Sen'i Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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Volume 70, Issue 8
Journal of the Society of Fiber Science and Technology
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Reviews and News
Foreword
Special Issue of Young Scientists (2)
Active Young Researchers in Fiber and Textile Fields
From Recent Doctoral Thesis
Review
Series on Culltural Tradition Associated with Festivals 10
Series on Intellectual Property Right 1
Series on Origin of Melt-Spinning Technology
Serise of Historical Reviews of Japanese Textile Industry Supported by the Technology-History of the Production,Sales,and Product Development-12
Report
Original Articles
Transactions
  • Response of Fiber Diameter with the Continuously Changing of Draw Ratio
    Munekazu Matoba, Akiyoshi Ito, Toshifumi Ikaga, Yutaka Ohkoshi
    2014 Volume 70 Issue 8 Pages 167-173
    Published: August 10, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.70.167
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The fiber with gradually changing diameter was fabricated by changing the draw ratio continuously, that is, by changing the take-up speed of melt spinning, laser drawing, and heater drawing processes. The diameter profiles of resultant fibers were monitored and compared each other. As the results, the laser drawing shows the best diameter responsiveness among the three. For the case, the diameter changing rate increased with the increase of fiber acceleration rate up to 6.0 m/s2. Moreover, it can make the fiber whose diameter gradually changed about 40% within 8 cm range for the minimum case. The diameter profile was determinded by not only the draw ratio profile but also the start/end draw ratios. The lower drawing stress change tends to improve the responsiveness, and the minimum response length for laser drawing was obtained for the draw ratio decreasing case.
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  • Theoretical Analyses on the Effect of the Coefficient of Yarn/Knitting Elements on the 1×1 Rib Knitting Behavior
    Kazuhiro Murayama, Taiko Onodera, Shinji Nishimura, Nobuaki Yaginuma, ...
    2014 Volume 70 Issue 8 Pages 174-179
    Published: August 10, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.70.174
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The computer program based on our mathematical model of the 1×1 rib knitting process can predicted the loop length and the course length, the yarn tensions in the 1×1 rib knitting zone, the robbing back length on the course, the robbing back rate, the maximum yarn tension value and position. The effects of the frictional coefficient of yarn/ knitting elements on the course length, the yarn tensions in the 1×1 rib knitting zone, the robbing back length on the course, the robbing back rate, the maximum yarn tension value and position are analyzed theoretical using the cotton yarn and the worsted yarn. The results obtained are as follows. 1) The course length increases with the increase of the frictional coefficient yarn/knitting element both the cotton yarn and the worsted yarn. 2) The robbing back length and the robbing back rate decrease with the increase of the frictional coefficient yarn/knitting element both the cotton yarn and the worsted yarn. 3) The maximum tension value increases with the increase of the frictional coefficient yarn/ knitting element both the cotton yarn and the worsted yarn.
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Technical Paper
  • Prediction of Diaper Shape While Worn by Using Finite Element Method―Focus on Posture of Open Legs Wearing Tape-Type Baby Disposable Diaper―
    Yosuke Horiba, Shigeru Inui, Yuki Maeda, Takaaki Shimada, Hiromi Terao ...
    2014 Volume 70 Issue 8 Pages 180-186
    Published: August 10, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.70.180
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A method to predict a diaper condition while worn is proposed in this study, based on the pattern paper of a disposable diaper, material properties and body shape. This paper in particular reports the analysis results on the posture of open legs when a tape-type baby diaper is worn by using the explicit finite element method. Upon analysis, geometric mapping of a diaper, dynamic computation regarding strain generated in a diaper resulting from mapping as a geometric boundary condition, and dynamic computation regarding strain of gather rubber as a geometric boundary condition are sequentially conducted to obtain the shape while worn. When the leg gather (hereinafter, “LG”) position as well as vacant space distribution was compared with the actual diaper in order to verify appropriateness of analysis results, the error rate was approximately 3.8% at maximum in regards to the LG position; therefore a certain level of appropriateness was confirmed. On the other hand, the error in analysis results was significant in the vacant space distribution, indicating the need to model the crease formed upon product packaging as observed in the actual diaper. Since it is possible to calculate the shape of a disposable diaper while worn based on the pattern paper and material properties with this method, it is considered to be useful upon investigating the shape of pattern paper in the design phase.
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Note
  • Coloration of Chrome Tanned Leather by Maillard Reaction
    Takeru Ohe, Yurika Yoshimura, Yuji Shimada
    2014 Volume 70 Issue 8 Pages 187-189
    Published: August 10, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.70.187
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Chrome tanned leather sheets could be colored in an aqueous solution containing reducing sugars, similar to the coloration of various foods containing both protein and reducing sugars, by the Maillard reaction. The obtained sheets showed yellowish or brownish color. Further reaction conditions, such as reaction time, temperature, and types of reducing sugar, were also investigated in this paper, where it was clear that their long reactions at the high temperatures (>95 ℃) caused not only their deep coloration, such as dark brown, but also their serious contraction owing to thermal denaturation of their protein
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