Sen'i Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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Volume 61, Issue 7
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Column
Series
Commentation
Transactions
  • Study on Molecular Structure in the Surface of Polyethylene Terephthalate Fiber for the Industrial Use
    Daisuke Shouro, Koichi Ito, Tadahiko Takata
    2005 Volume 61 Issue 7 Pages 177-182
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.61.177
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The surfaces on the two types of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers, R (Regular grade) fiber and HL (High modulus and low shrinkage) fiber with good dimensional stability for the industrial use were analyzed by contact angle, surface tension and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The surface tension of hydrogen bond contributions γsh of all PET samples was very small value, therefore, these samples were very inactive for the chemical interaction. Regarding surface tension of PET film, the polarity γsp was very small, but the dispersion γsd was major contribution. On the other hand, the polarity γsp of the PET fibers showed very large value, but their dispersion γsd was small. These values were different from those of the PET film. It was estimated that the surfaces of PET R-fiber and HL-fiber might be covered with specific chemical structures with polarity such as ethylene glycol chain or ester bond, respectively different from that of ordinary PET film from the analysis of XPS.
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  • Light Transmission Properties of Plain Knitted Fabrics in Uniaxial and Biaxial Extension
    Yoshihiko Yazaki, Masayuki Takatera, Yoshio Shimizu
    2005 Volume 61 Issue 7 Pages 183-190
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.61.183
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Knitted fabrics have superior expansion and contraction properties because of their loop structure. Light transmission factor is changed by extension. Light transmission properties of plain knitted fabrics stretched by uniaxial load and by biaxial load were measured, and relationship between stretch and anisotropic light transmission properties was studied. In uniaxial load, when the samples were stretched at the same extension rate along the wale direction and the course direction, they showed different light transmission factors because the stitch densities of wale and course changed with Poisson's ratio. Light transmission factor at front of a fabric was estimated from stitch densities of wale and course, Poisson's ratio of knitted fabric and diameter of yarn in stretch. In biaxial load, when the samples were extended in the same area, they showed same light transmission factors. Light transmission factor at front of a fabric was estimated from stitch densities of wale and course and diameter of yarn in stretch. It was confirmed that anisotropic light transmission properties were different by tensile conditions.
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  • Intermediate States of Aqueous Solution of Agarose on Quasi-Static Cooling
    Seiichiro Yokokawa, Yoshiharu Nishiyama
    2005 Volume 61 Issue 7 Pages 191-195
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.61.191
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We studied gelation behavior of aqueous solution of agarose (1.0wt%) using light scattering and rheological measurement. Aqueous solution of agarose (1.0wt %) showed a stepwise structural evolution via a series of stages when it was cooling very slowly from the solutions. The stage includes: i) Homogeneous solution at above 62°C; ii) inhomogeneous transition stage at 61°C-51°C, where the mean scattering intensity steadily increased with temperature drop; iii) homogeneous intermediate state at 50°C-38°C, where scattering intensity stays constant; iv) second transition stage at 37°C-34°C, where scattering intensity rised steeply; and v) typical gel state at below 34°C. All states below 62°C showed hysteresis in that the return to solution required reheating to above 93°C. Because the loss modulus G'' was close to the storage modulus G' in the state iii), the phenomenon at this temperature range seems to be a weak gelation. Large fluctuations of scattering intensity in time and/or space observed in the stages ii) and v) indicate the presense of mobile or frozen-in inhomogeneities.
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Technical Papers
  • Modification of Sericin with Milk Whey and Properties of the Coated-polyester Fabric
    Jun Kamitani, Takashi Yamamoto, Daisuke Mori, Carlo Peruzzo, G.M. Colo ...
    2005 Volume 61 Issue 7 Pages 196-200
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.61.196
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Sericin and milk whey were modified with diisocyanate, toluene-2,4-diisocyanate or hexamethylene diisocyanate as a crosslinking agent, in order to apply for a coating agent of polyester fabrics. The influence of addition of the milk whey was studied. The moisture regain was improved as the ratio of the milk whey to sericin increased at 20°C and 65 %RH. Furthermore, we prepared modified sericin/whey coated-polyester fabrics and studied their washing fastness. After 20 times washing, more than half of the modified sericin/whey remained on the coated fabrics.
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