繊維学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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70 巻, 7 号
繊維学会誌
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繊維と工業
時評
特集〈次世代を担う若手研究者たち1〉
「がんばる若手研究者」
「最近の博士論文より」
連載〈溶融紡糸の原点〉
連載〈文化の伝承 ― 祭り ― 9〉
繊維学会創立70周年記念連載〈技術が支えた日本の繊維産業-生産・販売・商品開発の歩み-11〉
報文
一般報文
  • Flow-Orientation of Internal Structure and Anisotropic Properties on Hydrogels Consisted of Imogolite Hollow Nanofibers
    Kaneda Keisuke, Uematsu Keisuke, Masunaga Hiroyasu, Tominaga Yoichi, S ...
    2014 年 70 巻 7 号 p. 137-144
    発行日: 2014/07/10
    公開日: 2014/07/09
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.70.137
    ジャーナル フリー
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    A thixotropic gel consisted of the mixture of imogolite (IG) and maleic acid could be liquefied and re-solidified reversibly by shaking and standing, respectively, within subseconds (K. Shikinaka et al., Small, 10(9), 1813 (2014)). After flow-orienting and subsequent standing the sol-state mixture, the uniaxial alignments of IG hollow nanofibers with centimeter scale were realized in the recovered gel. The degree of orientation of IG was noticed to be dependent on the flow velocity of the sol-state mixture. The self-standing interpenetrated network gels with the desired shapes were prepared by the in situ polymerization of the uniaxially oriented gels that were pre-impregnated by 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and a cross-linker. The confinement of the IG hollow nanofibers with the uniaxial orientation induced some anisotropic physical properties to the gels such as anisotropic proton conductivity and mechanical strength.
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  • 媒染染色した綿布と羊毛布のエタンチオール消臭速度
    雨宮 敏子, 仲西 正
    2014 年 70 巻 7 号 p. 145-151
    発行日: 2014/07/10
    公開日: 2014/07/09
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.70.145
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Mordant-dyed cotton and wool fabrics were prepared with direct and basic dyes, and copper(II) sulfate. The deodorization rates for ethanethiol by the mordant-dyed samples were measured by gas detection tube method and gas chromatography of flame photometric detection. The deodorization processes had two phases. For mordant-dyed cotton samples, the deodorization rates of the initial phase were fast, and of the successive second phase were low (fast-slow type). To the contrary, the mordant-dyed wool samples indicated slow-fast type of the deodorization rates. Comparison of the deodorization behaviors of the cotton and wool sample fabrics revealed the large difference in the state of copperions adsorbed by the fabrics.
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  • 各種還元剤による処理毛髪のα結晶変性挙動
    上甲 恭平, 高橋 洋, 武田 靖史, 大崎 敦士
    2014 年 70 巻 7 号 p. 152-159
    発行日: 2014/07/10
    公開日: 2014/07/09
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.70.152
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    Effects of the reducing agents such as ammonia thioglycolate (ATG), L-cysteine (CYT), cyisteamine (CYA) and 2-mercapto-4-butanolide (BLT) on disulfide (-SS-) cross-links in microstructure surrounding the intermediate filaments (IFs) were investigated by analysis of a crystal denaturation behavior of intact and reduced human hairs using High pressure differential scanning calorimetry (HPDSC) and ambient pressure DSC (APDSC). Their reduced hair samples which sulfhydryl groups caused by a reduction reaction were blocked by N-ethyl maleimide (NEMI) were measured by these DSC techniques. The results have shown that ATG diffuses easily into the cortical cells and then dissociates some -SS- linkages in microstructure surrounding IFs, in contrast, and that the other reducing agent hardly acts to cleave the -SS- bonds in microstructure surrounding IFs. However, it was found that if the cortical cells mechanically crushed using the rotary speed mill were treated with CYT, CYT diffused easily the cortical cells and then dissociated some -SS- cross links in microstructure surrounding IFs. It has been believed from the above findings that CYT, CYA and BLT acts primarily to attack the -SS- bond in the cuticle cell layer. When comparing of the -SS- + -SH groups contents of hair samples reduced with ATG and CYA for different time, it was revealed that -SS- + -SH groups contents of both treated hair became almost constant at 10 min treatment, and furthermore that the equilibrium value of the ATG treated hair was only slightly higher than that of the CYA treated hair. This finding suggested that the amount of -SS-bond cleavage in the cortical cells by ATG treatment was considerably less. As a result of evaluating the permanent wave shape formed by the reducing agent of four under certain conditions based on the knowledge obtained above, it is concluded as follows: (1) Permanent efficiency of wave shape is attributed to the rearrangement of the molecular chains that make up the cuticle cell, which is induced by the -SS- linkage cleavage of exocuticle generating a strain by being wrapped on the rod. (2) The difference of the wave efficiency depending on the type of the reducing agent is due to differences in the permeability of these into cuticle cells.
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  • 吸放湿繊維材料の水蒸気及び熱移動に関する赤外熱画像による可視化と数値解析
    荻野 毅, 田中 宏史
    2014 年 70 巻 7 号 p. 160-166
    発行日: 2014/07/10
    公開日: 2014/07/09
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.70.160
    ジャーナル フリー
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    We have conducted an experimental study on heat and moisture transfer from the unsteady state to the steady state by simultaneously comparing a hygroscopic fiber and a non-hygroscopic fiber. For correct verification of this phenomenon, we measure temperatures on the surfaces of each sample by using a thermography camera instead of point -contact thermocouples and visualizing the entire surfaces of each sample, and thereby observe changes of temperature distribution on the entire surfaces of each sample. We also evaluate how the differences in serial temperature distribution in each sample are related to the temperature and humidity around the interface between chambers, and further consider a relevance to heat-retaining property.
    In addition to, we attempt to the numerical analysis to clarify the mechanism of this phenomena using the adequate analytical model. Numerical results show the same qualitative tendency assuming the remaining of the adsorption and desorption effect only at the front and back side of sample, even though the sample have been attained adsorption equilibrium , thus suggesting an improvement in heat-retaining properties.
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