Sen'i Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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Volume 57, Issue 4
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Feature - Fiber and radiation
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  • Preparation of Hybrid Polyester with Uniformly Dispersed Silica Particles
    Shinji Yamaguchi
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2001 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 105-110
    Published: 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.57.105
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The alkaline-etching of polyester fiber has improved the feeling of the cloth and of the dyed goods. In the process, the control of dispersion state of inorganic micro particle in polyester became extremely important. After a few types of colloidal silica's were added to ethylene glycol, the polymerization were carried out under several conditions. It was concluded that, for achieving better dispersion of silica particles in polyester matrix, colloidal silica which was stable in basic circumstance and the lower esterification temperature were preferable. The particle dispersion was observed by the transmission electron microscopy. After measurement of distances between the particle centers, the dispersion state was analyzed using Rayleigh's statistics which allow us to evaluate the dispersion state whether the particles aggregated or the particles dispersed uniformly.
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  • Fibers Having Fine Concave and Convex Surface from Silica Hybrid Polyester
    Shinji Yamaguchi, Hisahumi Takanabe
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2001 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 111-119
    Published: 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.57.111
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    Polyester fibers are featured with trilobal cross-section and their suface is peeled off with an alkaline etching. Polyester fibers have poor suface touch in terms of KISHIMI (dry touch) and KOSHI (softness, suppleness). Fine concave and convex structure can be formed using the difference of solubility to alkaline solution between polyester matrix and the particles uniformly dispersed in the matrix. The polyester fiber with fine surface structure provides not only deep color shade, but also improved luster and handle properties of fabrics. In this paper, the theoretical mechanisms how the fine concave and convex structure in the order of light-wavelength can be formed on the surface of particle dispersed fibers was investigated. It is theoretically shown that the surface distance between particles of radius r is important and the roughness of the fiber suface shows the maximum at 0.2 r distance. The experimental results has shown that the fine structure can be formed when the main decentralization is in the vicinity of 2.2 r. The frictional and optical properties of dyed fabrics have been improved by taking these minute ruggedness modifications. The fine rugged fibers succeeds in providing a material of new types because of this big improvement.
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  • Toughness Improvement of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Fibers by Hybridization with Silica Fine Particles
    Shinji Yamaguchi, Masao Kawamoto
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2001 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 120-125
    Published: 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.57.120
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A method of dispersing fine silica particles into polyester resin proposed by the authors was applied for the production of polyester industrial fibers. The as-spun fibers of silica hybrid polyester with intrinsic viscosity range of 0.6-0.7 showed lower maximum draw ratio than those regular PET in the drawing process. The drawn and annealed silica hybrid fibers, however, showed slightly lower strength and significantly higher elongation at break in comparison with those of regular PET fibers produced appllying the same drawing tension. In addition, it was found that fibers of high toughness, i.e. high strength and high elongation at break, could be produced by the one step spinning with in-line drawing process of high molecular weight silica hybrid polyester.
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  • Relation between Surface Roughness and Coloration of Silica Hybrid Polyester Fibers
    Shinji Yamaguchi, Hisahumi Takanabe
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2001 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 126-132
    Published: 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.57.126
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A method of dispersing fine silica particles into polyester resin proposed by the authors was applied for the production of polyester fibers with deep and vivid color. Surface roughness with the dimension of the wavelength of light was introduced on silica hybrid polyester fibers through alkali etching. Although silica particles are dispersed uniformly in polyester pellets, the particles are aligned in the direction of fiber axis in the silica hybrid fibers. This uniaxial arrangement of silica particles leads to the formation of ridged surface after alkali etching. Quantitative analyses of the surface roughness in the direction transverse to the fiber axis and optical properties of the fibers revealed that the silica content of 3 wt% gives highest optical properties to the dyed fibers.
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