Sen'i Gakkaishi

Effect of Thread Tension on Seam Puckering

Miyuki Mori, Masako Niwa, Sueo Kawabata

1997Volume 53Issue 6 Pages 217-225
Published: June 10, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.53.6_217

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The relation of thread tension, seam puckering, mechanical properties of fabric, and dynamic thread tension was studied to clarify the mechanism of seam pukering. The thread tension was estimated using the relation between the twist angle of thread and tensile forces in a seam. The estimated thread tension was less than one-third of tension of the dynamic needle thread when take-up lever is at the highest position. As the estimated thread tension increases, seam puckering gets worse. It is shown that the estimated thread tension is higher in the fabric with high bending stiffness, even when the same degree of puckering occurs.

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Effects of Softener Treatment on Hand, Thermal and Moisture Transport, and Wear Comfort of Knitted Fabrics

Mari Inoue, Yuuko Sano, Miho Uyama, Masako Niwa

1997Volume 53Issue 6 Pages 226-238
Published: June 10, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.53.6_226

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Knitted fabrics were treated with household softeners. The mechanical and surface properties as well as the thermal and moisture transport properties of the fabrics were measured. The use of softeners decreased the friction between fibers, the fabrics treated with softeners became softer and the primary fabric hand values (NUMERI, FUKURAMI, SOFUTOSA) increased slightly. Therefore, the wearing comfort on winter of these fabrics seemed to increase. But cotton fabric exhibited polyester fabric-type hydropyobic properties and the wearing comfort on summer seemed to decrease. In the case of washing with detergent that contains softener, the softener did not adequately reduce the inter-fiber friction that increases when a fabric is washed by detergent alone, indicating that it is most effective to add softener after the wash cycle.

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Measurement of Moisture Transmission Coefficient of Fabrics based on Diffusion's Law, Weighing and Humidity Gradient Methods

Atsushi Suzuki, Saiji Higuchi

1997Volume 53Issue 6 Pages 239-248
Published: June 10, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.53.6_239

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Moisture transmission rate in fabric and humidity of diffusion layer over the fabric have been measured by weighing and humidity gradient procedure based on the cup method, respectively. The diffusion's law of moisture transmission was applied to the air layer in the cup, the space in the fabric, and the air layer over the fabric. The transmission coefficient of moisture in the fabric was calculated by solving the simultaneous equations. It was about 2_??_15×10^-3m²/h, and the values correspond to 2_??_14% of the diffusion coefficient of water vapor in air. The transmission resistance and convection coefficient of moisture on the surface of fabric were estimated to 5_??_8m/h and 11_??_20×10^-2h/m, respectively. The transmission resistance of moisture in fabric was about 10_??_30% of the total transmission resistance of moisture of the experimental system.

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Synthesis and Properties of Water-soluble Polyamine Phosphate Type Durable Antistatic Agent

Hong-Soo Park, Seung-Jin Kim, Hee-Woo Rhee

1997Volume 53Issue 6 Pages 249-257
Published: June 10, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.53.6_249

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Water-soluble polyamines (PEG-DETs) were obtained by reacting PEG 600-diglycidyl ether with tetraethylenepentamine, which is a highly conductive aliphatic amine and curing agent. Then water-soluble polyamine phosphates (PEG-DETPs) were synthesized by cationization of PEG-DETs with phosphoric acid to prevent gelation and enhance solution stability. Antistatic agents were prepared by adding water to these PEG-DETs and PEG-DETPs. Several antistatic tests were carried out after applying the prepared antistatic agents to PET textile with and without resin. Tests showed that PEG-DETPs possessed the durability along with antistatic properties and washability.

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Effect of Sodium Poly (styrene sulfonate) on Acid Dyeing of Nylon with C. I. Acid Orange 7

Yukie Karube, Toshiro Iijima

1997Volume 53Issue 6 Pages 258-262
Published: June 10, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.53.6_258

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The effect of sodium poly (styrene sulfonate) (PS) on acid dyeing of nylon with C. I. Orange 7 was investigated. Sodium ethylbenzene sulfonate (EB) was used for comparison. Both of PS and EB is found to be effective as retardant of acid dyeing of nylon. The retarding effect of EB is more remarkable than one of PS. PS is adsorbed only on the surface of nylon due to the large molecular size, while EB is diffused into the nylon substrate. A model of nylon dyeing in the presence of PS or EB is presented.

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[title in Japanese]

MORIYA UCHIDA

1997Volume 53Issue 6 Pages P157-P160
Published: June 10, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.53.6_P157

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[title in Japanese]

HIROSHI ITAGAKI

1997Volume 53Issue 6 Pages P161-P166
Published: June 10, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.53.6_P161

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[title in Japanese]

TAIZOU FUKUDA

1997Volume 53Issue 6 Pages P167-P170
Published: June 10, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.53.6_P167

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[title in Japanese]

SUNAO OHNUMA

1997Volume 53Issue 6 Pages P171-P174
Published: June 10, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.53.6_P171

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[title in Japanese]

KEN KAZAMA

1997Volume 53Issue 6 Pages P175-P177
Published: June 10, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.53.6_P175

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[title in Japanese]

HIROHUSA SHIRAI

1997Volume 53Issue 6 Pages P178-P180
Published: June 10, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.53.6_P178

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