繊維学会誌
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Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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56 巻, 1 号
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繊維と工業
時評
座談会
「アパレル・コンピュータ・サイエンス」特集
繊維技術を用いた分離技術
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  • 質的なデータを用いた布の風合い評価
    天野 敏彦, 前中 由子, 北浦 多栄子, 小原 和幸
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    専門分野: 情報学
    2000 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 1-5
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.1
    ジャーナル フリー
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    We tried to evaluate the objective hand value of a fabric by using not numerical but only qualitative data for its properties, such as large/small, high/low, excellent/poor and so on. In the analysis, SHINAYAKASA (Flexibility with soft feeling) of women’s dress fabrics defined in the KES method was used as an objective measure of a sample fabric. The measured data with a KES apparatus were converted to the qualitative values by comparing the measured data with settled standards. These qualitative data of 187 samples were statistically analyzed by the quantification theory I. The multiple correlation coefficient between SHINAYAKASA of the KES method and that estimated by using the parameters obtained in the analysis was 0.92. The number of items used in the analysis was largely reduced from 16 to 7, that is, WT, B, G, WC, MMD, SMD, and W. These results indicate that the objective evaluation of fabric hand using qualitative data can be in practical use at a similar level of the KES method.
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  • セルロースアセテートフィルムの膨潤湿熱法による延伸性 高分子材料の膨潤湿熱法延伸に関する研究(第6報)
    松本 喜代一, 河村 哲也
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    専門分野: 情報学
    2000 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 6-11
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.6
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Cellulose acetate films are stretched uniaxially by swell-wet process in acetone aqueous solution at room temperature, because the stretching of this film by hot dry process in very difficult. The swelling agent consists of a mixture of a good solvent (acetone) and a poor one (water). The optimum mixing ratio for the swell-wet process stretching was determined. The stretchability of film by swell-wet process was evaluated by stretching work which depends on stretching conditions such as concentration of swelling agent, stretching temperature and rate of stretching, etc.. The results of stretchability of cellulose acetate film by swell-wet process are summarized as follows. (1) The films are had swelling of isotropy under the influence of film-forming by flow-casting method. (2) In view of kinetic analysis the stretching working can be better measure for the evaluation of stretchability of film by swell-wet process. (3) The most suitable swelling agent for stretching of the film by swell-wet process should be 40/60∼50/50 in the ratio of acetone/water at room temperature based on the evaluation of maximum stretching work.
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  • セルロースアセテートフィルムの膨潤湿熱法による一軸および二軸延伸 高分子材料の膨潤湿熱法延伸に関する研究(第7報)
    松本 喜代一, 橘 良信, 河村 哲也
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    専門分野: 情報学
    2000 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 12-19
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.12
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    Cellulose acetate films were uni- and bi-axially stretched at room temperature in swell-wet agent bath, and the effects of stretching conditions on the molecular orientation and mechanical properties of the films were examined. Following results were obtained: (1) The molecular chain of the films uniaxially stretched with free width was uniaxial orientation with cylindrical symmetry around the stretching axis, and the anisotropy of mechanical properties in the mechine direction was greater than that of the other samples. (2) For the uniaxially stretched films with constant width, the molecular chainshowed a uniplanar-axial orientation, which are uniaxial to stretching axis along with parallel to the film surface, and the anisotropy of mechanical properties was smaller than that films niaxially stretched with free width. (3) For the simultaneous biaxially stretched films, the molecular chain showed a uniplanar orientation, which are random orientation within the film along withparallel to film surface at all stretch ratios. The balanced mechanical properties, which were isotropic in the film plane regardless of at all stretch ratio, and improved by stretching.
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  • 抗菌防臭加工繊維製品中のヒノキチオールの分析法
    中島 晴信, 宮野 直子, 松永 一朗, 沢辺 善之, 高塚 正
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    専門分野: 情報学
    2000 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 20-25
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.20
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The analytical method for identifying hinokitiol (HN) in antimicrobial/deodorant processed textiles was examined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a photo diode array detector. The detection limit at 240nm wavelength was 3ng as S/N=5. First, the presence of HN in hiba oil was determined, and then the extraction method from hiba oil filled microcapusules was examined. Second, HN in the hiba oil filled microcapusules which adhered to the cloth was analyzed. As a result, HN was surely found in the cloth immediately after processing. To analyze the level of HN in antimicrobial/deodorant processed textiles, HN was extracted from samples with methanol under reflux at 70°C. To remove the polar materials, 20mM phosphate buffer (pH=2.4) was added to the extract, and HN was then reextracted into cyclohexane from the methanolic phase. After the extract was concentrated, it was applied to a C18 cartridge column, HN was then eluted with methanol. After concentration, the elute was applied to the HPLC. Although good recoveries of HN were developed in each operating step, the overall recoveries from textiles fortified at 10μg and 100μg were only 10∼14% and 40∼55%, respectively. Probably, the cause of such low recoveries was due to the photolysis and sublimation ability of HN. Therefore, quantitative analysis of HN was difficult using this method, but qualitative analysis was possible above the range of 10μg. Five brands of antimicrobial/deodorant processed textiles using HN were analyzed by this method, however HN was not detected in any of the samples. Consequently, it is doubtful that the antimicrobial effect of those products was dependent on the activity of HN.
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  • ケイ素と二酸化ケイ素の混合物を原料とするナイロンフィルムへのケイ素酸化物の真空蒸着 高分子膜へのケイ素酸化物コーティングと膜のバリアー性(第2報)
    川崎 元夫, 木村 良晴, 岩崎 立夫, 山根 秀樹
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    専門分野: 情報学
    2000 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 26-32
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.26
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Silicon oxide (SiOx:x=1∼2) layer was deposited on the biaxially oriented nylon 6 films in a vacuum evaporator by using the mixtures of Si and SiO2 as evaporation sources instead of the expensive SiO. The evaporation source consisting of Si/SiO2=1/2(wt/wt) gave a highest evaporation efficiency and formed a most uniform SiOx deposited layer on the nylon 6 film. Further the SiOx vacuum deposition was continuously carried out on the running nylon film by using the mixtures of Si and SiO2 as evaporation sources. It was found that the thickness of the silicon oxide layer on the nylon film and the water vapor permeation rate are strongly related to the running velocity of the nylon film and the applied electric current to the heater. Although permeation rates of the water vapor through the SiO deposited nylon films were fairly high just after the deposition, especially when the deposited layer was thin, they then decreased to lower equilibrium values. Deposition of SiOx layer on the nylon film decreased the transmittance of the light in an ultra-violet region. We found that the silicon oxide deposited nylon 6 films with a high transparency and a high barrier to the water vapor can be obtained by using the mixtures of Si and SiO2 as evaporation sources instead of SiO.
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  • 酸性染料によるナイロン染色布の摩擦堅牢度
    菅沼 恵子
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    専門分野: 情報学
    2000 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 33-37
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.33
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    Several acid dyes whose molecular sizes were far different were used in this work. They were dyed with nylon fabrics and the characteristics of their rubbing-fastness were investigated. The amount of removed dyes were different from dye to dye and it had nothing to do with molecular size of dye. From kinetic analysis, the removal process of acid dyes could be treated as a reversible reaction of first order. The rate constant of transfer of acid dyes from dyed nylon fabrics to white cloth (k1) and the rate constant of reverse process (k-1) mostly increased with molecular weight of dyes but the equilibrium constant (K) did not depend on it. So far with cotton fabrics, the constants k1 and K generally depended on load weight on white cloth but k-1 did little, while with nylon fabrics dyed with acid dyes all those constants did. The dependence of k1 on load weight was the biggest, k-1 was the second and K was the third.
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  • 衣料用革の透湿と吸湿
    仙田 尚美, 金綱 久明
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    専門分野: 情報学
    2000 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 38-46
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.38
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    Moisture permeation through clothing leathers and moisture absorption were investigated by the experimental method used in the previous report (A Consideration on Mechanism of Moisture Permeability through Knitted Fabric of Wool and Crimped Acrylic Fiber). Commercial clothing cattle leather, lamb leather and these leathers extracted with n-hexane, and ECSAINE were used for experiments. Experiments were performed on one-layered sample and ten-layered samples. It was estimated that the moisture permeation through the leather extracted with n-hexane occured by a diffusion of water vapour in the minute space in the leather, and the diffusion coefficient Dc was calculated. The commercial clothing leathers and the leathers ex-tracted with n-hexane differed each other in the mechanism of the moisture permeation through the leather. A large moisture absorption was observed in a process of the moisture permeation through the leathers.
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  • 事象関連電位を用いた肌触りの評価
    堀場 洋輔, 上條 正義, 細谷 聡, 高寺 政行, 清水 義雄, 佐渡山 亜兵
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    専門分野: 情報学
    2000 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 47-54
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.47
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Tactile sensation of clothes is the important element that gives influence to a comfortable feeling by wearing clothes. Sensory test or physical characteristics of clothes has been used for evaluation of tactile sensation in clothes. But it is difficult for these methods to evaluate tactile sensation in clothes objectively. We propose an evaluation method of tactile sensation by using physiological response for the purpose of evaluating tactile sensation objectively. To evaluate tactile sensation in clothes, we measured event related potential (ERP), detected P300 in ERP. P300 is well known as ERP which reflected the human recognition and evaluation of stimulation. We studied the relation between P300 and tactile sensation, in order to confirm availability of P300 as an index of evaluating tactile sensation. As a result, P300 corresponding to tactile sensation was obtained. Obtained P300 at the time of uncomfortable tactile sensation for subjects had significantly greater amplitude than at the time of comfortable tactile sensation. Moreover it is suggested that brain’s activity by analyzed alpha wave is effective to the evaluation of tactile sensation in clothes objectively.
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