Sen'i Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
Search
Advanced search
OR
Browse
Search
Volume 64, Issue 12
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
Show all abstracts
    • |<
    • <
    • 1
    • >
    • >|
Reviews and News
Columns
Feature
Prize for Excellence in Fiber Research, Prize for New Fiber Technology
Original Articles
Transactions
  • Pattern Making Method and Evaluation by Dots of Monochrome
    Shigekazu Nishikawa, Mariko Yoshizumi, Hajime Miyake
    2008 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 345-351
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.64.345
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    In this study, a pattern making method by dots of onochrome was examined. Moreover, as a result of conducting factor analysis about the made original patterns, the relation between the design condition and the image of the design can be clarified and the basic data of the pattern making for the textile designer were able to be obtained. In the original pattern making, the making method of the basic figure was considered first. Next, the original patterns became innumerable by changing a rotation angle between the two made basic figures. The arrangement method of dots used as the basis of making of a basic figure was limited to square arrangement. The dot was divided from the center of the dot vertically and horizontally. The divided dot was defined as 1/4 dot. When 1/4 dot located in four corners carried out equal distance movement on a diagonal line toward each center of the square which connected the center of the adjacent dot, the basic figure for pattern making was obtained. 18 samples were prepared for the image test. The images of 18 samples were analyzed by the factor analysis. The image factors of these 18 samples are identified by three factors, i.e., ability, evaluation and clearness. The factor of ability is related strongly to the density, the division pattern, and the color of dots. The factor of evaluation is related strongly to the rotation angle of dots. The factor of clearness is relatedstrongly to the division patterns of dots.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (2139K)
  • [title in Japanese]
    Satoshi Ogawa, Yasufumi Takeda, Katsumi Kaneyama, Tadashi Komoto
    2008 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 352-357
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.64.352
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    A curing method for permanent hair straightening using thioglycolic acid (TGA) has been widely used for decade. On the basis of the chemical reactions occurring during the curing treatment and the conformational changes of -helical chains, the straightening mechanism has been proposed. However, the changes of the hair structure in supermolecular level have not been clarified so far. In this report, the effects of reduction and heat treatments on the morphological changes of hair were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ultrathin cross sections of the untreated and cured hair samples stained with uranyl acetate and followed by lead citrate were subjected to TEM observations. It was found that the intact cuticle and cortex morphologies of the untreated hair were confirmed from the fact that the A-layer, exocuticle, and endocuticle with high TEM contrast were clearly observed in each layer of the cuticle and the ill-defined cortex morphology with a low contrast was observed due to weak reactions of the staining reagents to the cortex. On the other hand, it was revealed for the stained cured hair, that (i) the decrease in TEM contrast toward the cortex center reflects the decrease of reduction reaction of the cortex components resulting from the extent of diffusion of TGA into the fiber, (ii) many voids were produced on the cuticle layers due elution of the proteins contained therein, (iii) a fine morphology with a high contrast of the structure of the whorl-like macrofibril is resulted from the reactions of the staining reagents with carboxyl groups produced by the disruption of -crystallites, and (iv) deformation, disruption and melting of the -crystallites occur on the arrangements of microfibril + matrix structural units near the cell membrane complex (CMC).
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (1271K)
  • Antibacterial Activity of Compounded Papers using Wasted Green Tealeaves Produced by Paper-making Method
    Tetsuya Takahashi, Wakako Kasai, Tetsuo Kondo, Hiroshi Yokota, Tetsu ...
    2008 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 358-365
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.64.358
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    Various studies were conducted to improve antibacterial properties of compounded papers using wasted green tealeaves prepared by a paper-making technique. The research included the elucidation of a cause of low antibacterial activity. Different binders and different degrees of grinding wasted tealeaves were tested with no effect on antibacterial properties of compounded papers using wasted green tealeaves. However, when a suspension of pulp and wasted tealeaves was air-dried and used to prepare a compounded paper, the compounded paper was found to have excellent antibacterial properties. The result indicated a cause for the low antibacterial activity of compounded papers using wasted green tealeaves prepared by the paper-making technique. That is, catechins abundant in wasted green tealeaves dissolved in water when ground and ran off with waste water during the paper-making process without settling in compounded papers. To confirm that, liquid from a mass-colloider used for wet-grinding wasted tealeaves was sampled and filtered. The filtrate was dropped onto a 100 wt% pulp paper. No viable bacterial cell was found in the pulp paper to which more than 1.0 ml/g of the filtrate was applied ; the result showed that the liquid possessed good antibacterial properties. In other words, the liquid was confirmed to possess a high antibacterial activity. In paper making by the paper-making technique, aluminum sulfate was added to a suspension of pulp and ground, wasted tealeaves in order to readily settle catechins contained in liquid resulting from grinding wasted tealeaves in compounded papers using wasted tealeaves. The result revealed that a 2.70 wt% addition of aluminum sulfate to compounded papers using wasted green tealeaves improved antibacterial properties of the papers.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (2080K)
  • Bleaching of Cotton Fabrics by Hydrogen Peroxide with Metallic Ion
    Mitsuru Tahara, Sunmi Yang, Masako Maekawa
    2008 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 366-371
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.64.366
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    In order to establish the bleaching method for cotton fabrics under the neutral or acid condition, the cotton fabrics were pretreated by iron(II) sulfate before subsequent hydrogen peroxide bleaching. The white index and tensile strength at break for yarns from bleached fabrics were measured and considered concerning the pretreated condition by iron(II) sulfate. It was revealed that the high white index attained, by contraries, tensile strength for yarns decreased ca. 20% by processing. However, an addition of a small amount of sodium hydroxide into bleaching bath enabled to depress a decrease of tensile strength for yarns. In addition, it was observed by ESR measurement that an amount of radicals increased when a small amount of NaOH was added into hydrogen peroxide solution in the presence of iron (II) sulfate.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (1103K)
  • Properties of (Ni-P)-SiO2 (Nanometer) Electroless Composite Coating on PET Fabrics
    Zhang Hui, Liu Rongli
    2008 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 372-377
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.64.372
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    In this paper, electroless composite plating of (Ni-P)-SiO2 nanoparticles on PET fabric was operated in order to obtain a high electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency and the wear resistance for special clothing. The (Ni- P)-SiO2 composite plated fabrics were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), thermal gravimetric (TG) analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The electromagnetic shielding performance and abrasion resistance were also measured. The results show that the onset decomposition temperature of the Ni-P plated fabric is higher than that of the (Ni-P)-SiO2 composite plated fabric, but lower than that of the original one. The face-centred cube crystal structure of Ni-P deposition is formed because of the incorporation of nano SiO2 particles. When the weight increasing percentages are identical, the shielding effectiveness (SE) of the (Ni-P) -SiO2 composite plated fabric is slightly larger than that of the Ni-P plated fabric. For the (Ni-P)-SiO2 composite plated fabric, the add-ons of nano SiO2 particles has little effect on the shielding effectiveness. The abrasion resistance of the (Ni-P)-SiO2 composite plated fabric is much improved.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (619K)
    • |<
    • <
    • 1
    • >
    • >|
feedback
 Top