巻号一覧
41 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
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松田 和夫1985 年 41 巻 2 号 p. T57-T62
発行日: 1985/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe twist moment and energy in twisting of a nylon 6 monofilament were measured at different temperatures. The filament was twisted as high as 80% of the breaking twist. The twisting moment and energy decreased with increasing temperature, particularly above 140°C.
The analysis of the twist moment under different rates of twisting by an Eyring theory gave 32 kcal/mol and 47 kcal/mol as the activation energy below and above 140°C respectively. In order to discuss the difference of the deformation behaviours between twisting and constant rate extension, the stress-strain relation in extension was also measured. Although the stress decreased with increasing temperature, the temperature dependence was less in extension than in twisting.
The difference was also remarkable in the energy recovery ratio, i.e. the ratio decreased slightly above 140°C in twisting, while it increased monotonously in the constant rate extension.
A composite master curve was obtained from the relaxation curves of twist moment at different temperatures. The shift factor was described by an Arrhenius relation, with a deflection point at 140°C. The activation energies from the relaxation data were very close to these from Eyring analysis.
The thermal expansion of the crystal was measured by wide angle x-ray diffraction with the result that the expansion coefficient of the c* spacing increases above 140°C. The result indicates that the change in the deformation behaviours observed both in twisting and extension at about 140°C is attributed to the plastic deformability of crystals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1097K) -
吉野 勝美1985 年 41 巻 2 号 p. P59-P66
発行日: 1985/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (591K) -
北尾 敏男, 基村 雅洋, 中西 康之, 木村 良晴, 谷口 五十二1985 年 41 巻 2 号 p. T63-T68
発行日: 1985/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe deformation of a viscous liquid polybutadiene (LPB) drop in an electrostatic field was studied. Three types of electrodes, i.e., a thin plate, a single-needle, and a twin-needle electrodes, were employed in connection with a stabilized high voltage DC source. A PTFE-coated aluminum plate (a counter-electrode) was horizontally settled and connected to the above-mentioned electrode via the high voltage source. A drop of LPB was allowed to stand on the PTFE surface of the counter-electrode and one of the three electrodes was placed above the drop. The LPB drop was deformed responding to the magnitude of the electrostatic field and the deformation manner directly reflected the electrode employed. When the drop was placed between a couple of plate electrodes, it merely behaved as an insulator in a capacitor. The use of the single-needle electrode caused a deformation to doughnut-shaped drop. The most complicated deformation behavior was observed for the twin-needle electrode system: If a gap between the needles, d, was longer than the initial diameter of the drop, W0, the drop expanded in the direction perpendicular to the needleto-needle direction. If d was shorter than W0, however, the expansion was more significant in the needle-to-needle direction than in its perpendicular direction. It is concluded that the coulombic forces, which act between charges stored or induced on the drop surface and the PTFE substrate, resulted in the deformation of the LPB drop.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (435K) -
穴原 明司1985 年 41 巻 2 号 p. P67-P72
発行日: 1985/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (427K) -
宮田 奈美子, 坂田 功1985 年 41 巻 2 号 p. T69-T77
発行日: 1985/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto cellulose was attempted in non-swelling (CH3OH:C6H6=1:2, 18% swelling) or swelling (H2O:CH3OH=4:1, 120% swelling) solvent. Some properties and fine structures of the resulting MMA grafted cellulose were investigated and the following results were obtained.
1) The value of the wet or dry strength (tensile-, burst-strength and folding endurance) of the cellulose papers MMA-grafted in non-swelling solvent was higher than that of those MMA-grafted in swelling solvent.
2) The hygroscopicity of the cellulose papers MMA-grafted in swelling solvent was higher than that of those grafted in non-swelling solvent.
3) The value of the wet or dry strength and hygroscopicity of the cellulose papers MMA-grafted in non-swelling solvent having a smaller number of branches of high molecular weight were higher than those of the MMA-grafted cellulose papers having a larger number of branches of low molecular weight.
4) The layer openings of the fibrous structure of cellulose pulps occurred more often in the graft copolymerization of MMA in swelling solvent than in that in non-swelling solvent. The degree of the openings between layers appeared to increase with an increase in the degree of grafting.
5) The lowering of crystallinity of cellulose and birefrigence of the cellulose pulps MMA-grafted in swelling solvent was larger than that of the cellulose pulps MMA-grafted in non-swelling solvent.
6) It seemed that poly MMA (PMMA) grafted onto cellulose pulps in non-swelling solvent was crystalline and the crystallinity of PMMA increased with an increase in the degree of grafting, though PMMA grafted in swelling solvent was amorphous.
These results suggest that the differences of the strength and the hygroscopicity of the cellulose MMA-grafted in non-swelling or swelling solvent are due to the differences of the orientation and the crystallinity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1685K) -
石川 敏功, 寺西 春夫1985 年 41 巻 2 号 p. P73-P78
発行日: 1985/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (988K) -
山本 信也, 森川 良広, 坂本 宗仙1985 年 41 巻 2 号 p. T78-T86
発行日: 1985/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーEighteen dinitrophenyl (DNP)-amino acids could be separated by reverse phase chromatography using a 20×0.6cm column (NUCLEOSIL 5C18) developed with a stepwise gradient of acetonitrile in aqueous phosphoric acid solution of pH 2.0. DNP-leucine and DNP-isoleucine could not be separated by this method, but excessive dinitroaniline and dinitrophenol formed by side reactions did not interfere with the identification of DNP-amino acids.
N-Terminal amino acids identified for the first time in this report by the micro analytical method are methionine, leucine, lysine and tyrosine for human hair, methionine, lysine and tyrosine for wool and lysine and tyrosine for silk. The above results were supported by the field desorption mass spectra of DNP-amino acids which show only molecular ions of the component DNP-amino acids. The contents of N-terminal methionine found were 0.44μg/g for human hair and 0.28μg/g for wool. N-Terminal amino acids in human hair were also quantitated after the treatments with the permanent wave lotions and the bleach. It was concluded that alkali hydrolysis of peptide bonds and/or N-terminal acetamide bonds took place during the both treatments.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (639K) -
神田 拓馬, 松田 敏和1985 年 41 巻 2 号 p. T87-T91
発行日: 1985/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPoly p-phenylene-3, 4'-oxydibenzoate) (I), poly (p-phenylene-3, 4'-carbonyldibenzoate) (II) and random copolymers of I and II were prepared by melt polymerization and their thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). All these polyarylates were crystalline and the melting temperatures of copolymers monotonously increased with increasing the content of II. DSC data suggested that these copolymers were isomorphous. The polymer-II and the copolymers containing more than 50 mole% II component were found to form optically anisotropic melts. The melt-spun and hot-drawn polymer-I and the as-spun polymer-II were heat-treated under vacuum for several hours in order to improve the mechanical properties of fibers. The following tensile properties were observed for the fiber from the polymer-I; tenacity (T)=9.7g/d, elongation(E)=2.7% and initial modulus (Mi)=364g/d, and for the polymer-II; T=10.6g/d, E=1.6% and Mi=671g/d, respectively. Fiber identity periods of polymers I and II and copolymer I/II (30/70) were estimated to be ca. 17.1Å from X-ray diffraction data. This indicated that the molecular chain fully extended along the fiber axis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (809K) -
小笠原 史子, 山石 健次1985 年 41 巻 2 号 p. T92-T95
発行日: 1985/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn order to investigate the wettability of polymer surface, the surface tension of poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (P-4-VP) and its derivative was obtained by Zisman's plot and extended Fowkes equation. The values of surface tension of modified P-4-VP were related to the structural change of the sample due to the treatment of hydrochloric acid. It was found that the values of surface tension obtained by Zisman's plot were in good accord with those calculated by extended Fowkes equation. The value of surface tension of untreated P-4-VP was high; 51-52dyn/cm, by contrast, that of the modified sample decreased to 42 to 44dyn/cm. It was notable that the molecular interaction force of polar group, among factors contributing to γs, became zero, moreover, the hydrogen bonding force decreased by the formation of pyridinium chloride. The above result was supported by the infrared spectra indicating that P-4-VP transformed to Poly(4-vinylpyridinium chloride) by the treatment with hydrochloric acid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (264K) -
河田 賢次, 溝口 健作1985 年 41 巻 2 号 p. T96-T99
発行日: 1985/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリー先に報告したロープ状布染色についてのシミュレーションモデルを実用染色に応用することを目的とし,布のからまりによる内外の浴比変化の均染性に与える影響を検討して,次のような結論を得た。
1) タイト係数βを導入することにより,局所的な浴比変化の影響を定量的に表現することが可能となった。
2) 浴比変化は,同時に発生する内外温度変化とともに均染性に強く影響する。
3) 温度上昇時の一時期に不均染が集中的に発生することが推定される。
4) 染色後期の温度一定時においても,布のからまり方が強い場合には,浴比の低下に伴って有効染料量が減少し,かなり強い不均染が発生する。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (192K)
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