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Volume 39, Issue 12
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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TISATO KAJIYAMA1983 Volume 39 Issue 12 Pages P445-P451
Published: December 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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OSAMU FUKUSHIMA, KUNIO KOGAME1983 Volume 39 Issue 12 Pages P452-P457
Published: December 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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NOBUTSUGU MINAMI1983 Volume 39 Issue 12 Pages P458-P464
Published: December 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Masuhiro Tsukada, Masanobu Nagura, Hiroshi Ishikawa1983 Volume 39 Issue 12 Pages T503-T506
Published: December 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSConformational change of poly-L-serine, as a model compound related to sericin, accompanied by heat treatment under humidity was investigated by means of a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermogravimeter (TG), an infrared spectrometer and an x-ray diffractometer. Water was absorbed and tightly bounded to the void in a crystalline region or an amorphous region of poly-L-serine by the heat treatment in the presence of water. TG and DSC measurements indicated that the water was eliminated in the course of heating at above 200°C. It was confirmed that the degree of reorientation of the side chain and the interaction between β-sheets, which were formed by corss β molecular chain, increased during the heating.View full abstractDownload PDF (260K) -
Seiichi Tokura, Norio Nishi, Shin-ichiro Nishimura, Oyin Somorin1983 Volume 39 Issue 12 Pages T507-T511
Published: December 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChitin and chemically modified chitins were spun to the fibers and their tensile properties were investigated together with the accessibility toward lysozyme. The fiber of partially deacetylated chitin showed the best properties in the tensile strength especially in a wet state. On the other hand, the accessibility of the fibers toward lysozyme was shown to be enhanced by the introduction of hydrophilic alkyl group such as carboxymethyl (CM) or dihydroxypropyl (DHP) group to the chitin molecule although the tensile strength in a wet state decreased. It was also found that the accessibility of the chitin derivatives toward lysozyme was rather enhanced even by the alkylation with bulky alkyl group, as far as the modification of hydroxyl group was made at C6 of N-acetyl-glucosamine residue. The microscopic observations suggested that the enhancement of the accessibility was mainly due to the increase of the hydrophilicity of the fiber surface.View full abstractDownload PDF (766K) -
Hirohisa Yoshida, Hajime Kanbara, Naoto Takemura, Yasuji Kobayashi1983 Volume 39 Issue 12 Pages T512-T518
Published: December 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe changes of the mechanical properties of poly (ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVA) with annealing below Tg were studied. EVA samples obtained by quenching from the molten state, having 11-17% of crystallinity, were annealed at (Tg-10°C) for 4-160 hrs. From the stress-strain curves of the original and the annealed samples, yield strain (εy), yield stress (σy) and Young's modulus (E) were obtained. The changes of εy with annealing depends on the VA content. σy, and E of all samples increased with the annealing. The changes of E with annealing were discussed by assuming the first-order process. The higher the VA content, i.e., the richer the hydrogen bonding, the slower the rate of E change with annealing. This result agreed with the fact that the enthalpy relaxation was restricted by the hydrogen bond formation.View full abstractDownload PDF (421K) -
SYNTHESIS OF CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES CONTAINING AMINO ACID RESIDUES AND THEIR ADSORPTION OF METAL IONSToshihiko Sato, Kazuhiro Karatsu, Hiromi Kitamura, Yasuo Ohno1983 Volume 39 Issue 12 Pages T519-T524
Published: December 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe reactive cellulose intermediate having free isocyanate groups (isocyanate cellulose) was synthesized by treatment of cellulose with 2, 4-tolylene diisocyanate (2, 4-TDI). The reaction of the isocyanate cellulose with amino acids and their esters were studied to obtain the cellulose derivatives containing amino acid residues. The reaction was carried out by heating mixtures of the isocyanate cellulose and amino acid derivatives under various reaction conditions. The free isocyanate groups were reacted with amino acid esters in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at low temperature under nitrogen atmosphere, in high conversion to give cellulose derivatives containing amino acid residues. The amounts of amino acid esters bound to the isocyanate cellulose through the urea linkage were 0.35-1.07mmol/g.
The selective adsorption and chelate formation of metal ions onto cellulose derivatives containing amino acid residues were investigated. The results indicated that lysine-cellulose and cysteinecellulose, obtained by the saponification of the cellulose derivatives containing amino acid esters, had 0.051 and 0.056mmol/g of adsorption sites for copper (II) ion, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (362K) -
Hiroko Yoshirnura, Kinzo Ishikawa1983 Volume 39 Issue 12 Pages T525-T531
Published: December 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGarment pressure on the body is an important index of garment restraint. A comparison is made between two direct methods (I and II) of measuring the compression provided by a knitting supporter, and an indirect method involving the measurement of supporter tension. Pressure exerted by the garment was measured at the knee sitting on the chair, using a model with two reduction sizes (5 and 20% reduction to the normal knee size). The 48 sites at the knee were measured for each testing.
The results of the indirect method indicated that the pressure exerted on the knee by a garment was not only determined by supporter tension but was also dependent upon curvature of the knee surface. This is stated by the following modified Laplace relationship;
where, P=pressure, T=tensile force, r=radius of curvature, w=wale direction and c=course direction. The level of biaxial strain on the supporter was measured by photographic methods. Stress-strain relationships on the supporter fabric by biaxial stretching, were determined using the values of tension of 48 points on the garment. The distribution of biaxial tensile force and pressure tended to decrease from the center to the circumference of the knee. It is considered that frictional force acts on between the body and the supporter. The ratio of frictional force F to pressure P is found to be given by F=kPn, where k and n are constants. This equation can be applied to some other non-metalic materials and textiles.
In the direct method (I), semiconductor pressure sensor, which has high sensitivity and thin and small size not to disturb the wearing condition, was used. The pressure sensor was put into a small rubber bag with low viscous silicone oil to be suitable for measuring pressure on the human body surface. It was capable of dynamic measurement by this method. In the direct method (II), a small rubber bag, contained colored water, with a fine tube manometer, was used to measure the pressure in the static wearing condition. Some discrepancies found among the results obtained from three methods were compared and discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (407K) -
Hisao Ichijo, Tetsuro Suehiro, Junichi Nagasawa, Aizo Yamauchi, Michia ...1983 Volume 39 Issue 12 Pages T532-T534
Published: December 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA poly (vinyl alcohol) fiber support, which consists of a bundle of super fine filaments (SFF), has been developed.
SFF has a larger surface area and much more hydrophilic groups than commercially available ion exchange resins (IER). The surface area of an ion exchange fiber (IEF) is even greater than SFF, but the most of pores on IEF surface are so small that they are not effective for adsorbing enzymes. Moreover, IEF lost most of hydroxyl groups during manufacturing process. Therefore, sulfonated SFF adsorbes remarkably more enzymes than IEF and IER.
From these results, it is concluded that SFF is an excellent immobilization support compared with other ion exchange material.View full abstractDownload PDF (163K) -
CHANGE IN FINE STRUCTURE AND DYEING BEHAVIOR OF NYLON 6 AND NYLON 66 FIBERS TREATED WITH FORMIC ACIDTomiji Wakida, Yong-Jin Lim, Toru Takagishi, Nobuhiko Kuroki, Suk-Chul ...1983 Volume 39 Issue 12 Pages T535-T539
Published: December 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNylon 6, heat-set nylon 6 and nylon 66 have been treated with aqueous formic acid solutions of various concentrations for a predetermined time at a fixed temperature. The changes in weight loss, water absorption, shrinkage, crystallinity, crystallite size were measured in order to estimate the change in amorphous and crystalline regions of the fibers, and the structural change in fibers was related to the dyeability for C. I. Disperse Violet 1 (1, 4-diaminoanthraquinone). These parameters, except the dyeability, increased with increasing the concentration of formic acid until the fibers were dissolved completely in concentrated formic acid solutions (ca. 59% solution for nylon 6, ca. 62% solution for heat-set nylon 6, and ca. 68% solution for nylon 66). In particular, the loss in weight gradually increased when the samples were treated with formic acid solution at a concentration lower than 50%. Correspondingly, the dyeability gradually increased at a concentration lower than 50%. However, the dye uptake showed a marked decrease when the loss in weight was markedly observed. From results obtained the relationship between the dyeing behaviors and the changes in fine structure has been discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (655K)
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