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Volume 44, Issue 7
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Takeshi Kikutani, Hironori Yamada, Akira Takaku, Jiro Shimizu1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages 317-324
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPoly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) containing 0.1 wt% sodium stearate (SS) and plain PET were melt spun at take-up velocities from 1 to 7km/min, and effect of the nucleating additive on the fiber structure formation in high-speed melt spinning process was investigated. When take-up velocity was lower than 4km/min, SS had no influence on the structure of the spun filaments. Orientation-induced crystallization was observed at take-up velocities above 5km/min, and PET filaments with SS showed higher birefringence and lower density than plain PET filaments. By incorporating SS in PET the position of neck-like deformation in spinline moved downward, although the filament diameter profiles from the spinneret up to the neck-like deformation point were almost the same between the two polymers. Spinline stress at the take-up position was higher for plain PET than that for PET with SS. However, spinline stress at a position just below the neck-like deformation was higher for PET with SS, owing to the component of air drag force. From this it is considered that a higher birefringence for PET filaments with SS is due to a higher spinline stress at the neck-like deformation point. The fact that the PET filaments with SS show a lower density can be thought to be due to the decrease in crystallization temperature caused by the downward movement of the position of neck-like deformation.View full abstractDownload PDF (578K) -
Koukichi Yoshida, Tetsuya Sakai, Nobuo Ogata1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages 325-332
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe breaking behavior of the twisted yarn is influenced by many factors, such as mechanical properties of the consisting filaments, the frictional coefficient of filament, the number of filaments in the yarn, the state of twist, and the helical structure of filaments. A new segment model taking account of all these factors has been proposed in this work, in order to analyze the breaking mechanism of yarns. By using this model and the experimental results obtained in this work, a theoretical equation has been proposed. It is found that the actual breaking behavior of the twisted yarn can be well predicted from this equation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1212K) -
Norihiro Inagaki, Yoshikazu Yasukawa1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages 333-338
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlasma polymerization of nitro compounds and hydrophilicity of the polymers prepared, were investigated. Plasma-coating was applied to improve the wicking property of PET fabrics. Plasma polymerization of nitroethane, 1-and 2-nitropropanes gave hydrophilic polymer films having a surface energy as much as 60dyn/cm. This high hydrophilicity was due to the formation of amide moiety in the plasma polymers. The hydrophilicity of the films showed no decay during at least 21 days after the deposition. The plasma-coating of nitroethane improved the wicking property of PET fabrics.View full abstractDownload PDF (397K) -
Masayuki Takatera, Akira Shinohara1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages 339-346
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn efficient algorithm is developed for determining the color ordering of the warp and weft threads which yields a given pattern of color-and-weave effect. The conditions for the interlacement matrix determined by the color order of the threads are also given. All of the weaves satisfy the conditions which can be briefly represented by a design of “conditional weave”.
The pattern of a two colored color-and-weave effect can be classified into three types by an adaptation of the Newton's8) weave classification scheme. It was found that only type 3 (that classified as a multilayer weave without stitching) is a pattern suitable for color-and-weave effect.View full abstractDownload PDF (489K) -
Keiko Suganuma, Hiroshi Kuno1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages 347-352
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith cotton fabric adhered with iron oxide particles, the relation between the rub-fastness behaviour and the aggregation of the particles has been investigated from the kinetic viewpoint. The aggregated states of the particles were changed by means of the sodium sulfate concentration in the preparative suspension.
The rate constant k1 of transfer of the particle from the adhered fabric to white cloth for staining, the equilibrium constant K and the amount of the particle removed from the adhered fabric to the white cloth, increased with the increase of the sodium sulfate concentration in the suspension. The lowering of the rub-fastness was attributed to the aggregation of particles.
The intercept of the straight lines of ln k1-1/W, ln k-1-1/W and ln K-1/W plots, where W is the load weight, became large with the increase of the sodium sulfate concentration. On the other hand, the slope of ln k1-1/W plots was nearly constant, those of Ink-1-1/W increased and of ln K-1/W decreased with the increase of the sodium sulfate concentration, respectively. The relation between the values of these constants and the coagulation value of iron oxide particles was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1158K) -
Takashi Yamamoto, Ikuei Konjyo, Sukenori Shintaku, Toshiyasu Kinari1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages 353-360
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mechanism of winding of a hard-twist yarn was experimentally examined in relation to the behavior of the yarn layer when heat-set was applied to the yarn package.
The results obtained are as follows:
(1) The radial pressure after reaching equilibrium with increasing yarn layer is in proportion to the twisting torque of a yarn.
(2) The axial stress which compresses the flanges and the radial pressure which tightens up the barrel increase with increasing in the torque of the twisted yarn.
(3) When heat-set is applied to the yarn package, the radial pressure which is caused by shrinkage of the yarn layer begins to increase suddenly as the temperature of the cylinder raises up to the glass transition temperature of the component fibers of the yarn, and reaches a constant value as the temperature becomes constant. On the other hand, the axial stress increases with increasing temperature owing to the axial expansion in the yarn layers, which is caused by the growing radial shrinkage, and then decreases since the yarn shrinks inversely to the direction that the flange is pressed.View full abstractDownload PDF (565K) -
Hiroshi Mitomo, Toshiharu Takizawa, Andrew Keller1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages 361-365
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComposition and comonomer sequence distribution of poly (β-hydroxybutyrate-β-hydroxy-valerate), P (HB-HV) copolyesters were estimated by 1H-and 13C-NMR. The composition of HV component estimated from 1H-NMR was considerably different from the quoted values (rough estimates announced by ICI). From the 13C-NMR study, it was estimated that P (HB-HV) copoly-esters are almost statistically random copolymers. The melting point vs. the composition curve was replotted using HV content thus estimated from the NMR study. Heat of fusion of P (HB-HV) derived from Flory plot was 6650 J mol-1 Crystallinity and end surface free energy estimated using this value decreased linearly as HV content increased.View full abstractDownload PDF (267K) -
RYOZO HAYAMI1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages P232-P236
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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NOBUYOSHI SHIRATORI1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages P237-P240
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TOSHIHITO FUJITA, YOUJI MUKAI1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages P241-P244
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TAKEMI YAMAMURA1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages P245-P248
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TOMOKO GOTO1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages P249-P252
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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YOSHINORI FUJIKI1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages P253-P259
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TOSHIO SATO, NORIHIKO NAKASHIMA, NAOKI KYOCHIKA, KENICHI KATABE1988 Volume 44 Issue 7 Pages P265-P271
Published: July 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1836K)
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