巻号一覧
53 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の15件中1～15を表示しています
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望月 政嗣, 村瀬 繁満, 稲垣 まどか, 冠 喜博, 工藤 和成1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. 348-355
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーMonofilaments made from high-molecular-weight poly (butylene succinate-co-ethylene succinate) s (ethylene succinate content: 0 to 22 mole%) were prepared by melt spinning. Tests of enzymatic degradation by lipase and environmental degradation such as soil burial and sea water exposure were carried out in order to investigate the structural effects upon biodegradation. Microstructure of the fibers was examined by wide-angle X-ray diffraction before and after enzymatic degradation. The extent of biodegradation was evaluated by water-soluble total organic carbon formation after the enzymatic degradation, weight loss and tensile strength retention after the environmental degradation. The dominant factor determining the rate of biodegradation appeared to be closely related with content of highly-ordered structure such as crystallinity although the rate of degradation increased with increasing content of ethylene succinate unit. The crystalline regions appeared to be ultimately degraded, which was supported by an evidence that crystallinity and crystallite size, particularly along the fiber axis, decreased after the enzymatic degradation. The profile and order of biodegradability in the enzymatic degradation was basically consistent with that found in the soil burial and the sea water exposure.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2312K) -
古橋 幸子, 伊藤 浩志, 鞠谷 雄士, 山本 孝, 木水 貢1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. 356-364
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPoly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) fibers were prepared under different drawing and annealing conditions. Three types of crystal structure were observed in each fiber. Those are orthorhombic crystals with two different orientation modes and a new crystal form represented by one strong reflection on the equator in the wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) pattern. Changes in the WAXD pattern, birefringence and dynamic mechanical properties of these fibers with increasing temperature were investigated. The structural change of the fibers began to occur when the temperature exceeded the annealing temperature of respective starting fibers. Results on the changes in the amount of three crystal structures agreed with the change in the birefringence if intrinsic birefringence of each crystal structure was considered. Comparing the structural changes of different fibers during heating, it was speculated that all the three crystal structures in the starting fibers were formed in the drawing process and their thermal stability depends on drawing temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1535K) -
小西 孝, 金東 建, 伊藤 孝1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. 365-372
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーThe amorphous silk fibroin films were prepared by casting from lithium bromide aqueous solution. It was found on the basis of the X-ray diffraction patterns that the amorphous phase was crystallized into two different crystalline forms, Silk I and SilkII, by the short-time annealing at 200°C. The fibroin films of untreated sample was found to be crystallized into silk I type in the process of heating by the DSC. The metastable Silk I type was partly transformed into Silk II type by longer annealing. The films were stretched up to 2.7 times after being immersed in 80% ethanol aqueous solution for 30s. The strength and Young's modulus of the drawn films increased and elongation decreased with increasing the draw ratio. In the case of low draw ratio, crystallization occurred without any orientation. The degree of crystal orientation of Silk I and Silk II types increased, with the increase in the draw ratio of sample. The increase in the degree of crystallinity caused by annealing and stretching treatment was accompanied by the phase transformation from amorphous to Silk II. This fact was also supported by the DSC result.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1647K) -
中山 敦好, 川崎 典起, 相羽 誠一, 山本 襄, 酒井 博, 山崎 京子, 前田 育克, 竹内 照文, 東 孝1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. 373-380
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーBiodegradability of poly (ε-caprolactone-co-ε-caprolactam) s and poly (ε-caprolactone-co-ω-laurolactam)s was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis test, activated sludge test and sea-water test. The enzymes used for hydrolysis test were lipases from Rhizopus arrhizus, Rhizopus delemar, Candida cylindracea and Pseudomonas Fluorecence. The activated sludge test was conducted mainly by a modified ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) method. The biodegradability was evaluated with the amount of evoluved CO2. The results were similar to those by JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) method based on BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand). The sea-water test carried out in a marine environment, at Kushimoto bay. Most of copolyesteramides were completely degraded for 3 months. The poly (ε-caprolactone-co-ε-caprolactam)s were degraded by the enzymatic hydrolysis test, the activated sludge test and the sea-water test. On the contrary, the poly (ε-caprolactone-co-ω-laurolactam)s were degraded by activated sludge test and sea-water test, however the enzymatic hydrolysis test showed negative results.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1520K) -
玉井 洋介, 佐々木 康人, 中村 邦雄1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. 381-386
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPolyurethane (PU) foams and films were prepared from Shiro-kasu which was discharged from a commercial wheat starch and gluten production. PU foams were obtained by reacting the mixture of Shiro-kasu and polyol with diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Apparent density of PU foams decreased with increasing Shiro-kasu content because of increase of foaming ratio. The mechanical properties were measured by a tensile test machine. The compression stress of PU foams decreased and the tensile stress of PU films increased with increasing Shiro-kasu content. Thermal properties of PU's were measured by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. Glass transition temperature(Tg) of PU's increased and decomposition temperature (T_??_) of those decreased with increasing Shiro-kasu content. Biodegradability of PU films was measured by activated sludge method. The weight of PU films in activated sludge remarkably decreased with increasing Shiro-kasu content. These results indicated that Shiro-kasu could be used as a polyol for biodegradable PU.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1168K) -
吉田 淑則, 山川 芳孝, 後藤 幸平, 岡 勝仁, 林 壽郎1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. 387-392
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーA-B-A type block copolymer [GIG (P) ] membranes consisting of Poly (N-hydroxypropyl-L-glutamine) [PHPG] as the A component and Polyisoprene [PI] as the B component were prepared by carrying out aminoalcoholysis reaction with 3-amino-l-propanol [P] together with a crosslinking reaction with 1, 8-octamethylene diamine (OMDA) on membranes of the starting block copolymer [GIG] membranes consisting of poly (γ-benzyl L-glutamate) [PBLG] and PI. It was shown that the effective crosslink density was proportional to the molar % of OMDA in the reaction mixture. The relation between their bulk structure and membrane properties was investigated, such as the swelling ratio q in a pseudo -extracellular fluid [PECF], tensile properties, and enzymatic degradation behavior of the membranes in PECF. Tensile properties of the hydrophilic membranes were highly dependent on q in PECF, and on the hydrophobic portions in molecular chains, whose behavior was typical of an elastomer. Biodegradation of samples in vitro by ficin indicated that the degradation was a bulk rather than a surface phenomenon, and that the rate of degradation was also highly dependent on q of membranes in PECF.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (443K) -
Yuji Sawada, Kazuyuki Hattori, Takashi Yoshida, Toshiyuki Uryu1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. 393-399
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーA new polysaccharide derivative having grafted polystyrene was synthesized by graft copolymerization of styrene onto curdlan initiated with ammonium persulfate (APS) in H20 at 60°C. Effective concentration of APS was present in a narrow range around 0.25mmol against 0.50g (0.27mmol) of curdlan and styrene concentration was also one of important factors controlling the graft copolymerization. The maximum grafting percentage was 209%. Characterization of the resulting curdlan-graft-polystyrene was performed by means of IR, CP/MAS solid-state NMR, DSC, and SEM. The polystyrene grafts obtained after acid hydrolysis of curdlan-graft-polystyrenes had large molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1288K) -
木村 照夫, 中西 康司, 近藤 幸江1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. 400-408
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーIn recent years, the textile industry has taken a growing interest in developing a system for recycling waste fibers which result from the process of manufacturing products with the goals of protecting the environment and saving energy. In this paper, the material recyclability of cut waste of cotton/polyester mixed cloth as a molding material of plastic injection molding process was investigated. The cut waste was also used as a matrix material for fiber reinforced composites.
To avoid the disadvantage of cotton for the tensile properties of molded specimens, the waste cord of polyester or nylon6 fabrics was fed directly into the injection machine together with the cut waste of cotton/polyester mixed cloth. Namely, the weight fraction of cotton in the molded specimen was decreased with increasing polyester or nylon6. For the purpose of molding the composite materials, continuous glass fiber bundles were fed into the injection machine together with the cut waste of cotton/polyester mixed cloth.
The tensile strength and modulus of molded specimens were discussed based on SEM observation results of fracture surface. Moreover, the sharpy impact value was measured for various specimens.
Apart from a large variation in metering time data, the experiments indicate that cut waste of cotton/polyester mixed cloth can be fed automatically into the injection machine. The increasing of tensile strength, modulus and shrpy impact value could be achieved by decreasing the weight fraction of cotton or by increasing the weight fraction of glass fiber.
The results suggest that the injection molding method described herein shows promise for contributing toward the material recycling of cut waste of cotton/polyester mixed cloth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3775K) -
木村 悟隆, 佐藤 理英, 宮下 美晴, 鈴木 秀松, 西尾 嘉之1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. 409-411
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (224K) -
権藤 忠之1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. P288-P292
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1984K) -
寺嶋 久史1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. P293-P299
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1278K) -
朝倉 哲郎1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. P300-P304
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (879K) -
大北 順二, 武村 治, 大谷 三夫1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. P305-P308
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1349K) -
佐々木 幸博, 山下 充, 清瀬 篤信1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. P309-P311
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (994K) -
松尾 武幸1997 年 53 巻 9 号 p. P317-P319
発行日: 1997/09/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1577K)
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