巻号一覧
42 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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南 宏和1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. P254-P259
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1862K) -
西桜 光一1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. P260-P264
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1477K) -
木田 徳郎, 尾方 昇1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. P265-P271
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1279K) -
田中 邦雄1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. P272-P277
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (919K) -
高次構造の紡糸速度依存性と延伸繊維との比較清水 二郎, 奥居 徳昌, 今井 義隆, 高久 明1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. T379-T388
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPolyester/ether, poly (ethylene-1, 2-diphenoxyethane-p, p′-dicarboxylate) (PEET), fibers have been produced by high speed melt spinning method in the range of take-up velocity 500-7, 000m/min. Physical properties and structure of as-spun fibers were studied as a function of take-up speed and were compared with the drawn PEET fibers.
Birefringence and density of the as-spun fibers largely increase with take-up speeds up to 3, 000m/min and then, their rates of increase slow down from this take-up speed onwards. Their take-up dependencies are not influenced by extrusion temperature. Good linear relationship is obtained between the logarithm of crystallinity (Xc) and birefringence (Δn). The intercept at Xc=100% gives Δn=0.280. This value agrees well with the intrinsic birefringence of the β form, 0.285.
The fibers as-spun at above 3, 000m/min show a crystalline pattern of the β form on the equator and the higher order of (001) reflections are found on the meridian. The degree of crystalline orientation yields almost the perfect orientation from this take-up speeds onwards. During orientation crystallization in the spin-line, the crystal size is considerably developed in the direction perpendicular to the chain axis but not parallel to it with an increase in take-up speed. On the other hand, small angle x-ray long spacing increases with increase of take-up speed. This may be caused by the fact that a monomeric unit of PEET is large.
Birefringence of the drawn fibers is not influenced neither with the drawing rate nor with the drawing temperature. Birefringence yields almost the same value if the draw ratio is the same despite the different drawing conditions. However, the fiber shows the different density and x-ray pattern.
Birefringence and Young's modulus for the as-spun fibers give the equivalent values to those for the drawn fibers, however, the as-spun fibers show the β form and the drawn fibers show the α form. The maxima observed birefringence (Δn) and Young's modulus (E) combined with the intrinsic values (Δn∗=0.296, E∗=116 GPa for the α form and Δn∗=0.285, E∗=113 GPa for the β form) yield Δn/Δn∗=0.79, E/E∗=0.16 for the as-spun fibers and Δn/Δn∗=0.77, E/E∗=0.15 for the drawn fibers. These values are considerably higher than those for PET fibers obtained by high speed melt spinning method.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1853K) -
中野 詔彦, 長谷川 澄子1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. T389-T396
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーEffects of temperature and ultrasonic irradiation on the deterioration of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with the soaking in both methyl and ethyl alcohols were investigated by measuring the changes of tensile strength, elongation and elastic modulus.
PMMA was assumed to have the two-phase structure of rubbery shell and glassy core with Case II diffusion by the soaking in alcohol. The changes of mechanical properties depended upon the penetration of alcohol. The applications of ultrasonic irradiation and heat were effective for accelerating degradation test. The change of elastic modulus of PMMA was described by the additivity of mechanical contribution from both rubbery shell and glassy core, but not for the tensile strength. At the initial stage of soaking, the value of tensile strength was smaller than the expected value from the additivity. At the late stage of soaking, it was larger than the expected value from the additivity. Namely, the elongation of original region in the two-phase structure increase as the ductile region increases because of the sorption of solvent in front of sharp boundary.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2306K) -
真下 智司, 中嶋 正仁, 山口 良雄, 芦田 道夫1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. T397-T402
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe fatigue behavior of short fiber-rubber composites was studied by stress relaxation. The stress relaxation test of composites was carried out in the direction of fiber orientation under 5, 10, 15 MPa of initial stress and 4, 80, 400%/min of initial strain rate. The faster the initial strain rate, the higher the modulus of composites in stress-strain curves. This phenomenon seems to be caused by delay of flow of the interfacial region between fiber and rubber under deformation process. On the other hand, the faster the strain rate, the larger the stress decay at initial stage. It suggests that the interfacial region contains the large distortion under the fast strain.
The stress relaxation tests and the observation of rupture surface for rubber matrix and composite after swelling by toluene were undertaken in order to understand the properties of the interfacial region. It seems that the composites include the weak bond between fiber and rubber matrix, because the stress relaxation of composites after swelling is smaller than that of composites before swelling. From the results of the observation of the fracture surface, it seems that the fracture of composites are caused by propagation of nuclei, which is initiated by the destruction of interfacial region, to the other interfacial region.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (844K) -
井川 時實, 島村 薫, 横山 文義, 物延 一男, 森 義一, 田中 嘉充1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. T403-T410
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPolymerization of 12-aminododecanoic acid (12-ADA) to Nylon 12 was carried out by the solid state polycondensation under high pressure. The original crystal shape of the 12-ADA is kept unchanged after the polymerization. In addition, the resultant crystals of Nylon 12 with macroscopic size has single crystal like polymer chain orientation which can be well explained by the “nucleation and growth” mechanism during the polymerisation. The molecular weight is strongly dependent on the pressure, the original monomer crystal size and the defects included in it. The unit cell parameters of γ type crystals of Nylon 12 were determined by x-ray analysis as follows, a=9.14A, b=32.0A, c=4.81A, β=121.0°, and ρc=1.085g/cm3抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3231K) -
福岡 聰, 小林 良生1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. T411-T416
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーEndo-pectate lyase (PATE) secreted by Erwinia carotovora (FERM P-7576) was found to be adsorbed onto the polysulfone hollow fibers during the ultrafiltration. The adsorption of the enzyme was confirmed by FT-IR-DR subtraction spectra. The adsorption curve was in accordance with the typical Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The maximum adsorption of the enzyme occurred at pH 8.3 and at low ionic strength.
For the purpose of preventing PATE from the adsorption onto the polysulfone hollow fibers, the addition of nonionic and cationic surfactant to crude enzyme solution was found to be effective. Among the surfactants, alkyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (ABDAC) was the best one to prevent the PATE from adsorption. The pretreatment of polysulfone hollow fibers with 0.2% ABDAC solution lead to the same effects as that of surfactant addition in the solution. The polysulfone hollow fibers were treated with 0.25% ABDAC solution for two hours. PATE was recovered quantitatively in the ultrafiltration by use of the polysulfone hollow fibers which was treated with 0.25% ABDAC solution for two hours.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (429K) -
鈴木 文男, 新堰 裕明1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. T417-T422
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーTransparent chitosan/N-methoxy methylated nylon-3 (N-3MM) blended membranes were prepared from their dilute acid solution. The sorption and diffusion behaviors of water for the membranes were studied.
The specific volume of chitosan and the amount of water adsorbed in monolayer plotted against volume fraction of chitosan in the blends showed a good compatibility of the two polymers. The interaction parameters obtained from water sorption on chitosan and N-3MM were negative values, this also indicates a large interaction between the two polymers. However, IR spectra of these blended membranes did not show a specific absorbance based on some reaction between chitosan and N-3MM. Sorption isotherms of water to these membranes without 100% N-3MM were sigmoidal, indicating that the multilayered adsorption took place on the membrane. The 100% N-3MM membrane shows monotonous isotherms at relatively low pressure.
The result of water permeation shows that the permeability and diffusivity of water vapor depend on its concentration because of the plasticizing effect of water on hydrophilic polymers. With increasing content of N-3MM in the membrane, the plasticizing parameter increased and the zero concentration diffusion coefficient decreased.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (412K) -
中山 晃1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. T423-T430
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this study, the bending behavior of quilting cloths with parallel seam lines (stitch pitch;p) and quilting cloths with cross seam lines were examined in various deflecting conditions. The three-layer quilting cloths contain foam or cotton in the center.
The results are as follows:
(1) Not depending on inner material, the bending rigidities of quilting cloths with parallel seam lines stitched in the same pitch along the lateral direction, bias direction and longitudinal direction increase in that order.
The bending rigidities of inner material (foam or cotton) with parallel seam lines along the different direction vary in the same manner.
(2) The bending rigidities of inner materials (both foam and cotton) with parallel seam lines stitched along the longitudinal direction decrease with the increase of the density of seam lines. But if the stitches are along the lateral direction, the bending rigidities of foam decrease and that of cotton, which is made of aggregated fiber, increase.
(3) The properties of bending rigidities of quilting cloths except the ones with parallel seam lines along the longitudinal direction depend on the bending rigidity of stitched parts and the density of seam lines.
In this case, if foam is an inner material, the nonstitched parts of quilting cloths behave as rigid bodies regardless of the bending properties of foam; if cotton is an inner material, the bending properties of cotton influence the bending behaviors of quilting cloths.
(4) In the case of quilting cloths with parallel seam lines stitched along the longitudinal direction, buckling takes place in the cloths and the bending rigidities of quilting cloths step down from (EI)1 to (EI)2 (where (EI)1>(EI)2), when the deflection angle, θj each segment exceeds the critical angle _??_crt.
This phenomenon shows the same tendency as laminated two-layer cloths with parallel seam lines stitched along the lateral direction, but the mechanism of deflection is different as follows; in the case of two-layer cloths, each laminated cloth exfoliates by the bending deformation and behaves as an independent one, while in the case of quilting cloths the nonstitched parts bend by deflection and the buckling parts behave in the same manner as stitched parts of quilting cloths with parallel seam lines along the lateral direction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (548K) -
田中 信行1986 年 42 巻 7 号 p. T431-T433
発行日: 1986/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーナイロン6,およびナイロン6とカルボキシメチル(CM)セルロース樹脂からなる多孔質膜を調製し,それらの熱的性質を,モルホロジーの観察とともに調べた。それらの膜に対する塩化カルシウムの水溶液中でのカルシウムイオンの吸着処理は, DSC測定において,ナイロン6の結晶城の再組織化と再結晶化の抑制に効果的であることを明らかにした。適度にCMセルロース樹脂を含むナイロン6多孔質膜は,特徴的なモルホロジーを示した。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (839K)
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