In Japan, there are braids attached to the scrolls of valuable cultural assets. During the future replication of these braids over several generations, they should be fabricated considering their cultural significance. Thus far, the quality of braid replication has primarily depended on the skill level of braid experts and there is limited systematic research on the replication of braids based on their original use. To facilitate consistent replication of the braids attached to the scrolls of cultural assets, it is necessary to rediscover braid replication techniques and reorganize the process as objective knowledge. In this study, the effect of differences in the braided yarn angle and the bobbin mass of Taka-dai on the appearance and physical properties were investigated and statistically analyzed for the production of flat braids attached to scrolls. It was established that the difference in the applied tension to the braiding point during production caused by the balance between angle and bobbin mass affected the appearance of the braids and their physical properties. Because the appearance and mechanical properties affect not only practical performance, but also ridge arrangement exposed on the braid surface and design, a balance between the choice of an appropriate angle and bobbin mass is important. Based on this research, it is likely that useful knowledge will be obtained during the process of replicating the braids of cultural property scrolls without relying on skilled workers in the future.

With the rapid development of industrialization, the problem of air pollution is becoming more and more serious. The haze with PM 2.5 as the main component is the most harmful one, which is very harmful to the human respiratory system. People use a variety of methods to protect their living environment, among which the nanometer fiber anti-haze window screen is a very effective protective material. However, due to the rapid aging of the functional layer of nanofilaments after the previous exposure to the sunlight, its service life can be shortened, and the practical value of the products will be reduced. We added a composite anti-aging agent (UV 1/AN-1135) into the spinning solution to prepare polyurethane (PU) anti-aging nanofibers to improve the anti-aging properties of the prepared nanofibers and modified the contents of different UV 1/AN1135. The structure and properties of the PU nanofiber membrane were characterized and analyzed. The results showed that the addition of UV 1/AN-1135 improved the anti-aging properties of PU nanofibers. When the UV 1/AN-1135 content is 1 wt%, the fiber membrane can absorb most of the ultraviolet rays, and the nanofibers have the smallest diameter (135.97 nm). The most uniform is that the transmittance of the fiber film is above 80% and the gas permeability test result is greater than 800 mm/s. After UV aging treatment, the fiber membrane with UV 1/AN-1135 content of 1 wt% still maintains the highest tensile strength (after aging:breaking strength 21.61 MPa, breaking elongation 115.04%) and optimal filtration performance (after aging: the efficiency is 96.925%, the filtration resistance is 30.66 Pa, and the quality factor is 0.1136).

Ring spinning is a yarn formation process that includes drafting, twisting, spinning and winding steps in which fibers are twisted around each other and rapidly rotated around the central axis of the spindle. The collective actions of the twisting, spinning and winding steps produce the coupled transverse and axial motion of the fiber strands. Therefore, yarn formation is a nonhomogeneous process with mutually coupled kinematics and dynamics, which make it difficult to predict the tension of yarn in ring spinning. In this work, we implemented force and displacement sensors in the ring-spinning frame. By solving coupled physicalmathematical equations with the measured parameters, we obtained the real-time dynamics of yarn tension. The results of this study offer insight into the mechanics of yarn formation and failure in ring spinning.

Fiber orientation is important for the development of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTPs). The purpose of this work is the development of an easy and effective technique to analyze carbon fiber (CF) orientation in CFRTPs in a short time. For this purpose, we investigated the CF orientations in CFRTPs reinforced with polyamide 6 (PA6) as observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and discuss the suitability of XRD for the measurement of the CF orientation in CFRTPs. The 200, 002, and 202 reflections of PA6; and the 002 reflection of graphite were observed in the XRD pattern of the CFRTPs. The XRD pattern of unidirectional CFRTP (UD-CFRTP) in the diffraction angle (2θ) range from 25 ̊to 33̊was almost entirely dominated by contributions from CF. The dependence of the 002 XRD intensity in the 2θ range from 25̊ to 33̊ on the azimuth (I(φ)) of UD-CFRTP and cloth CFRTP (c-CFRTP) showed the CF orientations in those. The direction and distribution of the CF orientations in the discontinuous CF reinforced thermoplastics (D-CFRTP) could be estimated based on the I(φ) obtained by the XRD. Each test piece showed a variable direction and distribution of CF orientation. Fiber orientation order parameters of D-CFRTPs were estimated by I(φ) obtained from the XRD of D-CFRTP and that of UD-CFRTP. The CFs in the D-CFRTP were almost oriented along the molding direction. The tensile modulus was correlated with the orientation order parameters estimated from the XRD patterns of the D-CFRTP. We could obtain these results from studying a UD-CFRTP,a c-CFRTP and a D-CFRTP with performing easy measurements using a general XRD system for 10min. Therefore, XRD may be the one of the most effective methods for the estimation of CF orientations in CFRTPs reinforced with PA6.