Sen'i Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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Volume 56, Issue 10
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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  • Changes in Breaking Strength and Water Retention of Cellulosic Fibers hydrolyzed by Commercial Cellulases
    Kyohei Joko, Jitsuo Sugai, Kazuomi Kimura, Toshiro Hayashi, Motoo Arai
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2000 Volume 56 Issue 10 Pages 473-481
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2001
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.473
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The changes in weight loss, breaking strength and water retention of the cellulosic fibers; cotton, viscose rayon filament and cuprammonium rayon filament yarns, by the enzymatic hydrolysis were investigated with the commercial cellulase A and cellulase B from Aspergillus niger and from Trichoderma viride, respectively. Under the hydrolysis conditions used in this study, the surface fibrils of cotton and rayon yarns did not easily eliminated. The cellulase B lost weight at faster rate than the cellulase A for all samples: the weight loss increased in the order viscose rayon < cotton < cuprammonium rayon. In all cases, although the fall in breaking strength was totally progressive with increasing weight loss, the relationship between the breaking strength and weight loss appears to be markedly affected by the fine structure of cellulosic fiber. Retention of strength after 240 min incubation time increased in the order cotton < cuprammonium rayon < viscose rayon. It was especially noted, in the case of cellulase B, that there was the range of weight loss which the strength remains constant for all samples. Water retention value of hydrolyzed yarns was found to reach a minimum at initial stages of hydrolysis and then increase at more advanced stages of hydrolysis in all cases.
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  • Preparation and Characterization of Alginate-blended Rayon
    Yasumitsu Uraki, Yousuke Miharu, Ryo Funada, Yoshihiro Sano, Masaki Mi ...
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2000 Volume 56 Issue 10 Pages 482-486
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2001
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.482
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Alginate-blended rayon was prepared from a mixture of alginate and cellulose xantate in alkaline solution. Wide distribution of alginate in the whole fiber was revealed by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDX) and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The alginate blended in the rayon could not be removed by aqueous alkaline solution completely, suggesting that a part of the blended alginate formed tight complex with cellulose. The blended rayon had an excellent moisture sorption property such as a superior moisture sorption and a comparable heat of sorption to those of wool.
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  • Estimating Value of Recycled Fiber: Using Choice Experiments
    Masaji Sakagami
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2000 Volume 56 Issue 10 Pages 487-492
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2001
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.487
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The paper discusses the environmental value of recycled fiber such as poly ethylene terephthalate (PET) or nylon. This study employs Choice Experiments (CE) to estimate that value. In the survey design of CE, respondents choice a better profile of jumper, called wind breaker, made of recycled PET or nylon which they want to buy. As a result, it was showed that wheter the wind breaker is made of recycled or virgin fiber is not important to them, but the environmental value of recycled fiber is positive, 300 yen per 10% recycle rate. And it was found that when a consumer buys a wind breaker, color of wind breaker is the most important attribute.
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  • Rheological Characteristics of Sizing Agent for Spun Yarn
    Teizo Isono, Futoshi Sugimoto, Kazuhiko Komurasaki, Tohei Yamamoto
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2000 Volume 56 Issue 10 Pages 493-496
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2001
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.493
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Power spectra for a warp yarn at weaving with a shuttle loom, rapier loom and air loom were measured and the impact frequency for the yarn was found to increase with rotating speed of the looms. The degree of polymerization, degree of saponification, glass transition temperature, and activation energy of poly(vinyl alcohol) which is the major component of commercial sizing agents, were discussed through viscoelastic measurements. Its rheological suitability for air looms was proposed.
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  • Flamability and Thermal Decomposition Behavior of Polylactide-Cellulose Union Cloths
    Hiroh Kubokawa, Hidekazu Komatsu
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2000 Volume 56 Issue 10 Pages 497-500
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2001
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.497
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The flamability and the thermal decomposition behavior of polylactide-cellulose (cotton or rayon) union cloths were investigated. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of the union cloths were lower than that of 100% polylactide fabric, 24.1%. The LOI value of polylactide-cotton union cloth was 19.3%, or as the same level as that of 100% cotton fabric. The LOI value of polylactide-rayon union cloth was 19.3%, or 1.3% higher than that of 100% rayon fabric. The acceleration of the weight decrease of the polylactide-cotton union cloth was found in comparison with the estimated decrease based on the data of each component, polylactide and cotton according to the analysis by TG-DTA in air and nitrogen. On the other hand, the weight decrease of the polylactide-rayon union cloth was retarded on the initial stage, though it was accelerated after the middle of stage.
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