巻号一覧
46 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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肖 長発, 高橋 利禎1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. 49-55
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe structure of an aromatic copolyester [I] containing _??_70 mol% p-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) and _??_30 mol% 2-hydroxy-6-naphthoic acid (HNA) was studied by means of wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). Highly oriented fibers of I spun from the nematic melt were annealed at 100_??_300°C for 1_??_80 hours. The WAXD patterns of samples annealed sufficiently at higher temperatures showed six reflections on the equator and two reflections on the first layer line in addition to three meridional ones. Assignment of these reflections was carried out by assuming an orthorhombic crystal system for [I]. The lattice parameters were: a=0.796nm, b=0.549nm, and c=1.354nm. The density of the unit cell was calculated to be 1.47g/cm3, whereas the observed density was 1.43g/cm3. The cross sectional area of the unit cell of I was intermediate between those of homopolymers of HBA and HNA. These results indicated that cocrystallization of the comonomers (HBA and HNA) took place in spite of their random distribution along the molecular chain of I.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1300K) -
須藤 新一, 田代 宏, 唐沢 幹雄1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. 56-62
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーCrosslinked hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) films were cast from liquid crystalline HPC/methanol solution with p-formaldehyde (p-FA) in the presence of hydrochloric acid. Whether or not crosslinked liquid crystalline structures were retained in the cast films was examined by polarized microscopy and circular dichroic (CD) spectroscopy. The dependence of tensile and dynamic mechanical properties of solid films on crosslinking agent concentration was determined. The films were not soluble in both water and methanol. and hence it was proved that the films had been crosslinked. From polarized microscopic observation and CD spectrum, it was found that the HPC solid films retained right-handed helicoidal cholesteric structures. Small-angle light scattering (SALS) patterns of the insoluble films were not affected by addition of crosslinking agent, but were affected by the band textures. With respect to tensile properties. Young's modulus increased with crosslinking agent concentration, and tensile strength and elongation had opposite tendencies to Young's modulus. In dynamic mechanical properties. E' increased with crosslinking agent concentration and exhibited general behaviors of crosslinked materials.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1538K) -
池田 功夫, 冨田 斉, 鈴木 公宏1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. 63-68
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーCellulose acetate fibers were treated with sodium methoxide in methanol for replacing acetyl group with sodium atom. The resulting sodium-contaning cellulose was treated with epichlorohydrine (ECH) in DMSO for preparing epoxy-activated cellulose (CGE). The amount of epoxy group introduced into cellulose increasing with sodium-content but was independent of the reaction time, reaction temperature or ECH concentration. Besides epoxidation, some side reactions occured through ring-opening reaction of epoxy group. CGE could be converted to various functional cellulosic materials through reactions with substances containing active hydrogen, such as amines, amino acids or carboxylic acids. Polyethylenimine (PEI) reacted easily with CGE in DMF. The PEI content of the product and the conversion of epoxy groups increased with decrease in molecular weight of PEI. Other amines such as ammonia, methylamine, dimethylamine or 4-aminopyridine also reacted with CGE. Since methylamine and dimethylamine reacted with CGE in similar ways, the reactivity was considered to be similar with primary and secondary amino groups in PEI. Glycine also reacted with CGE in aqueous solution, and the degree of the reaction increased with increase in pH of the solution. Glycine methyl ester hydrochloride dissolved in DMSO reacted easily with CGE by adding basic compound such as 1, 8-diazabicyclo [5, 4, 0] undecene-7 (DBU). Some carboxylic acids including propionic, n-butyric and succinic acids also reacted readily with CGE, especially in the presence of DBU. However, the reactivity of succinic acid was lower than that of glycine in an aqueous alkaline solution, suggesting that the amino group of glycine was more reactive than the carboxyl group to CGE in aqueous solution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (391K) -
草桶 秀夫, 出口 光晴, 前川 昌幸, 木村 一雄1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. 69-73
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe utilization of the lipase immobilized in chitosan-aldehyde gels for hydrolysis of olive oil in water-insoluble organic solvent was investigated. The highest hydrolysis activity on the hydrolysis of olive oil was obtained by lipase immobilized in chitosan-butyraldehyde gel. Among the organic solvents tested, isooctane was found to be the most suitable solvent. Water content in gel was found to effect hydrolysis activity; The gel with approximately 50% of water showed the highest activity. Thermal stability of the immobilized lipase in organic solvent system was enhanced compared to that in water system.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (336K) -
菅沼 恵子1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. 74-78
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe rub-fastness tests were carried out on needle-shaped iron oxide particles with different specific surface areas. Results were analyzed from kinetic viewpoint and compared with those obtained for spherical iron oxide particles. The removal process of needle-shaped particles by rubbing can be also treated as a reversible reaction of first order. The rate constant (k1) of transfer of particles from adhered fabric to white cloth, the constant (k-1) of the reverse process. of k1, the equilibrium constant (K=k1/k-1), and the removed amount (x/A) of particles by rubbing decreased with increasing particle size in a certain range, while those of spherical particles increased with increasing particle size. The rate constant k-1 and the slopes of lines obtained from the plots of ln k1 vs. 1/W, ln k-1 vs. 1/W and ln K vs. 1/W, where W is the load weight, depend little on the particle size. These results were analogous to those obtained for spherical particles.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1006K) -
桜井 謙資, 宮多 應則, 高橋 利禎1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. 79-81
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA spinning system to produce chitosan fibers from lyotropic liquid crystalline solutions was designed. The fine structure of the chitosan fiber was investigated by using polarization microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Tensile properties were also examined. The chitosan fiber showed a so-called “banded structure” similar to those previously found in the Kevlar fibers and chitosan films prepared from similar liquid crystalline solutions under shear deformation. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed two strong and sharp spots on the equator. These facts indicated that molecular chains in both amorphous and crystalline regions were highly oriented along the fiber axis. Such a structure is expected to give high performances of chitosan fibers. This fiber actually showed several fold increases in the modulus and breaking strength from fibers prepared by conventional wet spinning. It was concluded that the liquid crystalline spinning was effective for obtaining high-modulus and high-strength chitosan fibers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1222K) -
清水 義雄, 鳥海 浩一郎, 石川 忠, 田中 圭, 古川 貴雄, 鳥羽 栄治, 近田 淳雄1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. 82-84
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPressure distribution mesuring system with high resolution has been developed. This system is made up of an optical waveguide, fabrics, and an image sensor. This will be useful in various fields because of quick response and no hysteretic error.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1204K) -
川端 康治郎1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. P40-P46
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1012K) -
増谷 昇, 酒井 五十治1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. P47-P51
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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緒方 直哉1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. P52-P57
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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岩田 実, 藤本 輝雄1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. P58-P63
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1369K) -
岡畑 恵雄1990 年 46 巻 2 号 p. P64-P69
発行日: 1990/02/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1043K)
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