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Volume 43, Issue 3
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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Nobuyuki Tanaka, Toshiji Yagura, Hiroyuki Okada1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 125-129
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe melting point depressions of nylon-66 and 610 films by methoxymethylation were investigated by DSC measurement. In the case of the films of both nylons annealed at 100°C, the melting peak temperatures Tm in 1st- and 2nd-runs were depressed with increasing the number of methoxymethyl substituent groups, in accordance with a modified Flory's equation for random copolymers. Therefore it is not likely to occur the continuous substitution of methoxymethyl groups for hydrogen atoms of two amide groups in a structural unit. In the case of the films annealed at 200°C for nylon-66 and 151°C for nylon-610, the decrease of Tm depression was observed, arising from the disturbance of the reorganization of crystalline regions by methoxymethyl groups in 1st-run and from the formation of blocks composed of methoxymethylated structural units in 2nd-run.View full abstractDownload PDF (313K) -
Toshihiro Hirotsu1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 130-137
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlasma polymerization of hexafluorobenzene (HFB) was attempted in the presence of N2, water vapor and other gases. HFB is easily polymerizable in plasma, but is susceptible to degradation at higher discharge powers. By adding some carrier gases, the degradation was, however, remarkably suppressed and the polymer deposition rate increased. It was verified by the structural analyses by IR and ESCA that the copolymerization took place. Through the spectroscopic analyses, some characteristic changes could be pointed out in the copolymers; for example the incorporation of the functional groups from the added components, and the suppression of the opening of the aromatic ring of HFB. In the copolymers of HFB, the surface energy did not change so much, and the surface was still hydrophobic. When the hydrophilic comonomers were added too much during the copolymerization of HFB, the products became soluble in polar solvents. Water-ethanol permseparation was attempted by pervaporation, and slight ethanol concentration was achieved by the hydrophobic HFB and HFB-N2 plasma polymers.View full abstractDownload PDF (559K) -
Kiyoshi Ishii1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 138-143
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChinon fabric was treated with Pronase P, Papain C-400 or Proteoliquifase to introduce microvoid spaces in parallel with a significant elimination of the protein component. From the adsorption isotherms for the interaction between the enzyme-treated Chinon and some acid dyes at 90°C, the interaction was analyzed by using Scatchard plot. Under the acidic conditions (pH3.3 and 4.0), the maximum amount of dye-uptake (DFmax) of C. I. Acid Orange 7 or Red 249 by Chinon fabric was mostly decreased by the respective enzymatic treatments in parallel with the decrease of protein content in the fiber, being independent of the kind of enzyme. However, DFmax of Chinon at a nearly neutral pH was hardly affected by the enzymatic treatment. Furthermore, the affinity constant (K) of Chinon fabric for the dyes were hardly affected by the respective enzymatic treatment. On the other hand, DFmax of the synthetic fibers, nylon and Exlan, were unaffected by the pH value, while the dye-uptake by the natural proteinic fibers, silk and wool, apparently decreased with the increase of pH value similarly to the cases of the intact and enzyme-treated Chinon fabric.View full abstractDownload PDF (363K) -
Masashi Kikuchi, Masahiro Matsuoka, Motokiyo Nakano1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 144-147
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe dyeability of naphthoquinone vat dyes was investigated using wool as a model of human hair fibers. Leuco-naphthazarin dyes wool fibers effectively in an aqueous solution under exceedingly mild conditions without any reducing agents and strong alkali in a dyebath at room temperature. The color development can be also achieved without any oxidants. The degree of exhaustion was 70.2% at 30°C for 2h. Wash-fastness was excellent and the dye on the fibers was not removed at all in 25% aqueous pyridine solution under refluxing condition. Contrary to leuco-naphthazarin, the sorption of leuco-quinizarin did not take place at all.View full abstractDownload PDF (270K) -
Michiko Awano, Kinzo Ishikawa1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 148-154
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe most important function of clothing is to protect the wearer from the environment and to feel comfortable in as wide a range of environment as possible. The suitable clothing for any conditions requires the passage of moisture and heat through clothing.
This paper deals with the water vapor permeabilities through fiber beds and fabrics. The principal measuring way is humidity gradient method and is compared with weighing method using a cup. The humidity gradient method is useful for the evaluation of the moisture-transfer through clothing which is putted on.
The following results are obtained;
(1) The vertical distributions of relative humidity over samples change linearly in the region up to 10mm height above. This region is considered as the diffusion layer.
(2) The rate of moisture-transfer depends on the air gap between water surface and sample. Therefore it is important to keep a constant air gap for correct measurement.
(3) A protective cover is used to avoid disturbing the diffusion layers over sample. Height of cover influences the rate of moisture-transfer, and especially in the presence of air movement, rate of moisture-transfer about no cover of a sample without cover cannot be evaluated precisely by humidity gradient method.
(4) To obtain sufficient correspondence between humidity gradient method and weighing method needs a protective cover with adequate height.View full abstractDownload PDF (549K) -
Michiko Awano, Mari Shirai, Kinzo Ishikawa1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 155-160
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe evaporative heat loss due to sweating plays an important role to protect the wearer from extreme environment. In this case, the function of moisture sorption, wicking, water evaporation of textile fabrics are indispensable.
In this paper, for the purpose of evaluating the combined mechanism of liquid water migration which due to absorption and evaporation, a simple measuring method was devised based on wicking height method (JIS-L1096). The height of absorbed water, the weight of distilled water and the quantity of water evaporation are measured at the equilibrium state for several kinds of fabrics, (nine kinds of natural fibers and eight kinds of synthetic fibers). By means of investigating the heights of absorbed water, the volumes of distilled water and the evaporation rates of fabrics, it is proved that they have a certain relation one another. The results obtained are reported.View full abstractDownload PDF (408K) -
Keiko Isoi, Ken Kazama, Tomoko Nakamura1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 161-165
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe objective of this paper is to determine the influence of clothes and face of wearer on becoming. For this purpose, a model based on the characteristics of adding each items was proposed.
Becoming was rated by three observers on 21 clothes and 30 wearers with experimental device with a half-mirror “Alice Mirror”.
21 clothes were chosed by the casual and individual image and classified by using the paired terms of their appearance image to six groups. The faces of 30 wearers who were female students, were represented by 10 items of morphological characteristics. In each items, the most suitable category was chosen by three observers. These results were calculated and the category weight to effect the rating of becoming was obtained.
The effect of combination of clothes and face of wearer on discrimination of becoming was determined by above-described results. Some applications by using these effects were given.View full abstractDownload PDF (339K) -
Isao Ikeda, Hazime Yamauchi, Kimihiro Suzuki1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 166-170
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPolyvinylalcohol (PVA) was acetalized with chloroacetaldehyde in homogeneous and heterogeneous states. Then the chloroacetalized polyvinylalcohol (ClAcPVA) was reacted with polyethyleneimine (PEI) to form the graft and/or cross-linked copolymer (PVA-co-PEI). The copolymer was easily synthesized in dimethylformamide. The PEI content of copolymer increased with increasing degree of chloroacetalization of PVA and molecular weight of PEI. However, apparent number of PEI molecules bound to ClAcPVA decreased with increasing molecular weight of PEI. The copolymer was used as a chelating resin of heavy metal ions and a supporting material for immobilization of α-amylase.View full abstractDownload PDF (303K) -
TEIJIRO KITAO1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages P75-P78
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TSUNEO TANAKA1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages P79-P82
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Electrophotographic ApplicationsHIDEO SATO1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages P83-P89
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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YUTAKA HIRASAWA, DAISAKU MATSUNAGA1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages P90-P94
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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MASAHIRO IRIE1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages P95-P100
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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HACHIRO NAKANISHI1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages P101-P107
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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MASAO NISHIKURI1987 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages P108-P113
Published: March 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (909K)
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