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Volume 47, Issue 1
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
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Nobuyuki Tanaka, Tetsuyuki Kigata1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 1-4
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe instantaneous strain recovery caused by the rapid removal of m2 from (m1+m2) load on PP film was investigated. The instantaneous strain recovery elastic modulus E was calculated by the following equation. Where m1 and m2 are the masses of two loads on the sample, G is the gravitational acceleration, V is the initial velocity of strain recovery, L is the sample length, and S is the cross sectional area of the sample. In the case of m1<100g, the values of E in the two load regions of m2<200g and m2>300g were different. The former value of E was larger than the latter (≈Young's modulus 4.63×109dyne/cm2), With increasing m1, these values approached to each other and showed the same value at m1≈100g. With m1>100g, the value of E was constant regardless of m1. The constant value of E was almost equal to Young's modulus. The instantaneous strain recovery elasticity was explained by Voigt element viscoelastic model. In the case of (m1+m2)<400g, it was influenced strongly by the viscous parts in a sample.View full abstractDownload PDF (262K) -
Tadayoshi Hayasaki, Mitsuhiro Shibayama, Shinichi Sakurai, Shunji Nomu ...1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 5-10
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe structure and orientation of high strength poly (vinyl alcohol) fibers, prepared by the crosslinking/wet spinning technique (B-type fibers), were studied by wide angle X-ray diffraction, small angle X-ray scattering, sonic modulus, and shrinkage measurements and were compared with those of conventional fibers prepared by the non-crosslinking/wet spinning technique (N-type fibers). No siginificant difference was detected in the crystallite sizes and the crystal orientations between the two types of fibers. However, the amorphous orientation of the B-type fiber was higher than that of N-type fiber. The superior mechanical properties of the B-type fibers were explained with the high drawability of the preheat-treated fibers and high amorphous orientation after heat treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (453K) -
Nobuo Ogata, Fumio Yoshimura, Teruaki Yanagawa, Takashi Ogihara, Kouki ...1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 11-16
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnnealed poly (p-phenylene sulfide) sample showed two melting peaks; a minor peak observed at a temperature just above the annealing temperature and a major peak at a higher temperature. The origin of the two melting peaks was scrutinized in terms of two hypotheses; (1) they are due to recrystallization effects and (2) they are due to two different crystal morphologies. The conditions which gave the two melting peaks and the changes of the mechanical behavior at the low melting point were investigated and the hypothesis (2) was found to be appropriate.View full abstractDownload PDF (402K) -
Nobuo Ogata, Fumio Yoshimura, Teruaki Yanagawa, Takashi Ogihara, Kouki ...1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 17-21
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCrosslinks were introduced in poly (p-phenylene sulfide) (PPS) sample by curing at high temperatures above it's melting point in air. The melting behavior of the annealed sample of the cured PPS has been investigated. The samples of the uncured PPS, poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) and poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) were crystallized isothermally after cooling from the melt. Differential scanning calorimetric measurements were made on these samples. Two types of ordered regions were formed in PPS sample during the annealing process. The recrystallization observed during the heating scan of PET sample did not take place in the case of linear PEEK and PPS.View full abstractDownload PDF (1139K) -
Toshihiko Ohta, Tohru Mizukami, Yoshinori Ogino1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 22-29
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe changes of structure and properties of Nylon 6 fiber, by heat treatment were studied under various conditions of water vapour pressure. The changes of structure and properties such as strength. Young's modulus, density, intensity of small angle X-ray diffraction showed good correlations with the change of water vapour pressure in the closed vessel used for heat treatment of Nylon 6 yarn. The amount of water sorption of Nylon 6 fiber under the conditions of saturated water vapour pressure increased at a constant rate in the temperature range from 100°C to 160°C. The heat treatment under the condition of saturated water vapour pressure gave the remarkable changes of the structure and properties of Nylon 6 fiber, and the differences between those of dry-state and wet-state showed the linear relationship to the water content of amorphous part in Nylon 6 fiber during heat treatment. The mechanism of the structural change arised during heat treatment was discussed based on the above results.View full abstractDownload PDF (531K) -
Tooru Taga1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 30-36
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA styrene/amylose graft copolymer prepared by using ceric ammonium nitrate as an initiator was first extracted with tetrahydrofuran at room temperature for removing homopolymer of styrene, and then after the destruction of amylose architecture, the product was subjected to toluene extraction. The toluene extract was found to be styrene/amylose graft copolymer, containing neither unchanged amylose molecules nor homopolymer of styrene chains. The graft copolymer sample was easily redissolved in organic solvents, such as toluene, benzene, chloroform or methyl ethyl ketone at room temperature. The resulting transparent solution did not yield any sediment after centrifugation at 4, 000rpm for 5min. Grafting frequencies in the graft copolymers calculated from the number average molecular weight of grafted polystyrene were slightly over unity. Intrinsic viscosities in various solvents and high resolution 1H NMR spectra were determined for the graft copolymer samples. These results suggested that the graft copolymer molecules were dispersed in the organic solvents to form a kind of polymer colloid system, in which polystyrene graft chains behaved like protective layers of backbone amylose chains.View full abstractDownload PDF (531K) -
Yukito Masai, Tsuyoshi Kiyotsukuri1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 37-43
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of organosulfur compounds (thioethers, thiophosphites, and thiophosphates) and organotin compounds as additives on the thermal decomposition of polypropylene were studied. Organosulfur compounds which have electron-donating substituents to sulfur atoms accelerated the thermal decomposition of polypropylene. Apparent activation energies for the scission of the main chain of polypropylene at 250-280°C in vacuum were about 52 and 35kcal/mol in the absence and presence of additives, respectively. The organosulfur compounds used in this study did not decompose during the thermal treatment, and gave no smell of sulfur compounds and showed no coloration. On the other hand, organotin compounds decomposed during the thermal treatment. It was considered that these compounds formed radicals on heating and accelerated the thermal decomposition of polypropylene.View full abstractDownload PDF (430K) -
Kazuta Mitsuishi, Souji Kodama, Hitoshi Kawasaki, Makoto Tanaka1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 44-51
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of sepiolite (SEP) fiber length and pore size on the mechanical, viscoelastic property, void formation and crystallization behavior of SEP-filled polypropylene (PP) were studied. The modulus of SEP-filled PP increased and void at resin-fiber interface decreased with the decrease of SEP fiber length, respectively. The loss tangent (tanδ) of main dispersion region decreased with the increase of SEP content and with decrease of fiber length. The decrease rate of tanδ of SEP-filled PP was larger than those of calcium carbonate, talc and mica filled ones. In the case of various type SEP-filled PP, the single, double or triple crystallization peaks were observed under nonisothermal conditions. While the heat treatment (750°C) of SEP in air made the double peak of SEP-filled PP disappeared and the single peak was observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (559K) -
Hiraku Takeda1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 52-57
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fiber orientation measurement of fiber/polymer composites were studied for the model samples and the injection molding plaques. The characteristic patterns of fiber orientation of the injection molding plaques were obtained. New experimental apparatus for measuring the fiber orientation was developed, based on the light scattering theory for a rod. Polystyrene and glass fibers were used as a matrix material and a reinforced materials respectively. The fiber orientanion patterns of the transparent plaques were measured by the apparatus and the usefulness of this method for small fiber content (1-5wt%) was confirmed. When matrix polymer was opaque, the soft X-ray image pattern was used as a test specimen for the apparatus. Here, this processing for the image pattern, which was known as a spatial filtering, was achieved using a digital computer. The effectiveness of this method was shown by applying to high fiber content plaques with a small amount of the lead glass fiber as a tracer.View full abstractDownload PDF (1803K) -
1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 62
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TATSUO TANABE1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages P3-P11
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TOSHIHIKO YAMADA1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages P14-P17
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TAKAHIRO SEKI1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages P18-P23
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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SUMIO YAMADA1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages P24-P34
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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HIROSHI MAKI1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages P35-P39
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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KAZUAKI SAKODA1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages P40-P44
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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HISAO ICHIJO1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages P45-P49
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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KIMIHIRO ADACHI1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages P50-P57
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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SHIGEO OGAWA1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages P58-P63
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TAKASHI YAMASHIKI1991 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages P64-P69
Published: January 10, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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