繊維学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
49 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1~14を表示しています
  • Tokuzo Kawase, Yoko Doko, Tomiko Fujii, Motoi Minagawa
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. 267-273
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Polyester surface was modified with block copolymers containing fluoroalkyl groups. The surface of the modified polyester was characterized using contact angle measurements of a two-liquid-phase system and ESCA spectroscopy. The fluoroalkyl groups on the polyester surface influenced both dispersive and polar components of surface free energy, and both of them decreased with increasing treating temperature. The surface cover ratios based on the contact angles were linearly correlated to the relative peak intensities of F1s peak in ESCA spectra and surface free energies as well. The effect of fluoroalkylation on soil release properties of fabrics was also investigated by the washing experiments using squalane, triolein and oleic acid as oily soils. Regardless of the kind of oily soil and washing liquor, the removal first decreased, and then increased with increasing fluorine content. The first decrease was discussed in terms of the work of adhesion between oil and polyester fabric, and the next increase was related to the oil repellency of the fabric.
  • 渡辺 博佐, 高田 忠彦
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. 274-278
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    An important characteristic of wavy shape structure on the KrF excimer laser-ablated poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film surfaces was studied. When the atomosphere of laser irradiation was changed from air to water and to argon, the PET surface structure and its chemical component (O/C ratio) were not affected under an inert gas for PET. The orientation of undrawn and drawn PET films was analyzed by a polarization ATR (attenuated total reflection) spectroscopy. The results showed that these films strongly oriented to the drawing direction were not affected by laser. In order to analyze the orientation pattern of the wavy shape parts of the surface, we used a microscopic Raman scattering spectroscopy and found differences not in the orientation pattern between these parts, but in the orientation of the thick direction between the irradiated and non-irradiated parts. The dye diffusion state in the film section was studied in order to make clear the dyeing properties of laser irradiated and non-irradiated surface. It appeared that the diffusion was larger in the former than in the latter, but when the drawing ratio of film increased, there were little differences in diffusion between them in order to decrease the extent of diffusion.
  • Atsushi Sawatari, Hiroshi Nakamura
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. 279-286
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The cellulose sheet surface with various durations of corona treatment were characterized by chemical modification in liquid phase-ESCA technique. Whatman #1 filter paper, regenerated cellulose film, handsheet from thermomechanical pulp (TMP), and handsheet from softwood bleached sulfate pulp (N•BKP) were used after washing with ethanol/benzene mixture. Carboxyl groups were found on the main chain of lignin on the surface of handsheet from TMP. However, no carboxyl groups were found on the main chain of the surface of the other cellulose sheets, namely, Whatman #1 filter paper, regenerated cellulose film and handsheet from N•BKP. Carbonyl groups were introduced on the main chain of the surface of the all sheets used, after the treatment with corona discharge. Chemical modification-ESCA technique was very effective for the analysis of functional groups formed on the cellulose fibre sheet surfaces.
  • 吉永 望, 岡山 隆之, 大江 礼三郎
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. 287-293
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    An optical technique to measure directly the contact angle of liquid against a single wood-pulp fiber has been developed for characterizing fiber-liquid interactions. A fiber was contacted with liquid by partially immersing the fiber in a drop of the liquid. The contact angle was determined from a series of photographs of the liquid drop silhouette at the point of contact. The contact line and profile history were continuously photographed in every 0.2 seconds after the initial contact. The direct contact angle measurement was carried out by a system consisting of an automatic rewinding camera with two bellows, an intervalometer and a stroboscope. Contact angle of a water drop on handsheet surface were also measured as a function of time according to that for single pulp fibers. The measurement on single pulp fibers by this technique did not deviate significantly from data previously reported by the wilhelmy method. Because of appropriate reproducibility with small standard deviation, this technique was considered to be suitable for measuring the contact angle on fibers of small cross section. Contact angle of water on single pulp fibers showed a rapid decrease with time in the initial 1 second and then was settled after 5-15 seconds.
    Softwood bleached kraft pulp fiber and its handsheet showed fairly low contact angle of water.
    On the other hand, contact angle of single fiber and handsheet from thermomechanical pulp was higher. This can be interpreted as being due to higher lignin and extractives content. For softwood bleached kraft pulp fiber, water showed lower contact angle compared with methylene iodide. But there was little difference between water and methylene iodide in case of thermomechanical pulp fiber. In order to determine surface properties of single pulp fiber of kraft and thermomechanical pulps, the dispersion and polar components to the surface free energy were calculated. The similar values for the dispersion component were obtained, whereas the polar component of kraft pulp fiber was greater compared with thermomechanical pulp.
  • Sachiko Sukigara, Takako Fujimoto, Masako Niwa
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. 294-305
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between subjective assessments of overall sensorial comfort and bipolar hand attributes, and to predict subjective values with mechanical, surface and thermal characteristic values of lingerie fabrics. The tactile sensation of test samples was evaluated by consumers using the bipolar word pairs. A strong dependence of overall sensorial comfort on fabric soft/hard, smooth/rough and rigid/drapable was observed. Distribution of mechanical properties for these lingerie fabrics was rather smaller than that of women's thin dress fabrics. Therefore, heat, water, and air transmission properties, and surface characteristcs of fabrics were important parameters for the prediction of sensorial comfort of lingerie fabrics.
  • 磯井 佳子, 小田 順子, 風間 健
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. 306-310
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The object of this paper is to find the mechanism how experts evaluate the photograph of clothes. Main conclusions were as follows. (1) The words on which the rating of observers agreed in most cases for all photographs had common characteristics related to objective evaluation. (2) Human face in photograph gave the effect of decreasing the number of agreement. (3) For each word, negative judgements were five times more than affirmative ones. (4) The combination which gave the significant relation on the number of agreement between photograph and words was found in the value judgement and the fashion trends.
  • 馬越 芳子, 木下 瑞穂, 秋山 隆一, 酒井 哲也
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. 311-322
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The concept of “kime” is an important factor in the sight sense evaluation of texture, and plays an important role in the aesthetics of silk fabrics. Usually “kime” of silk fabric is graded by experts with the sensory evaluation in terms of some fundamental concepts such as fineness, smoothness, regularity. This study attempts to find a correlation between the sight sence evaluation of “kime” given by experts and specification of silk fabric, especially concerning to various types of optical measurements including Fraunhofer diffraction pattern. The order of fineness of “kime” was found to be proportional to the fabric density. The fabric density derived from the distance between diffraction peaks in Fraunhofer pattern was adequate for the purpose. The stronger the order of observable peak in Fraunhofer patterns was, the higher was the regularity of fabric lattice. The smoothness of “kime” was proportional to the fabric density, but the existance of noticeable gap between ends or fillings largely spoiled the feeling of smoothness. An index was defined as a ratio of the distance between diffraction peaks to the diameter of center spot in Fraunhofer pattern. The index showed a good linear relationship with the sight sense evaluation of smoothness given by experts. The order of “kime” for silk fabrics evaluated by experts agreed with the order of sum of values derived from methods described above.
  • 安藤 勝敏, 高橋 正矩, 富樫 良一, 奥村 由治
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. 323-330
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Electrically, polarized nonwoven fabrics of ultrafine polypropylene fibers were examined as air filters in the effects of their structures and surface charge densities on the filtration characteristics. The dependency of particle penetration on fabric structure was investigated based on the fan model theory, which clarified the structural distinction between the nonwoven filters and two kind of glass filters used for clean room elements. The electrostatic and mechanical collection efficiencies were separately estimated. The stability in filtration property against heat, moisture, air flow rate, and dust loading was tested, by which the electret filter was proved to be applicable as clean room filter.
  • 齊藤 昌子, 後藤 純子, 柏木 希介
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. 331-334
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Color fading behavior of acetate cloth dyed with C. I. Disperse Blue 3 by exposing to NO2, gas was discussed. JIS-L-0855 standard cloth and acetate cloth dyed with C. I. Disperse Blue 3 were exposed to commercial NO2 gas at different concentration and humidity, and to ambient air. Exposure test by JIS-L-0855 method was also conducted. Effect of the concentration of NO2 gas and the humidity to the color fading was discussed quantitatively as the relation between color difference ΔE and NO2 dose (NO2 concentration × exposing time).
    As for the concentration of the dye, fading was larger in light color. Color fading behaviors were different in each exposing condition, especially the JIS method, in which high concentration of NO2, is used, and ambient air treatment showed a remarkably different behaviors. To improve the JIS method, using commercial NO2 gas and exposing at high humidity were suggested.
  • 真鍋 征一
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. P195-P199
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 加茂 純
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. P200-P204
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 穴澤 孝典
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. P205-P209
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 犬飼 雄一
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. P210-P215
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 小林 拓一, 田中 和実
    1993 年 49 巻 6 号 p. P216-P222
    発行日: 1993/06/10
    公開日: 2008/11/28
    ジャーナル フリー
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