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Volume 39, Issue 9
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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YOSHIHARU TSUJITA1983 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages P313-P318
Published: September 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Forced Rayleigh ScatteringHIDEO TAKEZOE, SEIJI ICHIKAWA, ATSUO FUKUDA, EIICHI KUZE1983 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages P319-P324
Published: September 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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NOBORU OGUCHI1983 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages P325-P332
Published: September 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Kiyohisa Takahashi, Kazuhisa Harakawa, Kikuo Ban, Tetsuya Sakai1983 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages T349-T355
Published: September 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElastic moduli of unidirectional and continuous carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) were analyzed theoretically, taking into account the anisotropic elastic property of the carbon fiber. This analysis is based upon the Eshelby's equivalent inclusion method12) and a kind of smearing-out method proposed by the authors.17) The solution procedure was formulated and specified, so that it could be easily applied to the stress analysis of the CFRP laminates. The procedure was applied to the investigation of the effective elastic moduli of unidirectional CFRP. And it was shown that the longitudinal Young's modulus ELc and Poisson's ratio vTLc (vTLc is the Poisson's ratio when tensile stress is applied in the longitudinal direction only) were almost proportional to the volume fraction of fibers (vf), and the simple rule of mixture with respect to ELc and vTLc is available. The shear modulus GTLc depends only on GTLf, provided that the shear modulus of the matrix Gm=Em/2(1+vm) and vf are constant. However GTLc is affected more seriously by the variation of Em than that of GTLf Transverse Young's modulus ETc increases considerably with the increase of ETf and decreases slightly with the increase of vTTf vTTc increases with the increase of vTTf and increases slightly with the increase of ETf. The suffix c, f, m (of the symbols E, v. G) denote composite, fiber and matrix, respectively. Numerical results were also compared with the experimental data reported by Ishikawa et al.11) and the anisotropic elastic modulus of the carbon fiber TORAYCA T300 was estimated.View full abstractDownload PDF (422K) -
Eiji Toba, Yoshihiro Naka, Masao Sawaji1983 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages T356-T359
Published: September 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn attempt was made to apply the single-mode optical fibers as a temperature sensor. The optical phase shifts were observed when the single-mode optical fiber was subjected to the temperature difference, ΔT, since the fiber length, the index of refraction and the core diameter changed as a function of temperature. An automatic phase detection device of the Mach-Zehnder fiber interferometer type was newly designed in order to detect the number of fringe shifts, from which the optical phase shifts was calculated. The sensitivity of temperature obtained using this device was in good agreement with the values calculated. Moreover, it was found that the temperature sensitivity of the bare fiber increased by the jacketing. These results indicated that the single-mode optical fiber was satisfactorily applied to a temperature sensor.View full abstractDownload PDF (782K) -
Ritsuko Nakamura, Mitsuhiko Hida1983 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages T360-T366
Published: September 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn the basis of the examination of the influence of counter ion on the photoreaction of Crystal Violet (CV) we can draw the following conclusions. (1) Counter ion did not affect any influence in degassed isopropyl alcohol, while its distinct effect was observed in degassed acetonitrile. The reactivities of counter ions were arranged in the following order; (COOH) (COO)-_??_Cl->CH3C6H4SO3- This order agrees well with the order of the electron donating ability of these counter ions. (2) A lack of the effect of counter ion was caused by the high ability of ionization and the hydrogen donation of isopropyl alcohol. (3) The corresponding triphenylmethyl radical was formed on PVA independently of counter ions. The radical formation was dramatically accelerated by the addition of moisture. It is concluded that the photoreduction of CV on PVA proceeded by the electron transfer from OH-, produced by dissociation of water, to the excited dye. (4) The photoreduction of CV on nylon was also accelerated by the addition of moisture. Consequently the reactivities
of the electron transfer on the photoreduction of CV can be arranged in the following order; OH->(COOH) (COO)-_??_Cl->CH3C6H4SO3 This order agrees very well with the order of the electron donating ability of the anion.View full abstractDownload PDF (395K) -
Nobuya Kuroda, Nobuhiko Kuroki1983 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages T367-T374
Published: September 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of stretching of polyester films on the diffusibity of phenol has been studied. The films were prepared by the uniaxial stretching under a constant width or simultaneously biaxial stretching in several magnifications. The diffusion coefficient was determined from the permeability measured using an apparatus described in the previous paper as a function of phenol concentration. Then, the following results were obtained; (1) The diffusion coefficient of phenol in the amorphous region of polyester film was markedly dependent on the concentration of phenol. (2) The diffusion coefficient of phenol at a constant concentration and temperature, increased at the initial stage of stretching, then decreased with increasing the stretching ratio.(3) The apparent activation energy, calculated from the temperature dependence of diffusion coefficient, decreased with increasing the concentration of phenol.
From these results, the internal fine structure of stretched polyester films were discussed relating to the change of the configurational entropy depending on the sorbed phenol. It was suggested that the amorphous polymer chains were ordered more tightly as increasing the stretching ratio, and this structural change leveled off at a certain magnification; about 3.5 times for uniaxial stretching and about 2.5 times for simultaneously biaxial stretching.View full abstractDownload PDF (575K) -
Masako Maejima1983 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages T375-T385
Published: September 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe centrifugal liquid removal method provides an evaluation of the internal volume/radius distribution ranging from ca. 346 to 0.1μm in fabrics (by n-dodecane at 20°C). The removed volume of liquid under each centrifugal acceleration was found to deviate from real volume in the capillary at a critical radius due to the partial residue remained in large capillaries. On this account, experimental results of the centrifugal liquid removal method in large radius range on several types of fabrics and filters of glass coated ceramics were corrected with data obtained by the equilibrium liquid absorption method. Corrected cumulative hystograms of volume/radius distribution were found to afford a proper account relating to the geometric feature of the sample, and reasonably corresponded with the volume determined by the mercury intrusion method. Expression of internal volume per area of the fabric, Vpl, ml/cm2 made it possible to compare the internal volume with the thickness of the fabric in terms of the identical dimension, [L]. Vt/T, ratio of total volume evaluated to the thickness of the fabric was slightly larger than porosity determined by the gravimetric method.View full abstractDownload PDF (702K) -
Hisayoshi Shiozaki1983 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages T386-T391
Published: September 10, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe staining rating number estimated by Gray Scale was analyzed by the use of successive categories theory in order to give objective validity to the judgement on the stain-fastness of dyeings. The rating number of stained cloth specimens, which were rubbed on black leathers, was judged twice according to Gray Scale by nineteen technical experts. The visual judged data, which was an ordinal scale, were converted to an interval scale by the successive categories to determine the ranges of each Gray Scale steps. The color difference, ΔE, were correlated with the visual interval scale converted. The relationship between the visual interval scale and the color difference was calculated by the use of regression analysis and is expressed in the following form where _??_ is an estimated value from each Gray Scale steps on the visual interval scale, C is a constant when the correlation coefficient between S and exp(C×ΔE) becomes the maximum, and A and B are the regression coefficients, respectively. The correlation coefficient of 0.999 was obtained. The ranges between each Gray Scale steps were determined on the ΔE scale by the use of the above equation. It should be noted that these ranges enable the judgement on fastness of dyeings to give objective validity. The visual interval scale showed a non-linear relationship to Munsell value scale due to the difference in the quality of stimulus detected between both scales. That is, the Munsell value scale depends on the luminous reflectance, on the other hand, the visual interval scale is attributed to the color difference between stained and unstained cloths. It was found that the visual interval scale was suitable for Weber-Fechner's law.View full abstractDownload PDF (407K)
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