Sen'i Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
Search
Advanced search
OR
Browse
Search
Volume 66, Issue 12
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
Show all abstracts
    • |<
    • <
    • 1
    • >
    • >|
Reviews and News
Columns
Feature
The Society of Fiber S & T, Japan Prize for Excellence in Fiber Research
The Society of Fiber S & T, Japan Prize for New Fiber Technology
Series
Original Articles
Transactions
  • Lac Dyeing Cotton Fibers by Pretreating with Tannic Acid and Aluminum Acetate
    Yukiko Togo , Motoko Komaki
    2010 Volume 66 Issue 12 Pages 291-298
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: January 17, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.291
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    Lac color is one of the natural dyestuffs with an anthraquinone structure and is conveniently adsorbed to protein fibers, especially wool. Although the adsorption of lac dye to cellulose fibers is extremely low, dyeing is possible by using a mordant containing metallic ion. It is possible in such a way to obtain a deep purple color by mordant dyeing if cotton fibers are pretreated with tannic acid. The adsorption of tannic acid to cotton fibers and the relationships between tannic acid and aluminum, and aluminum and lac dye in a solution were examined to clarify this effect. It was found that the adsorption of tannic acid to cotton fibers increased the binding of aluminum to the fibers and then effectively enhanced the adsorption of lac dye. Aluminum acetate and aluminum potassium sulfate being used for the mordant in the binding ratio of aluminum to tannic acid differed. The adsorption of tannic acid to cotton was of the Langmuir type below 0.5 mM and resulted in -32.0 kJ/mol of heat of adsorption.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (1114K)
  • Structural Rearrangement of Chitin Molecular Sheets in Water
    -Mechanism of Structural Formation of Regenerated Chitin Proposed by Molecular Dynamics Simulation-
    Hitomi Miyamoto, Chihiro Yamane, Ryuji Hirase, Kazuyoshi Ueda
    2010 Volume 66 Issue 12 Pages 299-303
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: January 17, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.299
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    Structural rearrangement of chitin molecular sheets with four tetramers along (110) and (020) crystal planes of α-chitin in water was studied by molecular dynamics simulation in order to identify the first structure in course of crystallization. Hydrogen bonded molecular sheet along (110) plane changed into van der Waals associated molecular sheet ; and molecular sheet along (020) plane, which was van der Waals associated molecular sheet, remained unchanged. Both calculated molecular sheets had almost similar structures in view of highly developed hydrogen bonding system, molecular conformation and tilt angle of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine ring. In addition, it is natural that reorganized chitin sheet formed by van der Waals forces is structurally stable in aqueous medium due to its hydrophilic surface and hydrophobic inside. Therefore, formation of chitin crystal in an aqueous medium probably starts from the molecular sheet formed by van der Waals forces.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (2217K)
  • Study on Prediction of Clothing Pressure by using Particle Model
    Yosuke Horiba, Shigeru Inui, Masayuki Takatera, Yoshio Shimizu
    2010 Volume 66 Issue 12 Pages 304-313
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: January 17, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.304
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    In this paper, we discussed the particle based mechanical model for numerical simulation of clothing pressure. Human body and clothing were represented as an elastic body by particle system, collision between human body and clothing was represented by impulse force based model. The two simulations were conducted to evaluate the validity of the suggested model. In the first simulation, clothing pressure on the elastic cylinder covered with cloth was predicted to evaluate the precision of static clothing pressure prediction. As a result, it was confirmed that it had the accuracy of 0.08 kPa, but there was a room for improvement to predict on the edge of cloth. Although it is considered that the mesh resolution (particle distance) caused the problem, it is important to decide a suitable mesh resolution for purpose because it is directly with calculation time. In the second simulation, we conducted the simulation that winding elbow with sleeve to evaluate the precision of dynamic clothing pressure prediction. As a result, it was observed that clothing pressure changed with elbow flexion. However it was not able to obtain the accurate result caused by numerical instability in the case of fast elbow flexion. It is considered that time step and collision model between clothing and human body on the simulation caused numerical instability. Improvement and implementation of the simulation considering whole body motion for dynamic clothing pressure prediction are our future work.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (3021K)
Technical Papers
  • Comparing between Estimating Visual Quality of Plain Stitch Fabric and Friction Test for Double Ply Staple Yarn
    Keizo Koganeya, Motoharu Fujigaki, Yoshiharu Morimoto
    2010 Volume 66 Issue 12 Pages 314-321
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: January 17, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.314
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    It is well known that the results of yarn evenness test informed the quality of the resulting fabric. The unevenness such as thin, thick, nep, and mass periodic change caused bad visual quality of fabric. Evener yarn makes better visual quality fabric. In our previous paper, it was, however, reported that the double ply yarn having little unevenness caused a peculiar manner of bad visual quality of the plain stitch fabric. But, in yarn friction test, this yarn had the wider range of the friction change working between needles and the running yarn than usual yarns. In addition, the friction change had a certain cyclic variation. In case of flat knitting machine, dyeing double ply yarns are generally knitted. After dyeing, evenness test and friction test are seldom applied to the yarn. In this paper, these tests were carried out for the several yarns which were generally knitted by flat knitting machine. Some yarns were added as tested yarns. Those yarns imitated the yarn that caused a peculiar manner of bad visual quality. The result of these examination and measurement was weighed. It was found that there was the correlation between the variety of friction and visual quality of the resulting fabric.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (4940K)
    • |<
    • <
    • 1
    • >
    • >|
feedback
 Top