exists at 74°C. Heat treatment at this temperature induces a large compaction of the dense layer of the Loeb type membrane which is observed by the transmission electron micrograph.
The heat of fusion of freeze-dried Loeb type cellulose acetate membrane was not changed with heat-treatment temperature, suggesting that the crystallinity of Loeb type cellulose acetate membrane do not increase by heat-treatment.
These experimental results indicate that the heat-treatment gives rise to the reorganization and compaction of non-crystalline region of membrane.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1159K) -
赤外吸収スペクトルと力学的損失正接(tan δ)・温度曲線による検討羽賀 敏雄1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. T360-T365
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーInfrared absorption and dynamic loss tangent (tan δ) measurements were made on poly(ethylene terephthalate) to study the microstructure of the amorphous part which induced Case II swelling. Unoriented films crystallized by various methods including annealing to attain a wide variety of crystallinity were used as samples.
Case II swelling was independent of the amount of regular folding. It was inferred that the microstructure contains a large amount of ethylene glycol residue in trans conformation and is included in well-formed spherulites. The αa absorption in tan δ behavior, which is related to the microbrownian motion of chain segments in amorphous region, indicates that the texture may consist of the chain segments of highly elastic character.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (380K) -
梶山 孝一, 林 芳子1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. T366-T375
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーGas chromatography of the mixture of sorbitol and various O-methylsorbitols prepared from partially O-methylated cellulose by acid hydrolysis followed by reduction with NaBH4, was carried out on OV-7 column by the linear temperature-programmed method after the mixture being converted to trifluoroacetyl (TFA), acetyl (Ac) and trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives. The Kováts retention indices were determined as well as retention times and retention temperatures for TFA, Ac and TMS derivatives of the eight components, which were sorbitol and seven kinds of O-methyl-sorbitols in the mixture.
The correlation between the chemical structures and the retention indices for each derivative of the eight components was studied on an assumption of the additive contribution of each structural unit to the retention index. It was concluded that the chemical structures had the intimate relation to the retention indices for the three kinds of derivatives of various O-methylsorbitols.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (728K) -
田川 美恵子, 吉川 清兵衛1978 年 34 巻 8 号 p. T376-T381
発行日: 1978/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of the interaction between sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on soil deposition of polyester fibers in a carbon black containing bath is investigated.
The amount of SDS bound to PVA having different acetate residue content (0.6_??_21.5mol%) is measured by means of equilibrium dialysis. The amount positively depends on the concentration of SDS and the acetate residue content of PVA. While, the degree of soil deposition on polyester fibers also increases with the acetate residue content of PVA. Thus, the binding of SDS onto PVA reduces the anti-soil-deposition effect of PVA.
It is considered that PVA-SDS complex which behaves as an anionic polymer in the soiling bath becomes difficult to adhere to the negatively charged carbon black particle, resulting in the increased degree of soil deposition on polyester fibers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (436K)
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