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Volume 37, Issue 8
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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MASASHI SAKURAI1981 Volume 37 Issue 8 Pages P286-P293
Published: August 10, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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YASUJI KAWAUCHI1981 Volume 37 Issue 8 Pages P294-P300
Published: August 10, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Centering on Cotton KnitMICHIO NISHIDA1981 Volume 37 Issue 8 Pages P301-P304
Published: August 10, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Yuzo Yamamoto, Sadao Morishita, Shigetake Kinoshita1981 Volume 37 Issue 8 Pages T309-T317
Published: August 10, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThermal shrinkage of reoriented isotactic polypropylene films which were obtained by redrawing at angle α (α=0, 30, 60, and 90°) to the initial oriented direction (named first draw direction, FDD) were investigated by wide-angle diffraction and small-angle x-ray scattering methods.
The preoriented isotactic polypropylene films which were prepared by drawing and annealing were redrawn to the draw ratio of λ=4 (partially 3). The redrawn films had some paticular crystal orientations depending on the thermal histories. After the thermal shrinkage, the crystal orientation returned to that of the original films (before redrawing). The orientation recovery became perfect with increasing the temperature of thermal shrinkage. This may be caused by thermal relaxation of strained energy produced by redrawing in the crystal and amorphous regions. The dimensional changes of the redrawn films corresponded to the changes of the x-ray diffraction patterns. However, this is not clear on the sample redrawn at a higher temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (1753K) -
Takuma Jinda1981 Volume 37 Issue 8 Pages T318-T321
Published: August 10, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSp-Phenylenediamine, N, N′-dicyanoethyl-p-phenylene diamine and terephthaloyl chloride were copolymerized to give a partially N-cyanoethylated poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (degree of substitution: 30%), which was soluble in dimethylacetamide-calcium chloride. This solution was wet-spun and the spun fiber was drawn and heat-treated at above 450°C, thereby decyanoethylation occurred to yield a fiber composed substantially of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide). This fiber showed the following tensile properties: 10.5g/d tenacity, 1.6% elongation and 760g/d initial modulus, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (278K) -
COMPARISON WITH THE BEHAVIOUR OF O-ACETYLATED ALDITOLSKoh-ichi Kajiyama, Tayoko Ishibashi, Shigeno Koyasu1981 Volume 37 Issue 8 Pages T322-T329
Published: August 10, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGas chromatography of the mixtures of various O-methyl- and O-ethylglucoses prepared from partially O-methylated and O-ethylated celluloses by acid hydrolysis respectively, was carried out on OV-7 column by the linear temperature-programmed method after the mixtures being converted to O-acetylated aldononitriles.
The Kováts retention indices were determined for each component in the mixtures and the correlation between the chemical structures and the retention indices of O-acetylated aldononitriles of various O-methyl- and O-ethylglucoses was discussed comparing with the case of the corresponding O-acetylated alditols described in the previous papers. It was concluded that the gas chromatographic retention behaviour of O-acetylated aldononitriles was similar to that of O-acetylated alditols except a few points.View full abstractDownload PDF (616K) -
Shinji Ogasawara, Sadayuki Takino, Takeshi Hosoya, Shigetaka Kuroiwa1981 Volume 37 Issue 8 Pages T330-T334
Published: August 10, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe diffusion behaviors of anthraquinone acid dyes, C. I. 61570 and C. I. 62000, in nylon 6 films containing various amounts of tannic acid have been studied. The diffusion measurements were carried out by the film roll method in dye baths of varying pH's and ionic strengths at 70°C.
The pH dependences of diffusion profile, surface adsorption, Cs, and diffusion coefficient, D, of these dyes were almost similar to those of monoazo acid dyes reported in our preceding papers. Further, the extrapolated value of D at C (dye concentration in the nylon film)=0, D0, which is regarded as a measure of the dye mobility independent of dye concentration in nylon, decreased with increased tannic acid content of nylon. These results support the speculation presented in a previous report, that the sorption and diffusion of acid dyes in nylon are suppressed by electrostatic repulsions between the dye anion and the negative charges of dissociated phenolic hydroxyl groups of tannic acid.
The effects of ionic strength, Is, on the sorption and diffusion of C. I. 61570 at pH 4 were studied for nylon samples untreated and treated with tannic acid. In the latter case, noticeable Is dependences were observed. Namely, the maximum diffusion coefficient, the corresponding dye concentration and Cs in tannic acid treated nylon, were suppressed at low Is. The increase in Is brought these values up to those found for untreated nylon. D0 values were lowered by the presence of tannic acid and the positive dependence of D0 on Is was stronger for treated nylon than for untreated one. These facts clearly evidence the existence of electrostatic interactions between the dye anion and the dissociated phenolic hydroxyl groups of tannic acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (354K) -
Yoshio Iwadare, Mizuho Okabe, Yoshiko Nagayama1981 Volume 37 Issue 8 Pages T335-T341
Published: August 10, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of alkali metal chlorides on dyeing properties of formalized poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fiber (I) and its acid-treated product (II) with direct dye have been studied at 80 and 90°C. Each dyeing was made in a finite bath (liquor ratio 1:2500) with 1×10-5 mol/l of direct dye and with 0.1mol/l of alkali metal chlorides. The equilibrium sorption of dye (C∞) (Table 2) and the apparent diffusion coefficients (D) (Table 3) decreased with an increase in the degree of formalization of the fiber. The D values decreased in the order, NaCl>KCl>CsCl, but C∞ values increased in the reverse order. The D and C∞ values for II were fairly larger than those for I. The standard affinities of dyeing (-Δμ°) (Table 4) increased in the order, NaCl<KCl<CsCl, but the standard heats of dyeing (-ΔH°)and the standard entropies (-ΔS°) decreased in the reverse order.View full abstractDownload PDF (460K) -
Toshinari Nakajima, Hideko Tamaru, Hitomi Hattori1981 Volume 37 Issue 8 Pages T342-T345
Published: August 10, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present work attempts to elucidate in detail the sorption properties of poly (acrylonitrile)/ poly (acrylamide) blends at low vapor pressures. The adsorption was measured with a volumetric water sorption apparatus similar to those widely used for surface area measurements. The results were compared with our previous results obtained by the weighing bottle method. It was found that the vacuum apparatus provided higher precision than the classical weighing bottle method, even under a relative vapor pressure, 0.1. The results obtained on the blends were compared with those on an acrylonitrile/acrylamide copolymer sample.
The sorption capacity of the blends was less than that of the copolymer at a relative vapor pressure, 0.2. This was attributed to the existence of strong hydrogen bond interactions between the amide groups in the blends. However, above a pressure, 0.3, the hydrogen bonds seemed to be no longer operative, probably due to the formation of the monolayer of adsorbed water. The total uptake of water by the blends could be taken as the sum of the individual uptakes of the blend components. This exact same behaviour was found at all pressures for the copolymer, the total uptake was the result of the linear additivity of the uptakes of the components.View full abstractDownload PDF (268K)
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